共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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M.A. Sentandreu S. Stoeva M.C. Aristoy K. Laib W. Voelter E. Toldrá 《Journal of food science》2003,68(1):64-69
ABSTRACT: A water‐soluble extract of dry‐cured ham was fractionated by gel filtration chromatography. Collected fractions (below 1200 Da) were sensory‐analyzed and subjected to amino acid analysis with and without previous acid hydrolysis, in order to determine the amino acid and peptide distribution. Those fractions with the highest peptide amount were further separated by reverse‐phase and cation‐exchange high‐performance liquid chromatography in order to isolate the peptides and sequence them. The results demonstrated the presence of small peptides, mainly dipeptides. The combination of these peptides and free amino acids may contribute to the characteristic taste in the savory fractions of dry‐cured ham. 相似文献
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Raquel Reina José Sánchez del Pulgar Jorge Tovar Pascual López‐Buesa Carmen García 《Journal of food science》2013,78(8):S1282-S1289
The physicochemical and sensory properties of 30 dry‐cured hams and 30 dry‐cured shoulders were analyzed to determine the relationships between them. The variables used to characterize both products were: compositional parameters, instrumental texture, amino acid and fatty acid composition, and sensory profile. Despite being products from the same animal and composed mainly of fat, lean, and bone, their morphological differences determine the conditions of the processing time, which produced differences between products in most of the parameters evaluated. Dry‐cured shoulders showed lower moisture content and greater instrumental hardness due to their morphology and muscular structure. Besides, these samples showed lower amino acid content according to the shorter ripening time. For the same reason, the dry‐cured hams showed higher moisture content, lower instrumental hardness, and higher amino acid content. However, the differences in the muscular structure did not affect the sensory characteristics, which were more related with some compositional parameters, such as chloride, moisture, and amino acid content and with the length of the curing process. 相似文献
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Ana del Olmo Javier Calzada Pilar Gaya Manuel Nuñez 《Journal of food science》2015,80(11):C2404-C2412
Physicochemical, proteolysis and sensory characteristics of Serrano hams processed under low, medium and high ripening temperature conditions (RTC), with respective average temperatures of 9.3, 14.3, and 19.1 °C, were determined throughout a 15‐mo period. In addition, quantitative relationships among variables were calculated. Medium and high RTC hams showed lower moisture contents and lower levels of low‐ and high‐ionic‐strength soluble proteins than low RTC hams. At 15 mo, aldolase was the most abundant low‐ionic‐strength soluble protein and actin the most abundant high‐ionic‐strength soluble protein in all hams while creatine kinase was no longer detected and H‐meromyosin was detected only in low and medium RTC hams. Levels of all the molecular‐weight peptide fractions increased during ripening, with higher factors of increase for the fractions of lower molecular weight. Total free amino acids were at significantly higher concentrations in medium and high RTC hams than in low RTC hams from month 7 onwards. The correlations of flavor preference and flavor intensity with ripening time, thermal integral, total free amino acids and most individual free amino acids were highly significant, while raw‐meat taste was negatively correlated with all those variables. From month 5 to month 9 of ripening, development of a high quality flavor evolved more rapidly in medium RTC hams, flavor intensity increased at a faster rate in high RTC hams and raw‐meat taste declined more rapidly in medium and high RTC hams. Medium and high RTC may be applied to accelerate the ripening process of Serrano ham without impairing flavor preference. 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: Pastirma is a dry‐cured and semi‐fermented meat product, produced from whole beef or water buffalo muscles. Sixteen to twenty different types of pastirma can be produced from a carcass, and each pastirma type has a different name, shape and quality characteristics. The objective of this study was to determine the free amino acid (FAA) composition, pH and moisture values of ‘s?rt’, ‘bohca’ and ‘sekerpare’ pastirma. RESULTS: Significant differences were determined among the pastirma types in glutamic acid (P < 0.05), threonine (P < 0.05), arginine (P < 0.05), alanine (P < 0.01), methionine (P < 0.01), tryptophan (P < 0.05), proline (P < 0.01) and valine (P < 0.01). Threonine, methionine and valine were higher in s?rt pastirma than the others; glutamic acid, arginine and tryptophan were higher in sekerpare pastirma. The predominant FAA in the all pastirma samples was alanine, while the lowest was asparagine. The highest mean pH was in s?rt pastirma, and the lowest mean pH in bohca pastirma. There was no significant difference in mean moisture values among pastirma types. CONCLUSION: Significant differences were determined among pastirma types in some FAA. Analysis results indicated that quality and nutritional properties for different pastirma types are different. The most advantageous pastirma types in terms of FAA were bohca and s?rt, which contain the highest quantity of threonine, methionine and valine. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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María L Timn Lourdes Martín María J Petrn ngela Jurado Carmen García 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2002,82(2):186-191
The triacylglycerol and free fatty acid composition and volatile profile of subcutaneous fat of three batches of dry‐cured lberian hams from pigs fed in an extensive system based on acorn and pasture (‘montanera’: MONT) or in confinement with a control diet (FEED) or a 100 mg α‐tocopheryl acetate kg?1 enriched diet (VITE) were investigated. Triacylglycerol of subcutaneous fat of hams from pigs fed on acorn and pasture (MONT) was more unsaturated, with larger percentages of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, than triacylglycerol of subcutaneous fat of hams from pigs fed on concentrate feeds (FEED and VITE). However, the trend of oxidative processes was quite similar in the groups that contained antioxidants (‘montanera’ and α‐tocopherol supplementation); namely, the highest volatile contents were found in subcutaneous fat of hams from pigs fed on acorn and pasture, while α‐tocopherol supplementation gave rise to a different profile of volatile compounds in comparison with the control diet. Therefore antioxidant presence could contribute to a high intensity and quality of aroma of these hams. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Marta Garcia‐Esteban Diana Ansorena Iciar Astiasaran Diana Martin Jorge Ruiz 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2004,84(11):1364-1370
Simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE) and solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) using a carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane fibre were compared for their effectiveness in the extraction of volatile compounds from dry‐cured ham samples. A higher number of compounds was detected using SPME owing to the use of a solvent delay time in the GC‐MS analysis of SDE extracts. SPME was more efficient in extracting low molecular weight and high volatility compounds, while SDE was able to extract compounds with low volatilities that were not extracted using SPME. Both techniques satisfactorily extracted most volatiles previously highlighted as odour‐active compounds in dry‐cured ham. However, the ratio between some compounds from lipid oxidation and those from degradation of amino acids was much lower in SDE extracts than with SPME, which could be a consequence of the development of Strecker degradation of amino acids during distillation in SDE owing to the high temperatures used. Similarly, diunsaturated aldehydes detected in SDE extracts were absent using SPME, probably owing to oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in SDE as a consequence of the temperature during extraction. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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以云南撒坝火腿为原料,利用氨基酸自动分析仪检测腌制4月到9月股骨与髋骨之间偏腿背侧肌肉游离氨基酸的变化。结果表明肌肉中的游离氨基酸在成熟期间呈现出先增后降的趋势。腌制到7月时各种游离氨基酸含量最大,占同时期产品质量的5.39%,此阶段含量较高的游离氨基酸分别为Glu、Lys、Ala和Ieu,较低的分别为Met、Tyr、His、Asp。整个成熟期间,含量较高的的氨基酸Glu、Lys、Ala、Lys,含量较低的氨基酸是Cys、Pro、Tyr、Arg。不同的游离氨基酸含量可能使干腌火腿产生不同的风味。 相似文献
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Dan Qiu Ruiqing Gan Qiaohui Feng Wenting Shang Yanfu He Chuan Li Xuanri Shen Yongcheng Li 《Journal of food science》2024,89(3):1554-1566
The Maillard reaction (MR) of tilapia byproduct protein hydrolysates was investigated for the use of byproduct protein as a food ingredient and to mask its fishy odor and bitter flavor. The flavor differences in tilapia byproduct hydrolysates before and after the MR were analyzed to explore the key flavor precursor peptides and amino acids involved in MR. The results suggested that eight key volatile substances, including 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2-pentylfuran, hexanal, octanal, nonanal, (E)-2-decenal, decanal, and 1-octen-3-ol contributed most to the MR products group (ROAV > 1). Ten volatile compounds, including 1-octen-3-ol, hexanal, 2-pentylfuran, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, methyl decanoate, and 2-octylfuran, were the flavor markers that distinguished the different samples (VIP > 1). The four most consumed peptides were VAPEEHPTL, GPIGPRGPAG, KSADDIKKAF, and VWEGQNIVK. Umami peptides and bitter free amino acids (FAAs) were the key flavor precursor peptide and FAAs, respectively. Overall, the hydrolysates of tilapia byproducts with flavor improved by MR are a promising strategy for the production of flavorings. 相似文献
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为比较不同产地干腌火腿微生物多样性对风味的影响,对3种火腿（金华、宣威和如皋火腿）中的游离氨基酸、挥发性风味物质及微生物群落结构进行比较分析。结果表明,金华火腿中鲜味和甜味氨基酸含量显著高于宣威火腿（P＜0.05）,风味物质中壬醛和苯甲醛的含量高于宣威火腿,己醛含量低于宣威火腿;金华火腿中优势微生物为葡萄球菌属和四联球菌属,如皋火腿中科贝特氏菌属和宣威火腿中盐单胞菌属相对丰度高于金华火腿。葡萄球菌属与谷氨酸、蛋氨酸等游离氨基酸的产生呈显著正相关（P＜0.05）、且葡萄球菌属和四联球菌属有利于壬醛和苯甲醛等风味物质的产生,盐单胞菌属与己醛含量的变化呈正相关。该研究阐明了3种火腿中微生物菌群结构差异以及与风味相关的主要微生物,为后续筛选功能微生物与提升火腿品质提供理论基础。 相似文献
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新疆特色酸凝奶酪成熟过程中产生的非挥发性风味物质研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
非挥发性风味物质对奶酪的口味有重要影响,文中对酸凝奶酪成熟过程中非挥发性风味物质含量的变化进行了研究,结果表明:随着奶酪成熟时间的延长有机酸总量和各种有机酸含量变化差异极显著(P<0.01),主要有机酸乳酸含量最高达到10.75 mg/g;各种游离氨基酸含量处于动态变化过程,总游离氨基酸含量变化显著(P<0.05),缬氨酸和亮氨酸是优势氨基酸,最大含量为35.19 mg/100 g和27.06 mg/100 g;游离脂肪酸总量变化差异极显著(P<0.01)。随着成熟时间的延长,奶酪的营养价值更高,口味更浓郁。 相似文献
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Jianhao Zhang Zongyuan Zhen Wangang Zhang Tao Zeng Guanghong Zhou 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2009,89(5):834-842
BACKGROUND: The flavor quality of dry‐cured ham comes from proteolysis, lipolysis and lipid oxidation, Maillard reaction and Strecker amino acid degradation. Intense proteolysis, lipolysis and lipid oxidation make major contributions to flavor development of dry‐cured ham. Increasing the temperature in fermenting and ripening could promote these reactions and accelerate flavor development in dry‐cured hams. The specific aroma flavor of Jinhua ham is developed only during long‐time high‐temperature ripening in July and August. Our objective was to effectively shorten the process time by intense high‐temperature ripening based on the flavor and quality features of traditional Jinhua ham. RESULTS: Muscle dehydration rate of 80‐day ripened hams (29.43 ± 1.16%) was higher than that of the traditional process (P < 0.05). The total free fatty acids in ripened hams of 45–80 days were all higher than that of traditional hams (P < 0.05) and the level of TBARS was significantly lower (P < 0.01). The flavor profile of modern‐processed hams was different from that of the traditional Jinhua ham. The contents of carboxylic acids and aldehydes were obviously higher than those of the traditional products (P < 0.05). The results of organoleptic evaluation for flavor and quality showed that 80‐day ripened hams reached the first‐grade level of traditional Jinhua ham. CONCLUSION: Long‐time (25–30 days) intensifying high‐temperature ripening (35–37 °C) could accelerate the proteolysis, lipolysis, lipids oxidation, flavor development and effectively shorten the process time based on the traditional flavor and quality features of dry‐cured ham. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the intensity of smoking treatment on the evolution of free amino acids (FAAs) of dry cured ham during processing. The correlation between FAAs and biogenic amines (BAs) content was also investigated as well as its effect on the perception of some sensory characteristics of ripened hams. 相似文献
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Lipolysis, lipid peroxidation, and colorimetric characteristics of Serrano hams from Duroc and Large White pigs along a 15‐mo curing period were investigated. Physicochemical parameters of both types of hams evolved similarly during curing. Twelve of 13 free fatty acids (FFAs) increased during curing, eicosatrienoic acid being the only exception. Linoleic, stearic, and arachidonic acids and the minor heptadecanoic acid reached lower concentrations, and the rest of minor FFAs higher concentrations, in Duroc hams than in Large White hams. The index measuring the early stage of lipid peroxidation declined from month 5 onwards, indicating that the phenomenon had been completed by month 5, while the index of the secondary stage of lipid peroxidation increased with curing time. Higher values were found for the 1st index in Duroc hams. Curing affected color parameters. Lightness decreased and redness increased in both types of hams, while yellowness decreased only in Duroc hams. Lower redness values were found for Duroc hams. Major differences in color parameters were found between muscles. Principal components analysis of FFAs yielded 2 main principal components. The 1st factor, correlated with all FFAs excepting eicosatrienoic acid, allowed discrimination between curing times. The 2nd factor, correlated with eicosatrienoic acid, permitted discrimination between breeds. 相似文献
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采用正交试验探讨了微生物菌种、风速、相对湿度、风干时间、温度对风鸭风味及游离氨基酸产生的影响 .结果表明 ,这些因素对风鸭风味及游离氨基酸产生均有显著的影响 .其最佳风干条件为 ,菌种 :乳酸链球菌 +丁二酮链球菌 +微球菌 ;风速 :5m/s;相对湿度 :68% ;风干时间 :75h ;温度 :1 6℃ . 相似文献
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María Pia Gianelli Mnica Flores Fidel Toldr 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2002,82(14):1703-1709
Solid phase microextraction (SPME) has been shown to be an effective tool for analysing volatile compounds. The aim of this study was to optimise the conditions for the application of SPME in the analysis of volatile compounds in dry‐cured ham. The effects of exposure time and fibre coating were investigated while maintaining the dry‐cured ham at 30 °C to avoid artefact generation due to possible temperature effects. A divinylbenzene/Carboxen on polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS) coating showed the best extraction performance for medium‐ and high‐molecular‐weight analytes, whilst a Carboxen on polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS) coating gave the best results for low‐molecular‐weight compounds. A total of 70 different compounds were extracted by the two fibre coatings and identified. Sixty compounds were extracted by the DVB/CAR/PDMS fibre, whilst only 41 of these were found with the CAR/PDMS fibre. On the other hand, 10 additional volatile compounds were extracted by the CAR/PDMS coating, all of them being of low molecular weight. Two of the major compounds extracted, hexanal and 2‐pentanone, were found in high proportion in both fibre coatings. The extraction yields of dry‐cured ham volatile compounds varied according to the fibre coating used and the time of exposure. Therefore extraction conditions should be selected depending on the objective of the study. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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为研究添加不同益生元发酵对酸奶游离氨基酸及风味的影响,以用低聚木糖、低聚异麦芽糖、低聚半乳糖、蔗糖发酵的酸奶为研究对象,在利用乳品综合成分指标分析仪检测蛋白质含量、脂肪含量、非脂乳固体含量等基本营养成分的基础上,利用电子舌技术、高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术对游离氨基酸进行检测,并结合味道强度值、主成分分析法、相关性分析、氨基酸评分进行综合评价。结果表明,添加不同益生元酸奶的蛋白质、脂肪、总固形物、非脂乳固体含量均符合国家标准;各组分间除酸味外,其他风味差异较小,酸味大小依次为：低聚木糖＜低聚半乳糖＜低聚异麦芽糖＜对照组;添加益生元发酵酸奶中共检测出17 种游离氨基酸,添加低聚木糖酸奶中总游离氨基酸含量为119.31 mg/g,显著高于其他益生元添加组及对照组,且对照组中总游离氨基酸含量为112.49 mg/g,显著高于低聚半乳糖中的79.48 mg/g,但与低聚异麦芽糖中的108.93 mg/g差异不大;低聚木糖组甜味、鲜味、苦味氨基酸含量显著高于对照组及其他实验组,对照组甜味与苦味氨基酸含量高于低聚异麦芽糖及低聚半乳糖组,低聚半乳糖组各呈味氨基酸含量均最低;各组分氨基酸模式评分值大多数高于氨基酸模式标准值。综合来看,并非全部益生元均会对酸奶发酵产生正向影响,添加低聚木糖酸奶中游离氨基酸含量最高且风味较好。这为益生元酸奶的工业生产过程中基本营养成分及风味调控提供参考。 相似文献
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Different assays were tested for the detection of proteolytic activity in both Pediococcus pentosaceus and Staphylococcus xylosus, two major microorganisms isolated from dry-cured ham. Absence of endopeptidase activity was found even when using raw sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar proteins. However, P. pentosaceus showed strong leucine and valine arylamidase activities while St. xylosus showed a very weak leucine arylamidase activity. 相似文献