废胎面胶粉的生物脱硫与化学脱硫效果对比

分别用酵母茵和Delink脱硫剂对废胎面胶粉(GTR)进行生物脱硫和化学脱硫,研究了酵母茵的生长情况,考察了脱硫胶粉对其填充丁苯橡胶(SBR)硫化胶交联密度、物理机械性能和动态力学性能的影响,并对填充硫化胶的相态结构进行了表征.结果表明,加入GTR后,酵母菌的生物量略有下降,但经过4 d后仍能维持较高的生物量水平;生物...     

二烯丙基二硫化物对NR硫化胶粉的再生作用

研究二烯丙基二硫化物(DADS)对NR硫化胶粉的再生效果,主要探讨再生工艺和DADS用量对NR硫化胶粉再生效果的影响,并利用傅里叶转换红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜初步探讨DADS对NR硫化胶粉的再生机理.结果表明:在浸润温度为60℃、浸润时间为1d、剪切时间为5 min的工艺条件下,DADS用量为6～10份时对NR硫化胶粉...     

2,2′-二苯甲酰氨基二苯基二硫化物脱硫废乳胶的研究

以2,2′-二苯甲酰氨基二苯基二硫化物(DBADPDS)作为再生剂在密炼机中对废乳胶(WLR)进行脱硫再生,研究环烷油、再生剂用量和脱硫温度对脱硫效果的影响,并探讨脱硫机理。结果表明:随着环烷油用量的增大,再生胶的交联密度减小,脱硫效果增强;添加再生剂DBADPDS可以增强脱硫效果,但再生剂DBADPDS用量过大时,其含有的硫在高温下能参与WLR分子链间的交联反应,导致再生胶的交联密度增大;脱硫温度高于140℃,橡胶很容易发生裂解,脱硫过程中温度控制在120℃左右比较适宜。     

2, 2’-二苯甲酰氨基二苯基二硫脱硫废乳胶的研究

以2,2′-二苯甲酰氨基二苯基二硫化物(DBADPDS)作为再生剂在密炼机中对废乳胶(WLR)进行脱硫再生,研究环烷油、再生剂用量和脱硫温度对脱硫效果的影响,并探讨脱硫机理。结果表明:随着环烷油用量的增大,再生胶的交联密度减小,脱硫效果增强;添加再生剂DBADPDS可以增强脱硫效果,但再生剂DBADPDS用量过大时,其含有的硫在高温下能参与WLR分子链间的交联反应,导致再生胶的交联密度增大;脱硫温度高于140℃,橡胶很容易发生裂解,脱硫过程中温度控制在120℃左右比较适宜。     

鞘氨醇单胞菌脱硫丁苯橡胶胶粉填充丁苯橡胶性能的研究

利用鞘氨醇单胞菌对丁苯橡胶(SBR)胶粉进行脱硫,对比研究SBR胶粉和脱硫SBR胶粉填充SBR胶料的性能。结果表明:鞘氨醇单胞菌不仅可使硫交联键断裂,也可使橡胶主链上的部分碳-碳双键断裂。与SBR胶粉填充的SBR胶料相比,脱硫SBR胶粉填充SBR胶料的转矩和表观交联密度减小,拉伸强度和拉断伸长率增大,邵尔A型硬度和撕裂强度保持不变,阿克隆磨耗量减小,脱硫SBR胶粉与SBR基体结合较紧密,动态滞后损失较小。     

酵母菌生物脱硫胎面胶粉及其填充天然橡胶的力学性能

用酵母菌对胎面胶粉(GTR)进行了生物脱硫实验,考察了酵母菌与GTR共培养脱硫过程中酵母菌的生长情况,对比了GTR和脱硫GTR(DGTR)填充天然橡胶(NR)硫化胶的交联密度、表面元素含量和力学性能.结果表明,在共培养脱硫过程中酵母菌依然可以保持较高的生物量,脱硫6 d后可获得生物脱硫的GTR.随着胶粉用量的增加,填充NR硫化胶的交联密度和力学性能逐渐降低.相比较GTR/NR硫化胶,DGTR/NR硫化胶的表面硫元素含量和交联密度更低,力学性能明显提高.     

三种微生物脱硫废乳胶及其填充天然橡胶的力学性能比较

利用三种微生物鞘氨醇单胞菌、脂环酸芽孢杆菌和酵母菌对废乳胶(WLR)进行了脱硫再生,考察了脱硫过程中微生物的生长情况以及脱硫前后WLR溶胀和交联密度的变化,并将WLR和脱硫WLR(DWLR)以不同份数填充到天然橡胶(NR)中,对比了DWLR/NR硫化胶和WLR/NR硫化胶的力学性能和交联密度。结果表明,利用鞘氨醇单胞菌脱硫的WLR溶胀值较高,交联密度较低。随着乳胶用量的增加,填充NR硫化胶的拉伸强度和交联密度逐渐降低,扯断生长率逐渐增加。DWLR/NR硫化胶的力学性能明显优于WLR/NR硫化胶,且鞘氨醇单胞菌脱硫的DWLR/NR的力学性能明显优于其它两种微生物脱硫的DWLR/NR硫化胶。     

氧化亚铁硫杆菌脱硫天然橡胶粉及其填充胶的性能

从铁矿土壤中分离出1株氧化亚铁硫杆菌,比较了其在不同Fe2+质量浓度的改进9 K培养基中的生长情况,确定最佳的天然橡胶胶粉加入时间为培养开始后的第30 h。利用氧化亚铁硫杆菌在较低Fe2+质量浓度的改进9 K培养基中进行脱硫实验,脱硫橡胶表面的傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线光电子能谱分析和培养液中SO42-的浓度变化都表明氧化亚铁硫杆菌是通过氧化硫黄的代谢途径来断裂橡胶中的硫黄交联键。用该脱硫胶粉填充天然橡胶硫化胶的力学性能有一定程度的提高;通过扫描电子显微镜可以看出脱硫胶粉与天然橡胶基质的界面结合较好,应力集中点较少,脆断面的断裂线均匀。     

用双螺杆挤出机脱硫制备再生胶的工艺及性能

利用改进的双螺杆挤出机对废旧轮胎橡胶胶粉进行剪切脱硫,讨论了螺杆转速和反应温度对脱硫效果及再生胶力学性能的影响,通过扫描电镜分析了胶粉脱硫前后形貌的变化及再生胶硫化试样的界面结合状况。结果表明,废旧轮胎橡胶胶粉的凝胶含量和交联密度随着螺杆转速和反应温度的升高明显下降,脱硫胶粉恢复了塑性,再生胶硫化试样的界面结合紧密。将螺杆转速控制在50～120 r/min、反应温度控制在190/180/170～210/190/200℃时脱硫效果最佳,此时再生胶的拉伸强度由未脱硫前的3.1 MPa提高到了12.4 MPa,扯断伸长率由75%提高到452%。     

排硫硫杆菌对天然橡胶胶粉脱硫效果的影响

从多处土壤中筛选培养了3株排硫硫杆菌(X 4、HB 062、HB 122),观察了其形貌,考察了天然橡胶(NR)胶粉的加入量对排硫硫杆菌生长的影响,通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和核磁交联密度仪分析了NR胶粉的脱硫效果,并研究了脱硫胶粉填充NR硫化胶的物理机械性能。结果表明,3株排硫硫杆菌均为杆状的化能自养菌;随着NR胶粉用量的增加,其对排硫硫杆菌的抑制作用加大,NR胶粉加入量宜为0.02 g/mL;排硫硫杆菌生物脱硫过程不破坏橡胶的主链,专一氧化C—S和S—S,使胶粉的交联密度降低,其中HB 122对NR胶粉的脱硫效果最显著;与用未接种的培养基处理的胶粉填充NR硫化胶相比,经排硫硫杆菌脱硫的胶粉填充NR硫化胶的邵尔A硬度略有提高,拉伸强度和300%定伸应力明显增大。     

Microbial desulfurization for NR ground rubber by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans

This study concentrated on microbial desulfurization for NR ground rubber by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans with sulfur oxidizing capacity. NR ground rubber was desulfurizated in the modified 9K medium during the cultivation of T. ferrooxidans. FTIR–ATR and XPS spectra and the increase of SO in the medium indicated that the main chains of the polymer were not broken by T. ferrooxidans, and S? S linkages on the surface of ground rubber were partly oxidized to sulfoxide and sulfone, and at last partly oxidized to SO. Cumulative sulfur convention of ground rubber was 16% (w/w), which means 16% of sulfur has been fully oxidized to SO after 20 days' incubation. A sulfur oxidative scheme was proposed to explain the microbial desulfurization by T. ferrooxidans. Physical properties were determined on carbon black enforced SBR vulcanizates compounded with desulfurizated ground rubber of 40 phr loading. Preferable tensile strength and elongation at break were obtained for SBR vulcanizates filled with desulfurizated ground rubber if compared with that one obtained using ground rubber without modification. Scanning electron microscope photographs and DMA results suggested good interface coherence between desulfurizated ground rubber and SBR matrix. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

氧化亚铁硫杆菌脱硫胎面胶粉/丁苯橡胶并用胶的性能研究

采用氧化亚铁硫杆菌对胎面胶粉(GTR)进行脱硫再生,将生物脱硫胎面胶粉(DGTR)与丁苯橡胶(SBR)共混制备DGTR/SBR并用胶,并对其性能进行研究。结果表明:从氧化亚铁硫杆菌与GTR共培养脱硫再生过程发现,氧化亚铁硫杆菌可以代谢硫化胶粉中的化合硫,脱硫后胶粉的溶胶质量分数增大;与GTR/SBR并用胶相比,DGTR/SBR并用胶的交联密度较小,物理性能显著提高;DGTR/SBR并用胶分子间的摩擦阻力减小,玻璃化温度降低;与GTR相比,DGTR与SBR的界面结合更好。     

Effect of diphenyldisulfides with different substituents on the reclamation of NR based latex products

The latex industry has expanded over the years to meet the world demands for gloves, condoms, latex thread etc. Because of the strict specifications for the products and the unstable nature of the latex, as high as 15% of the final latex products are rejected. Since waste latex rubber (WLR) represents a source of high quality rubber hydrocarbon, it is a potential candidate for generating reclaimed rubber of superior quality. Two types of WLR with different amounts of polysulfidic bridges are used in these experiments, which are reclaimed with variation of the concentration of the reclaiming agents, the reclamation temperature and time. Diphenyldisulfide, 2‐aminophenyldisulfide and 2,2′‐dibenzamidodiphenyldisulfide (DBADPDS) are used as reclaiming agents, and the effect of diphenyldisulfides (DPDS) with different substituents, on the reclamation efficiency of WLR is investigated. A kinetic study of the reclamation reaction with the three reclaiming agents is done. The reaction rates and activation energies are calculated and compared with literature values. The comparative study of the three different reclaiming agents shows that (DBADPDS) is able to break the crosslinks at temperature levels ～ 20°C below the temperature levels normally used with DPDS. Another advantage of this reclaiming agent is the reduced smell during the reclamation process and of the final reclaims, one of the most important shortcomings of other disulfides used for this purpose. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 3562–3580, 2007     

改性微晶纤维素的制备及其对填充丁苯橡胶性能的影响II 改性棉纤维素对填充丁苯橡胶性能的影响

研究了微晶纤维素(MCC)和改性微晶纤维素(MMCC)的用量对丁苯橡胶(SBR)硫化胶物理机械性能的影响,以及分别填充20phrMCC和MMCC的SBR复合材料的耐磨性和动态力学性能分析。结果表明,当MCC和MMCC的用量都为20phr时,硫化胶有最大的拉伸强度,分别为15.3MPa和19.0MPa;填充MMCC的SBR复合材料的磨耗体积比填充MCC的降低了41%;填充20phr的MCC和MMCC的SBR具有相似的玻璃化温度。     

Thermomechanical reclaiming of ground tire rubber via extrusion at low temperature: Efficiency and limits

Thermomechanical reclaiming of ground tire rubber (GTR) was performed at different temperatures (60, 120, and 180°C) using a co‐rotating twin‐screw extruder. Obtained samples were used in styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR) blends. As reference samples, SBR compounds containing untreated GTR were used. Curing characteristics, static and dynamic mechanical properties, and morphology of the obtained blends were determined. The results show that the increase of barrel temperature during the thermomechanical reclaiming of GTR has a positive effect on the decrease of screw torque (lower machine load) and decrease of Mooney viscosity (better processing characteristics). However, mechanical properties and crosslink density of rubber revulcanizate decreased with increasing barrel temperature during the reclaiming process. SBR blends with 50 phr of reclaimed rubber showed increasing phase compatibility between SBR matrix and the reclaimed rubber, which was confirmed by mechanical properties and morphology measurements. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 22:213–221, 2016. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers     

莫来石与沉淀法白炭黑填充丁苯橡胶复合材料的性能比较

在双辊开炼机中将未处理或用质量分数为3%的硅烷偶联剂A-189处理的莫来石粉体加入到丁苯橡胶(SBR)中制成复合材料.研究莫来石的加入量对SBR性能的影响,并与沉淀法白炭黑填充的SBR的性能进行了比较.结果表明,莫来石粉体对SBR表现出半增强特性;与沉淀法白炭黑填充的SBR相比,SBR/莫来石复合材料表现出良好的硫化特...     

酚硫化物/醇复合促进剂对废轮胎胶应力诱导脱硫反应的影响

在废轮胎胶(GTR)与三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)熔融挤出过程中添加多烷基苯酚二硫化物(简称420)或/和仲丁醇作为脱硫促进剂,考察了在不同螺杆转速和挤出反应温度下脱硫促进剂对GTR与EPDM脱硫共混物(DGTR/EPDM)凝胶含量和溶胶分子链结构的影响,研究了DGTR/EPDM/丁苯橡胶(SBR)再硫化胶的相态结构及物理...     

超声波振幅对轮胎胶粉超声脱硫工艺及性能的影响

以40目废旧轮胎胶粉为原料,采用超声脱硫工艺,使用超声同向旋转双螺杆挤出机制备了脱硫废旧轮胎胶粉（DGTR）,研究了超声波振幅对脱硫工艺过程中口型压力和功率消耗,DGTR的外观形貌、流变性能和硫化特性,以及DGTR硫化胶力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着超声波振幅的增加,DGTR的凝胶含量、黏度及储能模量逐渐降低,损耗因子逐渐增大;当超声波振幅为13 μm时,超声DGTR中交联键断裂数量最多,由此表明此时DGTR的脱硫程度最高。此外,随着超声波振幅的增加,DGTR硫化胶的拉伸强度逐渐降低,扯断伸长率逐渐增加。     

Accelerated aging of elastomeric composites with vulcanized ground scraps

The aim of this work is to study the effect of thermal aging on the mechanical, dynamic‐mechanical, and chemical properties of SBR (styrene‐butadiene rubber) composites filled with SBR industrial rubber scraps. Eight composites with varying proportions (10–80 phr) of the SBR ground scraps (SBR‐r) were prepared and subjected to accelerated aging in an air‐oven. The composites were evaluated, and the results were compared with a control sample (base formulation with 0 phr of SBR‐r), before and after thermal aging. The accelerated aging led to a decrease in the mechanical properties as a result of an increase in the stiffness of the material, related to an increase in the crosslink density. However, these properties were not affected by the addition of rubber scraps up to 50 phr, either before or after aging. The increase in the glass transition temperature of the composites after aging, measured using dynamic mechanical analysis, confirmed the occurrence of a postcrosslinking process. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and crosslink density revealed that the aging mechanism was dependent on the SBR‐r content. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011