半导体微电热膜加热器

在该产品中，主要是利用现代技术研制出了一种适合大功率电热膜所需的膜基材，配方先进。并可采用喷镀，在石英玻璃管上成膜。确保产品使用温度范围大，抗氧化性强，耐电流冲击能力强，性能可靠，寿命长，安全可靠，产品成品率达到85％以上。     

蒸汽加热器疏水器选型试验

通过对蒸汽加热器疏水器运行情况试验，从控制的稳定性考虑，对蒸汽加热器疏水器的选型提出了建议。     

用于热机械微纳加工的掺Al多晶硅加热器

针对热机械式微纳米结构的加工,提出了一种以掺Al多晶硅为材料,集成于微悬臂梁上的加热器.采用Al诱导退火晶化(AIC)方法,在750 K对Al/a-Si∶H复合薄膜低温晶化18 h,制备出掺Al多晶硅.通过低温退火,使复合薄膜的拉曼特征峰由478 cm-1移至520 cm-1,完成由非晶硅向多晶硅的转变;由四探针仪测得...     

高压加热器泄漏试验标准和方法的探讨

根据高压加热器进行气密性试验，氟里昂试验和氦质谱泄漏试验的灵敏度分析，本文提出高压加热器泄漏试验最大允许泄漏率，试验方法和试验系统灵敏度的一些新看法。     

新老型空气加热器的消冻试验研究

仿苏ГСТМ和国定全苏标准1814—42的С、Б型空气加热器在以热水为热媒加热低温空气时会发生冻裂的事故。本文介绍了专为查实冻裂事故原因所进行的调查、测试和分析结果,并介绍了通过多种消冻方法试验所获得的成功的消冻方法。本文还提出了在采取了消冻措施后的经济效益和技术成果。     

三角形与梯形凹槽微通道流动换热特性试验研究

为研究壁面凹槽对微通道热沉流动和传热性能的影响,设计了两种侧壁具有不同凹槽结构的微通道热沉模型,以去离子水作为流体介质展开试验,并通过综合进出口压降、摩擦因子、加热面温度、努塞尔数和综合传热因子评价侧壁凹槽结构对流动换热特性的影响。结果表明,当凹槽开口长度同为1 mm、开口倾角同为25°时,三角形凹槽微通道的压降相对于梯形凹槽最高提高了9.36%;当加热功率同为240 W、入口温度同为20℃时,三角形凹槽微通道散热能力始终大于梯形凹槽微通道;当通道内雷诺数处于试验设定的500～3 500区间时,三角形凹槽微通道的流动与传热综合性能始终优于梯形凹槽微通道;设计微通道热沉侧壁凹槽结构应优先考虑三角形凹槽结构。     

船用油液电加热器控制系统的设计

由于使用电加热元器件给油液加热时存在安全问题,所以采用的电加热器必须符合《CCS钢质海船入级规范2006》中的要求。而目前市场上类似的电加热产品在安全防护性能上良莠不齐,一般投入使用一段时间后必然存在如加热器过热、挥发有害烟气、诱发爆炸等安全隐患。针对这一问题,特设计研发了一套安全的专门用于船用油液加热的电加热器系统,并对此进行了研究探讨。     

柴油发动机燃油加热器设计与应用

对柴油粘度、温度、柴油机工作性能三者关系进行了分析,通过给柴油发动机加装一种燃油加热器,较好地解决了柴油机冬季运行时燃油升温问题。燃油加热器加装方便,成本低,不需要对原来的设备做大的改动。     

自动气象站风传感器加热器的研制与实现

我国大部分地区在初冬和开春季节,自动气象站风传感器容易结冻,给正常观测造成了困难,需要人工进行干预,特别是在高山和艰苦台站,维护保养非常困难。为了解决自动站风传感器容易结冻的问题,本文论述了采用新型加热环结构,解决自动气象站风传感器冻结的方法,提出了具体设计指标和要求,并经过多年的使用考验,取得了非常满意的效果,已经在辽宁省气象台站推广使用。     

集成在微型直接甲醇燃料电池中加热器的设计

根据各种传热机理建立了微型直接甲醇燃料电池的热传导模型,借助有限元分析工具,设计模拟了集成在微型直接甲醇燃料电池中3种不同结构的加热器。仿真结果表明,不同的加热器结构在极板表面将引起不同的温度分布,这将对燃料电池产生不同的加热效果,从而对电池的性能造成影响。其中一种比较理想的加热结构仅引起1.4 ℃的温度偏差,显示了良好的温度均匀性,故在实验中被用来控制工作温度。而另外两种加热结构引起的温度偏差分别是2.1 ℃和3.0 ℃。实验结果表明,当电流53.9 mA时,微型直接甲醇燃料电池工作温度为58.2 ℃,产生的最大功率密度为5.55 mW/cm²。集成后的微型加热器可以通过调整微型直接甲醇燃料电池的工作温度提高其性能,并能在极端环境下工作。     

Development of roll-to-roll hot embossing system with induction heater for micro fabrication

In this paper, a hot embossing heating roll with induction heater inside the roll is proposed. The induction heating coil is installed inside a roll that is used as a heating roll of a roll-to-roll (R2R) hot embossing apparatus. Using an inside installed heating coil gives the roll-to-roll hot embossing system a more even temperature distribution on the surface of the heating roll compared to that of previous systems, which used an electric wire for heating. This internal induction heating roll can keep the working environment much cleaner because there is no oil leakage compared to the oiled heating roll. This paper describes the principles and provides an analysis of this proposed system; some evaluation has also been performed for the system. A real R2R hot embossing heating roll system was fabricated and some experiments on micro-pattering have been performed. After that, evaluation has been performed on the results.     

微细工具电极在线制作技术及实验研究

本文提出了一种在线制作微型工具电极的新方法。该方法是基于电化学微加工,通过反复交换工具电极和工件的极性,进行相互加工获得与电化学微加工相适应的微型工具电极。由于该过程在线进行,因此可以避免因两次夹紧工具电极造成的位置误差和夹紧误差,并可以大大提高加工精度。该方法对于电化学展成微加工来说是非常重要的。通过实验,稳定的加工出了最小直径为20μm的工具电极。     

微型柔性热敏传感器阵列应用研究

边界层分离点检测是实现分离流主动控制的前提和基础，也是气动控制灵巧蒙皮系统研究的重点和难点。以流体边界层分离点检测技术为研究对象，以流体边界层分离点判定的风洞实验为验证目标，设计制作微型热敏传感器与聚酰亚胺柔性衬底，并首次利用微装配技术集成分立敏感元件与柔性衬底形成热敏传感器阵列。首先，采用分立元件通过表面贴装工艺来实现柔性微型热膜传感器阵列的集成，并研究该传感器阵列中敏感元件、柔性衬底的设计及传感器的排布。然后，在低速风洞实验中对传感器阵列的性能和传感器阵列输出信号采用统计量算法的方式进行处理判断，判定圆柱翼型的流体分离点位置。最后，对实验的结果所作的分析表明，该微型柔性热敏传感器阵列满足流体分离检测系统实时性、动态性的要求。     

低温阀门热特性要求和热力计算研究

周围环境相对低温阀门控制介质为显热源,容易引起低温介质的汽化。因此低温阀门必须满足一定的热特性条件,确保低温介质受较小影响。对低温阀门热特性指标进行介绍,并运用热导方程和相关数学方法对确定低温阀门热特性指标的零件温度和热流的热力计算方法进行介绍。     

Heat transfer simulation and thermal measurements of microfabricated x-ray transparent heater stages

A microfabricated amorphous silicon nitride membrane-based nanocalorimeter is proposed to be suitable for an x-ray transparent sample platform with low power heating and built-in temperature sensing. In this work, thermal characterization in both air and vacuum are analyzed experimentally and via simulation. Infrared microscopy and thermoreflectance microscopy are used for thermal imaging of the sample area in air. While a reasonably large isothermal area is found on the sample area, the temperature homogeneity of the entire sample area is low, limiting use of the device as a heater stage in air or other gases. A simulation model that includes conduction, as well as radiation and convection heat loss, is presented with radiation and convection parameters determined experimentally. Simulated temperature distributions show that the homogeneity can be improved by using a thicker thermal conduction layer or reducing the pressure of the gas in the environment but neither are good solutions for the proposed use. A new simple design that has improved temperature homogeneity and a larger isothermal area while maintaining a thin thermal conduction layer is proposed and fabricated. This new design enables applications in transmission x-ray microscopes and spectroscopy setups at atmospheric pressure.     

Plugging criteria for thinned high-pressure feedwater heater tubes considering pressure and thermal loading

When heat exchanger tubes have critical thinning which could cause unsafe conditions, it is general practice to plug the tubes so that they are out of service to prevent rupture failure at the thinnest location. Plugging criteria for the high-pressure feedwater heater tubes of fossil power plant were studied. Tubes in the desuperheating zone were considered due to their high internal pressure and the high temperature difference across the tube wall. Theoretical analysis of uniform thinning and eccentric thinning of the tube was conducted to determine the stress conditions at the thinnest location under internal/external pressure and thermal gradient across the tube. The minimum required tube thickness was determined using the maximum shear stress criterion (Tresca theory). Accuracy and effectiveness of the analytic solutions of the stresses were verified by comparing the results obtained with those obtained from finite element analysis. Using finite element analysis, the stresses for eccentric thinning were determined. Thermal loading due to temperature difference across the wall was considered even though the contribution of pressure loading to the stress of the tube was known to be higher than that of the thermal loading. As case studies, the tube plugging criteria of three high pressure feedwater heaters were determined using actual temperature and design pressure industry data. The procedure used in this study can be applied to different pressure and temperature operating conditions, and different tube materials.     

油箱热平衡分析与计算

重点介绍液压系统中油箱的热平衡分析及其容积和散热面积参数的计算。     

相干和多模热光场的光子统计实验

以激光外差探测中两束光的特性为基础,分析了相干光场和多模热光场的光子统计模型。分别讨论了上述两种光场的二阶和三阶统计特征,其中二阶统计对应于Fano因子,三阶统计对应于对称因子。对上述两种光场的Fano因子和对称因子进行了实验测量。结果显示,相干光场的Fano因子和对称因子不随入射光子数而变化。将理论模型和实验数据相结合可得到与之对应的串扰概率为0.032 1,探测器增益系数为1.046 0ph。多模热光场的Fano因子随着入射光子数增加呈直线上升趋势;目标运动速度加快,Fano因子逐渐减小,表示回波光子波动减小,认为其本质原因是热模个数增加引起的平均效应;而多模热光场的对称因子呈抛物线趋势逐渐增加。对相干和多模热光场统计特性的研究,为光子计数体制激光外差探测奠定了基础。     

陶瓷微板热隔离气体传感器阵列热干扰分析

热干扰特性是影响微热板气体传感器阵列热结构设计的重要因素之一。为探讨微热板阵列传感器单元之间的热力学特性关系,设计并制备了具有独立式加热功能的热隔离结构4单元微热板气体阵列,传感器阵列单元由Al N陶瓷衬底、Pt膜电极组成,为提高加热效率,阵列单元中间加热区采用激光微加工刻蚀热隔离通孔设计,与边缘形成微梁连接结构。利用有限元法对传感器阵列结构进行了热干扰仿真分析,验证了热隔离结构设计的合理性。给出了4种热干扰测试模式,并进行了热干扰特性测试分析,给出了4单元之间的热干扰规律曲线,得出传感器单元功耗300m W时最大干扰温度达169.6℃,最小热干扰温度84.7℃。热隔离通孔设计可有效降低传感器单元热传导损耗,热干扰分析对微热板传感器阵列的热结构设计具有重要意义。