共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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针对辐射供暖环境下,由于辐射不对称性给人体造成局部不舒适,本文利用PMV—PPD预测方法、人体主观投票和皮肤温度指标对人体热舒适进行了综合研究。试验结果表明:采用PMV—PPD方法预测得到的可接受热舒适区间与人体主观投票存在较大的差异。通过拟合方程预测分析:顶棚辐射供暖环境下,额头温度、手背温度、前臂温度和平均皮肤温度与热感觉相关性显著,当平均皮肤温度在33℃附近,额头温度在32.7℃附近,人体主观感觉舒适性良好;地板辐射供暖环境下,额头温度、手背温度、小腿温度和平均皮肤温度与热感觉密切相关,当人体平均皮肤温度在32.7℃附近,额头温度在32.3℃,人体主观感觉舒适性良好。 相似文献
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伍超 《China Equipment》2009,(12)
热舒适指标PMV受环境因素和人的因素的影响。本文着重分析了空气流速对PMV指标的影响,从而为改善室内热环境的舒适性提供了途径和依据。 相似文献
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利用神经网络理论,建立了人体动态热舒适性预测前向神经网络,并以汽车空调系统的控制目标参数建立了基于人体热舒适性PMV的汽车空调模糊控制系统,确定空调系统模糊控制规则,进行计算机仿真,对不同汽车空调控制系统的仿真结果进行了比较. 相似文献
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介绍了热舒适性指标PMV,结合PMV和地铁AHU的特点,采用先进的双闭环控制算法对风机风量与风压进行优化,设计了地铁AHU串级控制系统,通过变频器控制实现,其输出PMV达到了系统舒适性的要求,达到了良好的节能效果. 相似文献
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以优化飞机驾驶舱布局设计为目的,对人体的手部操作进行了研究。首先,对驾驶舱显控装置的关联性进行分析;其次,以减小人体的手部操作路线总长为目的,对驾驶舱人机界面进行了布局优化分析;接着,以人手部几何模型和人手部Kane动力学模型为依据,建立了基于人手部操作舒适性的驾驶舱布局优化模型;最后,通过实际案例对人机界面上的操作路线进行了仿真分析;利用CATIA仿真人在驾驶舱中的手部操作姿态,计算出人手的操作舒适性,并通过舒适性评价模块进行了结果验证。理论分析和仿真结果表明,在飞机驾驶舱中相对重要的设备应布置在手部操作舒适性较高的区域,并且在布局设计过程要尽量缩短人体手部操作设备的路线,该模型提高了驾驶人员的操作效率,可作为驾驶舱布局优化设计的参考依据。 相似文献
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考虑工质在流动过程中的压降不可逆性,建立开式简单布雷顿热电联产装置的有限时间热力学模型。以可用能率、火用输出率、利润率、第一定律效率和火用效率为目标研究装置的性能。通过Matlab数值计算,在无燃料消耗和装置尺寸约束下,优化了压气机进口相对压降,得到了最优可用能率、火用输出率和利润率,进一步优化压比,得到了最大火用输出率和利润率;在有约束条件下,优化压气机进口相对压降,得到了最优第一定律效率和火用效率,同时得到了各部件最佳的流通面积分配,进一步优化压比,得到了最大第一定律效率和火用效率。研究设计参数对装置最优性能的影响,发现分别存在最佳的供热温度使火用输出率、利润率和火用效率取得双重最大值。通过比较发现按最大火用输出率设计能使装置具有较大的可用能率和较低的压比,按最大利润率设计能使装置具有较大的第一定律效率和火用效率以及较低的燃料和空气消耗。 相似文献
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Various computer-simulated person (CSP) models have been used to represent occupants in indoor airflow simulations using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Despite the capability of CFD to predict temperature and velocity fields in an automotive cabin or a room in a building, it is more difficult to evaluate the degree of thermal comfort considered by the CSP models. Up to now, the shapes of CSP models and their grid characteristics have not been studied for the evaluation of indoor thermal comfort. In this paper, the effects of the human model’s shape and the physical characteristics of the grids are studied. The FLUENT code is used for analysis, and the predicted mean vote (PMV), predicted percentage dissatisfied (PPD), and equivalent homogeneous temperature (EHT) values are used for the evaluation and comparison of thermal comfort. The computational results show that the CSP shape and grid features do not affect the global flow fields or the evaluations of PMV and PPD. However, more precise results are obtained from the evaluation of thermal comfort by EHT when detailed human models with a prism grid are used. 相似文献
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改舱客机通过减小座椅排距增加客舱座位数,为航空公司带来经济效益,但座椅排距的改变使原有的地面空调送风方式已不适用于改舱客机,容易导致客舱内的热舒适性不佳。针对此问题建立了改舱后的波音737客舱仿真模型,并通过实验舱验证了仿真模型的准确性。基于合理的改舱模型,模拟分析了客舱内的温度场、风速场,考虑到改舱导致的客舱内部流场分布不均匀的问题,提出以预测平均投票(Predicted Mean Vote,PMV)和吹风感指数(Draft Rate,DR)作为热舒适性评价指标,构建评价函数综合评价改舱后的热舒适性,求解得出满足热舒适性要求的改舱客机最佳送风速度。该方法为改舱客机的热舒适性控制提供参考。 相似文献
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介绍了热力学的分析方法,研究对象可简化为再热的锅炉系统,分别进行热平衡计算和火用分析计算,并经分析得出火用分析的优点和新动向。 相似文献
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为改善飞机地面空调恒定温度送风所造成的改舱客机舱内乘客热舒适性不佳的问题,建立了改舱后的Boeing 737客舱模型,并通过实验舱对仿真模型进行了试验验证,证明了此模型的合理有效性.在此改舱模型的基础上,运用CFD技术,模拟仿真出地面空调不同送风温度下,改舱客机的风速场与温度场,且针对改舱客机空调送风口与乘客座位距离不... 相似文献
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The existing investigations on thermal comfort mostly focus on the thermal environment conditions, especially of the air-flow field and the temperature distributions in vehicle cabin. Less attention appears to direct to the thermal comfort or thermal sensation of occupants, even to the relationship between thermal conditions and thermal sensation. In this paper, a series of experiments were designed and conducted for understanding the non-uniform conditions and the occupant's thermal responses in vehicle cabin during the heating period. To accurately assess the transient temperature distribution in cabin in common daily condition, the air temperature at a number of positions is measured in a full size vehicle cabin under natural winter environment in South China by using a discrete thermocouples network. The occupant body is divided into nine segments, the skin temperature at each segment and the occupant's local thermal sensation at the head, body, upper limb and lower limb are monitored continuously. The skin temperature is observed by using a discrete thermocouples network, and the local thermal sensation is evaluated by using a seven-point thermal comfort survey questionnaire proposed by American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc(ASHRAE) Standard. The relationship between the skin temperature and the thermal sensation is discussed and regressed by statistics method. The results show that the interior air temperature is highly non-uniform over the vehicle cabin. The locations where the occupants sit have a significant effect on the occupant's thermal responses, including the skin temperature and the thermal sensation. The skin temperaWa-e and thermal sensation are quite different between body segments due to the effect of non-uniform conditions, clothing resistance, and the human thermal regulating system. A quantitative relationship between the thermal sensation and the skin temperature at each body segment of occupant in real life traffic is presented. The investigation result indicates that the skin temperature is a robust index to evaluate the thermal sensation. Applying the skin temperature to designing and controlling parameters of the heating, ventilation and air conditioning(HVAC) system may benefit the thermal comfort and reducing energy consumption. 相似文献