聚甲醛和高密度聚乙烯共混改性的研究

本文对ＰＯＭ／ＨＤＰＥ／增容剂Ｚ－２共混体系进行了研究．研究结果表明：随着ＨＤＰＥ用量的增加，共混体系的拉伸强度下降，缺口冲击强度出现峰值，流动性增大，密度降低，线膨胀系数增加．当ＰＯＭ／ＨＤＰＥ／Ｚ－２＝１００／３／７时，共混物的缺口冲击强度达最大值．     

NBR／EPDM共混橡胶

ＮＢＲ／ＥＰＤＭ共混橡胶《弹性体》１９９３，№１报导，北京化工学院利用商品化高聚物ＥＶＡ－１４作增容剂，制得了优异机械性能的ＮＢＲ／ＥＰＤＭ共混胶。胶料配方为：ＮＢＲ６０，ＥＰＤＭ３０，ＥＶＡ－１４１０，ＨＡＦ３０，ＤＢＰ１０，防ＲＤ１．０，ＺｎＯ５...     

低密度聚乙烯接枝烯基双酚A醚对HDPE／PC共混体系性能的影响

本文采用烯基双酚Ａ醚接枝低密度聚乙烯（ＬＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＤＢＡＥ）作为高密度聚乙烯／聚碳酸酯（ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＣ）共混体系的增容剂,初步研究了ＬＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＤＢＡＥ对ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＣ体系性能的影响。通过对共混物形态观察、耐热性能及力学性能测试,发现ＬＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＤＢＡＥ对ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＣ体系有良好的增容效果;并发现了增容剂的最佳用量质量比大致为１０％,提高增容剂的接枝率更有利于改善共混物的性能。６５／３５ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＣ共混物的ＨＤＴ为９２℃,拉伸强度３０２ＭＰａ,冲击强度２９８ｋＪ／ｍ２,分别比未加增容剂时的８２℃,２７３ＭＰａ和１５５ｋＪ／ｍ２有较大提高。     

顺酐化EPDM的合成及其对聚甲醛／顺丁橡胶的增容作用

在ＥＰＤＭ，顺丁烯二聚酐的二甲苯溶液中，加入质量浓度为０．０２５ｋｇ／Ｌ的引发剂过氧化苯甲酰，在１００－１３９℃下进行顺酐化反应，可制备顺酐化ＥＰＤＭ。结果表明，在ＢＰＯ／ＥＰＤＭ为０．００６，ＭＡＨ／ＥＰＤＭ为０．２８４时，产物结构ＭＡＨ质量分数约２０％，ＭＡＨ利用率约７０％。     

用顺酐化EPDM增容的EPDM改性聚甲醛

以顺酐化三元乙丙橡胶（ＭＥＰＤＭ）为增容剂，研究了ＥＰＤＭ对聚甲醛（ＰＯＭ）的共混增韧生。结果表明，ＭＥＰＤＭ能明显改善ＰＯＭ与ＥＰＤＭ的相容性，使共混物分散相尺寸明显减少，分布更均匀，熔点和结晶度降低，缺口冲击强度提高。当ＰＯＭ／ＥＰＤＭ／ＭＥＰＤＭ（质量比）为８５／９／６时，共混物的缺口冲强度为１０．２ｋＪ／ｍ＾２。     

熔融挤出接枝法制备HDPE／PA1010增容剂MPE

本文介绍用ＤＣＰＯ作引发剂，通过熔融挤出接枝法制备ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＡ１０１０共混体系增容剂ＭＰＥ的工艺研究。实验结果表明，通过熔融挤出法可将ＭＡＨ单体接枝于ＨＤＰＥ，接枝率和ＭＩ受挤出温度、螺杆转速、ＤＣＰＯ和ＭＡＨ用量的影响，其最佳工艺条件为：挤出温度范围１８０～２２０℃，螺杆转速２５ｒ／ｍｉｎ，ＤＣＰＯ和ＭＡＨ用量分别为０．３份和１．０～１．３份（树脂用量为１００份）。文中还对ＨＤＰＥ融熔挤出接枝     

热塑性聚氨酯增韧改性聚甲醛的研究

本文对ＰＯＭ／ＴＰＰＵ／Ｚ－３共混体系进行了研究，结果表明，增容剂Ｚ－３可控制共混体系中分散相的颗粒尺寸及分布，起着聚集剂的作用。随着ＴＰＰＵ用量的增加，共混合金的结晶度和拉伸强度增降低，缺口冲击强度出现峰值，ＭＩ下降，当ＰＯＭ／ＴＰＰＵ／Ｚ－３＝１００／７／０．４９时，共混合金的缺口冲击强度达到最大值。     

EPDM／NBR并用胶增容体系的研究

采用ＨＡＡＫＥ扭矩流变仪考察了不同的增容剂对ＥＰＤＭ／ＮＢＲ并用胶混炼特性及硫化特性的影响．并采用溶解凝胶法进行了验证实验。同时研究了不同增容剂及其用量对并用胶力学性能的影响。结果表明：增容剂ＥＶＡ－１４、ＥＶＡ─２８、ＣＰＥ及磺化乙丙橡胶（Ｓ─ＥＰＤＭ）均能改善ＥＰＤＭ／ＮＢＲ体系的相容性．但ＥＶＡ－１４的增容效果更好；加入增容剂后并用体系的均化分散时间明显缩短，交联程度得到了提高。     

C9—MA水溶性树脂与HEDP复配系统的阻垢性能研究

研究了Ｃ９－ＭＡ水溶性树脂与ＨＥＤＰ复配后的阻垢性能及ＣａＣＯ３含量,ＰＨ值和矿经度对阻垢率的影响。当配比为：ＣＯ－ＭＡ树脂２０ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１,ＨＥＤＰ０．３ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１。     

CPE增容PVC／EPDM共混体系力学性能研究

以聚氯乙烯（ＰＶＣ）为主体材料，新型三元乙丙橡胶（ＥＰＤＭ）为改性剂，氯化聚乙烯（ＣＰＥ）为增容剂进行共混，来改善ＰＶＣ的抗冲击性能。实验结果表明，ＰＶＣ和一定量的ＣＰＥ、ＥＰＤＭ共混改性后，共混体系的冲击强度大幅度提高，ＰＶＣ／ＣＰＥ／ＥＰＤＭ在１００／５／１０（Ｗ／Ｗ）时，冲击强度上升值最大，可达４３．７ｋＪ／ｍ＾２，拉伸断裂强度提高近３０％。     

Influence of chemical and mechanical compatibilization on structure and properties of polyethylene/polyamide blends

LDPE/PA6 binary blends and LDPE/PA6/compatibilizer ternary blends were prepared in a Brabender extruder, equipped with a prototype static mixer. Compatibility of the components was estimated by rheological properties (viscosity and a melt flow index), and observations of the structure were made with the help of scanning electron microscopy and tensile strength. It was found that the blends' structure and properties are dependent on the recipe content of the polymer blends and the conditions of their manufacturing. Uniformity of the blends of the thermodynamically immiscible polymers was improved by using a prototype static mixer giving mechanical compatibilization and a compatibilizer giving chemical compatibilization. LDPE grafted with a maleic anhydride (LDPE-g-MAH) was used as a compatibilizer. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 69: 719–727, 1998     

Structural, morphological and mechanical characteristics of polyethylene, poly(lactic acid) and poly(ethylene-co-glycidyl methacrylate) blends

In this work, uncompatibilized and compatibilized blends of low density polyethylene (LDPE) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) were subjected to several investigations: Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, morphological analysis and mechanical testing (tensile, impact, microhardness). The copolymer (ethylene-co-glycidyl methacrylate) (EGMA) was used as compatibilizer. The percentages of PLA in LDPE/PLA samples ranged from 0 to 100 wt% while the EGMA was added to the blend 60/40 (LDPE/PLA) at concentrations of 2, 5, 7, 10, 15 and 20 parts per hundred (phr). FTIR analysis showed the absence of any interaction between LDPE and PLA, but after addition of compatibilizer, reactions between epoxy groups of EGMA and carboxylic or hydroxyl groups of PLA were confirmed. Tensile and impact tests revealed a loss of ductility of LDPE with the incorporation of PLA, except for the composition 80/20 (LDPE/PLA). However, the addition of 15 phr of EGMA led to the maximum increase in the elongation-at-break (about three times the value of uncompatibilized blend) and in the impact strength, but a marginal improvement was observed for tensile strength. SEM micrographs confirmed that the enhancement of mechanical properties is due to the improvement of the interfacial adhesion between different phases owing to the presence of EGMA. The microhardness values of the different blends (uncompatibilized or compatibilized) were in good agreement with the macroscopic mechanical properties (tensile and impact strengths).     

凝胶丁腈共聚弹性体增韧聚甲醛的加工流变行为及力学性能

研究了聚甲醛(POM)/凝胶丁腈共聚弹性体(GNBE)共混物的熔体流动指数(MFI)、高压毛细管流变行为和力学性能。结果表明,共混物MFI随GNBE用量的增加下降较大。聚酰胺(PA)对POM/GNBE共混体系的MFI影响较小,而热塑性酚醛树脂(PFR)的影响显著。当PFR的质量份为4时,POM共混物的MFI达最小值(0.053g/min),约为未加增容剂POM共混物MFI的1/6。随着剪切速率的提高,共混物剪切黏度迅速与POM接近。这种黏度变化行为说明共混物比GNBE对剪切速率更敏感,共混物的黏度受POM的影响较大。随着剪切速率的提高,POM与GNBE的黏度比迅速减小,并接近1,说明POM和GNBE在高剪切速率下共混时,GNBE的液滴能够在POM连续相中分散达到最小。含20份GNBE的POM共混物在高剪切速率下的熔体表观黏度与POM相当;在PFR质量份为6时,POM共混物的缺口冲击强度达到21.6kJ/m2,超过了GNBE质量份为40的POM共混物。当PFR质量份为4时,共混物的缺口冲击强度为对应的不加增容剂共混物的冲击强度的2倍多,扯断伸长率提高了55.4%。     

Degradation behavior of poly (caprolactone)–poly(ethylene glycol) block copolymer/low–density polyethylene blends

Blends of poly(carprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol) block polymer (PCE) with low-density polyethylene (LDPE) were prepared by extrusion followed by compression molding into thin film specimens. The morphology, thermal properties, degradation, and mechanical behavior of the blends were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), water immersion, static tensile testing, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The LDPE/PCE blends were immiscible for all chemical compositions. A LDPE/PCE (75/25 wt%) blend exhibited small reductions in weight and tensile strength after immersion in a buffer solution (pH = 5.0) at 50°C for extended periods of time. However, grafting maleic anhydride onto the LDPE/PCE blends improved the compatibility between the LDPE and PCE phases. Consequently, a 75/25 wt% blend of maleated LDPE/PCE exhibited significant losses in weight and tensile strength after immersion in the buffer solution. For comparison, blends of poly(caprolactone) (PCL) with LDPE were fabricated by similar techniques. The effect of compatibilizer on the degradation of LDPE/PCE and LDPE/PCL is discussed.     

Polyoxymethylene/thermoplastic polyurethane blends compatibilized with multifunctional chain extender

Novel compatibilized polyoxymethylene/thermoplastic polyurethane (POM/TPU) blends are successfully developed using multifunctional chain extender, Joncryl ADR‐4368, as the compatibilizer. The outstanding compatibilization efficiency of Joncryl on POM/TPU blend was demonstrated by its even higher mechanical properties with only 0.5 wt % of Joncryl than those with 5 wt % of three commonly used compatibilizers. Addition of only 0.5 wt % Joncryl can double the impact strength and significantly improve its tensile strength and flexural strength for POM/TPU (75/25) blend. SEM images show that Joncryl can reduce TPU particle size and enhance the interfacial interactions between POM and TPU. The interparticle distance of TPU in POM/TPU/Joncryl blends was calculated as 0.2 μm, quite close to the critical matrix ligament thickness of POM/TPU blends (0.18 μm). The impact force profile vividly shows that the addition of Joncyl in POM/TPU blends can dramatically increase the total impact energy absorbed by this blend system and enhance the interfacial interactions between POM and TPU. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Impact modification of polyacetal by thermoplastic elastomer polyurethane

The main goal of this study was impact modification of polyacetal [polyoxymethylene (POM)] with thermoplastic elastomer polyurethane (TPU). We modified the impact strength of POM 10‐fold. The mechanical properties, thermal behavior, and morphology of POM/TPU blends consisting of 5 to 50% of TPU were studied. It was found that the best impact modification of the blends was at 15% concentration of TPU and the maximum elongation at break was at 30% concentration of TPU. The impact strength of POM/TPU blends can be improved by using diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) as compatibilizer. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 84: 2573–2582, 2002     

增容剂LDPE-g-MAH对木质素/聚乙烯吹塑薄膜形貌与性能的影响

研究了低密度聚乙烯与马来酸酐的接枝共聚物LDPE-g-MAH对木质素/低密度聚乙烯共混体系热性能、红外光谱分析力学性能、流变行为以及微观形态的影响.DSC-TG综合热分析表明添加增容剂的共混物的熔融温度降低,热稳定性提高;红外光谱分析表明木质素与LDPE-g-MAH之间存在分子间氢键相互作用,流变性能分析表明共混物体系具有可加工性;扫描电子显微镜（SEM）照片显示添加增容剂后分散相尺寸明显减小,分散程度提高;PE-g-MAH有效提高了木质素/聚乙烯吹塑薄膜的力学性能,且当木质素、聚乙烯和LDPE-g-MAH质量比为25/75/10时,力学性能最优.     

聚甲醛和热塑性聚氨酯共混改性的研究

应用薄层扫描法，以熊果酸对照品为标准考察了浙江省山茱萸饮中熊果酸的含量。结果表明，样品含量均低于中国药曲标准。     

Studies on LDPE—Cyanoethylated lignocellulosics blends using epoxy functionalized LDPE as compatibilizer

Rubberwood flour and cellulose have been plasticized by cyanoethylation and then blended with low‐density polyethylene (LDPE). A small quantity of epoxy functionalized polyethylene i.e., polyethylene‐co‐glycidyl methacrylate (PEGMA) has been added to further enhance the mechanical properties. The mechanical properties were measured according to the standard ASTM methods. SEM analysis was performed for both fractured and unfractured blend specimens. The mechanical properties were improved by the addition of PEGMA compatibilizer. LDPE blends with cyanoethylated wood flour (CYWF) showed higher tensile strength and modulus than cyanoethylated cellulose CYC‐LDPE blends. However CYC‐LDPE blends exhibited higher relative elongation at break values as compared with the former. The TGA analysis showed lowering of thermal stability as the filler content is increased and degradation temperature of LDPE is shifted slightly to lower temperature. DSC analysis showed loss of crystallinity for the LDPE phase as the filler content is increased for both types of blends. Dielectric properties of the blends were similar to LDPE, but were lowered on adding PEGMA. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 219–237, 2006     

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of New Compatibilizers Based on EBAGMA‐LDPE and EBAGMA‐PET Masterbatches for LDPE/PET Blends

The present paper is aimed to evaluate the efficiency of two masterbatches, i.e., EBAGMA/LDPE (MB1) and EBAGMA/PET (MB2) with 50/50 w/w composition, prepared by melt mixing and used as new compatibilizers for blends of LDPE/PET. The morphology, the mechanical and the thermal properties of LDPE/PET/MB1 and LDPE/PET/MB2 ternary blends have been investigated. Morphological investigation by SEM of LDPE/PET/MB1 ternary blends showed a finer dispersion of PET in LDPE matrix with a better interfacial adhesion compared to those of both LDPE/PET/MB2 and binary LDPE/PET blends. The results also indicated a substantial improvement in both elongation at break and impact strength, while the Young's modulus decreased. Moreover, the thermal properties showed a decrease of the crystallization phenomena of PET in LDPE/PET/MB1 blend, thus confirming the good dispersion of PET particles into the continuous phase of LDPE matrix, leading to the conclusion that MB1 could be an efficient compatibilizer for LDPE/PET system.