基于正切函数非线性反馈的“育鹏”轮自动舵控制算法（英文）

自动舵是重要的航海仪器,对于船舶的安全航行有着重要作用。为了进一步改善自动舵的性能,本研究采用一阶闭环增益成形算法(PID)设计了具有鲁棒性的自动舵控制算法,并用正切函数非线性反馈技术代替线性反馈以提升自动舵的节能效果。以大连海事大学新交付使用的"育鹏"轮为例,开展仿真研究。结果表明模型参数改变25%控制效果良好,说明设计的自动舵算法具有良好的鲁棒性,与线性反馈相比,非线性反馈能节能7.9%。本文所提算法简单,物理意义明显,同时该控制算法也有助于船舶控制器设计的国产化。     

液压机械自动控制器的改进设计与实现

传统的液压机械自动控制器由于普遍采用PID算法来设计,因此大多数在鲁棒性方面存在缺陷。针对这个缺陷,综合国内外相关研究资料,对液压机械自动控制器的算法进行了改进,以H∞控制算法代替传统的PID算法设计了一个液压机械自动控制器,并对该控制器进行了仿真实验。实验结果表明:以H∞控制算法设计的液压机械自动控制器具有较强的鲁棒性,能够达到工程所要求的控制指标。     

一种新型的智能船舶自动舵设计

借鉴生物系统免疫调节机理,将一种模糊免疫PID控制器应用于改造船舶PID型航向自动舵.针对船舶航行过程中存在长时间扰动特点,在对现有的模糊免疫PID控制系统进行研究的基础上,给出适用于船舶航行的控制系统形式,并利用改进粒子群算法对系统控制器进行参数优化.仿真结果表明,通过对普通PID型自动舵进行简单的改造,就能形成具有跟随船舶动态特性变化自动进行适应性调节的新型船舶自动舵,且跟踪速度、航向超调以及抗扰性指标都较传统自动舵有显著提升.     

汽车主动悬架非线性振动的VOFB控制

提出了一种应用于汽车主动悬架非线性振动主动控制的新型鲁棒自适应控制算法——VOFB算法(Variable-structure-control output feedback backstepping),并证明了稳定性, 还进行了仿真验证。引入了一个非线性滤波器,简化了设计,设计了一输出反馈观测器,最后将变结构控制的设计方法引入Backstepping控制器设计,得到了对系统扰动的鲁棒性。     

基于ARM的自适应PID控制器的设计

设计了基于ARM的自适应PID控制器,采用改进后的单神经元PID控制算法,该控制算法具有良好的自适应能力,对线性、非线性、滞后的系统都有较好的控制效果。并通过VB6．0编程,以良好的人机交互界面实现了控制参数的在线调整。     

工业串联非线性系统无模型自适应控制

针对实际工业生产过程中存在的大量串联非线性系统,提出了一种基于紧格式线性化的串联非线性系统无模型自适应控制算法.该算法无需建立被控对象数学模型,仅用输入输出数据来设计控制器,有效避免了非建模动态问题.仿真结果表明该算法具有较强的跟踪性能和鲁棒性.     

湿度专家控制系统的设计与实现

针对湿度控制,设计了一套基于新型单片机AVR为主控制芯片,液晶屏为监控显示单元的自动控制系统,通过对湿度受控对象非线性、时滞性等的特性分析,研制基于专家控制的湿度控制算法,取得了良好的效果.实际应用结果表明:系统运行平稳,人机界面友好,算法通用性强,控制精度高,具有一定的推广价值.     

一种简单的鲁棒控制器的设计

当今大部分船舶航向保持器的设计都采用Nomoto线性模型,忽略了船舶操纵运动的非线性因素,未能彻底解决船舶的航向控制问题.选择状态反馈精确线性化方法,将响应型船舶运动的非线性数学模型进行线性化,再利用鲁棒控制器进行控制,然后在Matlab的Simulink下进行系统仿真.仿真结果表明,所设计的控制器具有良好的控制能力.     

步进电机驱动系统模糊PID仿真分析

步进电机驱动螺母螺杆机构实现叉车离合器的自动离合,采用优化控制算法以达到离合器快速起动和精准定位的理想效果。针对该驱动系统存在非线性、参数不确定性的特点,建立整个系统的传递函数数学模型,采用模糊自整定PID算法,并用MATLAB进行仿真研究。结果表明:模糊自整定PID较常规PID具有更优的鲁棒性和自适应性,突破了需要编制大量程序的传统方法,用模糊推理的方法可在动态过程中改变PID的参数,该算法为叉车实现自动离合提供了一定的理论依据。     

关于最近邻聚类的RBF网络自整定PID控制算法的研究

针对采用传统PID控制一类非线性滞后系统难以获得满意的控制效果,提出基于RBF神经网络的PID控制参数自整定的方法.利用具有在线能力的最近邻聚类学习算法,训练RBF神经网络.并引入优化策略对聚类半径进行自动调整,以保证聚类的合理性,从而自适应调整系统的控制参数.仿真结果证明了该控制策略不仅能使非线性滞后系统具有良好的动态跟踪性能,而且具有很好的抗干扰能力和鲁棒性.     

Robust discrete time tracking control using sliding surfaces

This paper deals with the robustness issues associated with the feedforward tracking control with respect to unmodeled plant uncertainties. Based on the Diophantine equation, a new discrete time sliding functions has been defined and utilized for the robust feedforward tracking control law. The robustness is achieved by using a sliding function-based nonlinear feedback. As for model/plant mismatches the plant order uncertainty and parameter uncertainty are taken into account for robustness analysis. Noncircular machining has been adopted as an application example of this algorithm. Through computer simulation it has been shown that the robust discrete time tracking control is effective for unmodeled plant uncertainties.     

Model-based adaptive sliding mode control of the subcritical boiler-turbine system with uncertainties

As higher requirements are proposed for the load regulation and efficiency enhancement, the control performance of boiler-turbine systems has become much more important. In this paper, a novel robust control approach is proposed to improve the coordinated control performance for subcritical boiler-turbine units. To capture the key features of the boiler-turbine system, a nonlinear control-oriented model is established and validated with the history operation data of a 300 MW unit. To achieve system linearization and decoupling, an adaptive feedback linearization strategy is proposed, which could asymptotically eliminate the linearization error caused by the model uncertainties. Based on the linearized boiler-turbine system, a second-order sliding mode controller is designed with the super-twisting algorithm. Moreover, the closed-loop system is proved robustly stable with respect to uncertainties and disturbances. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme, which achieves excellent tracking performance, strong robustness and chattering reduction.     

基于ARM的数字式自动舵设计

针对我国的自动操舵仪长期以来都是采用模拟技术设计的问题,介绍了一种以ARM为核心的数字式自动舵的模块化设计方法及相应实验结果。首先介绍了船舶运动控制的野本模型,分析了系统的控制原理,然后根据系统结构框图设计了各功能模块和程序流程图。系统的软硬件均采用模块化设计,自动航向控制策略采用PID控制。系统具有电子罗盘、电罗经、GPS等多种导航信号接口,具有手动、随动、自动等多种控制模式,预留了多种通讯接口,可方便地与其它设备连接。实验结果表明,该设计方案可行。     

Robust covariance control for discrete system by Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy controllers

Variances of the system states or outputs often play vital roles in the problem for performance requirements of many stochastic control systems. For linear stochastic systems, the covariance control technique has been applied to deal with the variance constrained design problem. This paper extends this technique to a class of discrete-time nonlinear perturbed stochastic systems, which are modeled by the Takagi-Sugeno (TS) fuzzy systems. By fuzzy IF-THEN rules, which represent local linear input-output relations, the nonlinear systems can be described by TS fuzzy models. According to the parallel distributed compensation (PDC) concept, the discrete-time nonlinear perturbed stochastic systems can be driven by the linear feedback gains. The purpose of this paper is to provide a method to design an output feedback fuzzy controller, which is based on the upper bound state covariance control technique and PDC concept, for the discrete-time perturbed stochastic systems using TS fuzzy models.     

基于状态反馈线性化的阀控非对称缸系统模型预测控制

针对使用PID方法对阀控非对称液压缸位置控制中出现的超调问题,以及传统非线性模型预测控制优化求解计算时间较长的问题,提出了一种基于状态反馈线性化的阀控非对称缸模型预测控制方案。首先建立了阀控系统状态空间模型,运用微分几何理论讨论系统可反馈线性化的充要条件,并将非线性系统映射为新坐标空间内的线性系统模型;设计了反馈线性化模型预测控制器(Feedback Linearization Model Predictive Controller, FLMPC),讨论了线性系统下的约束问题,其中由于系统仿真预测时域远小于系统响应时间,对模型预测控制的损失函数加以修正。结果证明,在相同输入情况下,反馈线性化系统与原系统的位置误差满足控制需要,且在保证被控对象快速稳定控制的条件下,对比该算法与非线性模型预测控制的单步计算时间,证明该算法能够缩短计算时间。     

神经网络PID的无人动力伞偏航控制研究

对于具有非线性、时变和强耦合特性的动力伞系统,采用常规控制方法难以获得满意的控制效果,而采用神经网络与传统PID相结合作为控制器,使得所设计控制器能够针对非线性、时变的气动特性自适应地调整控制参数,实现对PID控制器参数的寻优整定,简化了设计过程。利用Matlab软件对系统进行仿真,给出了相应的仿真结果。     

Robust tracking of robot manipulator with nonlinear friction using time delay control with gradient estimator

We propose an enhanced controller to improve the robustness of Time Delay Control (TDC) for a robot manipulator in the presence of nonlinear friction, such as Coulomb friction. The problem of TDC is first analyzed with TDC as a trajectory control for a robot manipulator in the presence of nonlinear friction. Gradient estimation is used to solve this problem. The proposed controller is called TDC with Gradient Estimator (TDCGE). Comparing with a prior research to improve the robustness of TDC, named TDCSA, the TDCGE is much simpler to design. Through 1 DOF linear motor experiment, it is verified that the TDCGE is more robust against nonlinear friction than TDC and the TDCGE has a similar robustness to the TDCSA. In addition, it is confirmed that the TDCGE is easily implemented in the multi degree-of-freedom robot manipulator through a 3 DOF spatial robot manipulator experiment.     

基于灰色预测的永磁同步电动机速度控制

本文针对永磁同步电动机非线性动态数学模型，采用直接反馈线性化控制，建立了闭环系统的输入-输出模型，通过线性化模型来设计控制器，该方法简单适用；同时，为了克服此反馈线性化控制对模型要求精确化这一不足，提出了基于灰色理论的不确定预测器，它能在线预测永磁同步电机的不确定因素并相应的调整反馈线性化控制法则，从而提高了系统的动态性能。仿真与实验结果表明，该方法对永磁同步电机速度控制具有很好的跟踪性能和鲁棒性能。     

A double-loop structure in the adaptive generalized predictive control algorithm for control of robot end-point contact force

Robot force control is an essential issue in robotic intelligence. There is much high uncertainty when robot end-effector contacts with the environment. Because of the environment stiffness effects on the system of the robot end-effector contact with environment, the adaptive generalized predictive control algorithm based on quantitative feedback theory is designed for robot end-point contact force system. The controller of the internal loop is designed on the foundation of QFT to control the uncertainty of the system. An adaptive GPC algorithm is used to design external loop controller to improve the performance and the robustness of the system. Two closed loops used in the design approach realize the system?s performance and improve the robustness. The simulation results show that the algorithm of the robot end-effector contacting force control system is effective.     

1000 t惯性摩擦焊液压多缸同步控制策略研究

针对大吨位惯性摩擦焊机多缸液压顶锻系统强干扰、强非线性的特点,面向多缸系统同步性能的高精度、强抗干扰的要求,基于自行设计的一套具有位置反馈的三缸液压顶锻系统,建立了阀控缸系统以及位置反馈同步系统的动态响应数学模型,并且提出了以伺服阀控液压系统为基础,在偏差耦合控制方式下采用模糊PID对控制参数进行优化的多缸同步控制策略。在MATLAB Simulink中对该控制算法进行仿真研究,并与传统PID控制算法进行对比。结果表明,所设计的控制策略实现了千吨级负载下多缸系统同步误差小于0.05 mm的稳定输出,具有较好的鲁棒性和较高的同步控制精度,为国产大吨位惯性摩擦焊机液压伺服系统提供设计参考。