常温远红外陶瓷粉和远红外日用陶瓷的研究

远红外日用陶瓷不仅对食物、饲料、水有活化作用，加速酒的发酵和成熟，而且对人体还具有保健功能。本研究采用液相法制备出纳米远红外陶瓷粉，把远红外陶瓷粉按适当比例掺入普通陶瓷釉浆中，制成常温下具有高效发射锭红外线功能的日用陶瓷产品。如瓷碗、盘、茶杯、酒具等。脸用XRD分析其物相和SEM观察其显微结构、结果表明，当远红外陶瓷粉在基釉中的添加量为10wt％时，可提高日用陶瓷釉面的光泽度和显微硬度，且釉面质量优良。经中国计量科学研究院测试，远红外陶瓷粉的法向全辐射发射率94％，远红外日用陶瓷的法向全辐射发射率达到83％以上。     

化学共沉淀法制备铬锡红色料的研究

采用化学共沉淀法制备了铬锡红色料，结果表明，加入量为１５％氟化钠作为矿化剂的试样在１０００℃开始呈现美丽的玛瑙红色，到１３００℃合成出高品位、高温稳定的铬锡红色料。化学共沉淀法与固相合成法相比，其呈色更好，粒度分布范围更窄，关键在于改善由顺序沉淀引起的组分偏析。     

溶胶凝胶法合成镨、钕硅酸锆色料的研究

采用溶胶 -凝胶法成功地制备了镨黄、钕紫色料 ,对不同的矿化剂 ,在不同的温度合成的色料进行了XRD、XPS、分光反射率和颗粒度的测试。结果表明 :和固相合成法相比 ,采用溶胶 -凝胶法合成的试样 ,其呈色更好 ,粒度分布更窄。     

液相法在陶瓷粉体合成中的应用

液相法制备的陶瓷粉体纯度、粒度、微观形貌可控,均匀性好,并且可实现颗粒在分子级别上的复合、均化,是陶瓷粉体合成及批量化生产的重要方法.总结了目前常用的几种液相法:共沉淀法、溶胶凝胶法、喷雾干燥法、喷雾热分解法等在陶瓷粉体制备方面的研究进展,并对液相法的未来发展进行了展望.     

合成方法对堇青石的结构和红外辐射性能的影响

分析采用液相和固相制备方法合成堇青石粉料，利用XRD，TG－DTA，SEM和红外辐射测试等研究方法研究了合成样品的结构和红外辐射性能。结果表明，两种方法合成的堇青石在室温下的法向全波段红外辐射率均达到0．84以上，而且液相合成样品的红外辐射率高于固相样品，这可归于合成粉料颗粒形态对红外辐射性能的影响。     

钛酸钡生产中四氯化钛稀溶液的分析

一、钛酸钡概况钛酸钡是电子陶瓷生产中不可缺少的基料,它的纯度细度对电子陶瓷产品性能的影响正受到极大的重视。目前生产钛酸钡的方法很多,有固相合成法、气相合成法、醇盐法及化学液相共沉淀法。其中用草酸作为沉淀剂的化学液相共沉淀制备钛酸钡的工艺较为先进,所制钛酸钡纯度高达99.5％,钡钛摩尔数之比接近1,粉体平均粒径小于0.02     

超细镁铝尖晶石粉体制备及表征

在实验室条件下分别进行了溶胶-凝胶法、凝胶-沉淀法和固相合成法实验,制备了不同粒度的镁铝尖晶石超细粉体,并对其进行了XRD分析,发现其相组成单一,纯度较高.经过激光粒度分析仪测得凝胶-沉淀法和固相合成法制得的粉体平均粒径分别为505和1780 nm,且分布比较均匀.通过SEM发现溶胶-凝胶法一次粒子为纳米级,团聚比较严重,在1000℃的最佳焙烧温度下可以获得比较完全的尖晶石相和团聚现象不很明显的镁铝尖晶石粉体.     

Y2O3掺杂对Mg0.8Mn0.2Fe2O4结构及红外性能的影响

采用常规固相合成法制备Y2O3掺杂的尖晶石型Mg0.8Mn0.2Fe2O4(MMF)红外辐射材料,借助于X射线衍射、红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜和红外发射率测试,研究了y3+掺杂对材料的微观结构及红外辐射性能的影响.当Y2O3掺杂量为0.6％(质量分数)时,镁锰铁氧体性能最优,在3～5 μm和8～12 μm波段的红外发射率分别达到0.869和0.948.     

巯基乙酸修饰ZnS纳米颗粒的水相合成及表征

以巯基乙酸(HSCH2COOH, RSH)为表面修饰剂,采用水相合成法制备了表面修饰巯基乙酸的ZnS纳米颗粒. 采用透射电子显微镜、粒度分布、X射线衍射和红外光谱等对ZnS纳米颗粒进行了表征,并对ZnS纳米粒子的制备条件进行了详细的考察. 结果表明,水相合成法的最佳制备条件为：反应pH值8.0, Zn2+:S2-:RSH(摩尔浓度比)为1:1.34:2. 在最佳条件下可制备粒径小(11 nm)且粒度分布窄、分散性好的ZnS纳米粒子,其晶体属面心立方b-闪锌矿结构.     

CZP陶瓷的烧结特性与抗热冲击性能

采用固相合成法制备CaZr4（PO4）6（calcium zirconium phosphate,CZP）陶瓷粉体。研究添加剂对CZP陶瓷烧结特性和热膨胀系数的影响以及CZP陶瓷的抗热冲击性能。通过X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜分析、热膨胀法和Archimedes排水法分别表征CZP陶瓷的晶体结构、微观形貌、热膨胀系数和体积...     

Characterization and composition evolution of multiple-phase nanoscaled ceramic powders produced by laser ablation

Nanosized ceramic powder was prepared by laser ablation under different atmospheres using a ceramic target composed of ZrO₂, TiO₂, ZnO and Al₂O₃. Physical characteristics and microstructure of nanoparticles, including particle morphology, phase transformation, powder compositions and far-infrared emissivity, have been investigated. The laser-ablated nanoparticles exhibit two kinds of particle size distribution with 7-15 (70-90%) and 40-100 nm (10-30%). Nanoparticles synthesized at lower laser fluences show poor crystallinity but rich Zn composition. While increasing laser fluence, better crystalline nanoparticles with rich Zr composition were obtained. It was found that both composition and morphology of nanoparticles change with laser fluence. The average far-infrared emissivity of the nanoparticles varies with crystallinity of nanoparticles.     

The microstructure and thermal conductivity of porous β-SiAlON ceramics fabricated by pressureless sintering with Y-α-SiAlON as the sintering additive

Porous β-SiAlON ceramics are fabricated by pressureless sintering with Y-α-SiAlON ceramic powders obtained by the combustion synthesis method as the main additives. The microstructure and composition of porous β-SiAlON ceramics are tailored by changing the addition of the synthesized Y-α-SiAlON ceramic powders. The formation mechanism of porous β-SiAlON ceramics illustrates that their bimodal grain size distributions are determined by the β-SiAlON seed crystals which are derived from the starting synthesized powders and the first precipitates in the liquid phase, respectively. A small addition of Y-α-SiAlON is conducive to the reduction of the thermal conductivity of porous β-SiAlON ceramics. Furthermore, the higher the addition of Y-α-SiAlON ceramics powders, the lower the open porosity, columnar grain size, and dielectric loss, but the larger the density, flexural strength, dielectric constant, and thermal conductivity.     

远红外日用陶瓷釉的研究

通过在普通日用陶瓷釉中掺入远红外陶瓷粉,研究了远红外陶瓷粉对釉面质量(白度、光泽度、显微硬度)及远红外陶瓷釉辐射率的影响,探讨了不同分散剂对远红外陶瓷粉在基釉中的分散情况及其对陶瓷釉显微结构的影响。制备出了符合国家日用瓷质量标准、且具有高的远红外辐射性能的远红外日用陶瓷釉。     

液相法制备BZP族磷酸盐陶瓷粉体分散性研究

用共沉淀法合成了单相的BaZr4(PO4) 6粉体 ,研究了两种不同的分散方法制得的BZP粉体的粒度分布及其烧结体的力学性能。结果表明 :与用有机高分子分散剂PEG改性处理相比较 ,采用低分子有机溶剂分散处理所制得的BZP粉体具有较窄的粒度分布 ,平均粒径 1 6 μm～ 1 8μm ,在同样的烧结条件下 ,烧结体的抗压强度也明显优于前者。另外 ,在液相反应中控制pH =7～ 1 1 ,可有效防止反过程中团聚体的形成     

复合抗菌粉体材料的制备与应用研究

采用液相法制备纳米磷酸锆载银、纳米二氧化钛、纳米远红外线粉和超细沸石载银微粉 ,将它们按一定比例混合制成适合添加到陶瓷中的纳米复合抗菌粉体材料。实验结果表明 ,该复合抗菌粉体颗粒平均粒径小于10 0纳米 ,具有广谱、高效、持久的抗菌功能和无毒无刺激性。添加复合抗菌粉制备的抗菌日用瓷的理化性能均达到国家日用瓷质量标准的要求     

超细钛酸锶系列功能材料的制备技术及进展

钛酸锶(SrTiO3)陶瓷是一种新兴的多功能电子陶瓷材料，由于其优异的电学性能而在很多领域有着广泛的应用。综述了SrTiO3粉体的主要制备技术及新进展，并对其加以比较。指出液相化学合成法是现阶段制备SrTiO3的主要方法，而作为液相法之一的直接沉淀法由于具有设备简单、操作方便、粉体粒径小、粒度分布窄、易于掺杂等优点有着诱人的工业应用前景。     

Effect of ceria content on the sintering of ZrO2 based ceramics synthesized from a polymeric precursor

Zirconia-ceria powders with ceria concentration varying from 0 to 12 mol% were synthesized using a polymeric precursor route based on the Pechini process. Powder characteristics were evaluated with regard to the crystallite size, BET surface area, phase distribution, nitrogen adsorption/desorption behavior, and agglomeration state. Sintering was studied considering the shrinkage rate, densification, grain size, and phase evolution. It was demonstrated that the synthesis method is effective to prepare nanosized powders of tetragonal zirconia single-phase. Sinterability mainly depended on the agglomeration state of powders and the monoclinic phase content. Fully tetragonal zirconia ceramic, with grain size of 2.4 μm, was obtained after addition of at least 9 mol% ceria and sintering at 1500°C for 4 h.     

High sphericity and diameter controllable B4C ceramic pellets prepared via simple low-cost PVA assisted planet-type rotation method

B₄C ceramic pellets with diameter smaller than 0.7 mm have been simply fabricated via polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) assisted planet-type rotation method. Only commercial B₄C powders and tiny amounts of PVA are needed in the experiment. The PVA solution is used to modify the commercial B₄C powders. And the powders with adhesive properties are spheroidized to form green pellets during the rotation process. Results show that the green B₄C pellets exhibit uniform size distribution and high sphericity. The appropriate diameter of 0.61 mm and high sphericity of 97.15% can be obtained by controlling the rotation time and the concentration of PVA solution. This fabrication method provides a low-cost and simple way to prepare B₄C ceramic pellets with various diameters and high sphericity, and also sheds light on the mass production of other ceramic microspheres.     

平板α-Al2O3陶瓷微滤膜的制备与表征

采用固态粒子烧结法和浸拉提渍工艺研制出α-Al2O3平板式陶瓷微滤膜,探讨涂膜液中固含量对膜孔径及纯水通量的影响,并研究涂层工艺及烧成制度对膜形成的作用。同时对微滤膜的孔径大小及分布,膜孔隙率、纯水通量及抗弯强度等性能进行表征。实验结果表明,制备出平均孔径为0.7μm的平板陶瓷膜,其具有表面性质连续完整、孔径分布窄以及机械强度大的特点。