The effect of variable viscosity on the flow and heat transfer of a viscous Agwater and Cu-water nanofluids

A numerical study is carried out to study the effects of the temperature dependent viscosity on the flow and heat transfer of a nanofluid over a flat surface in the presence of viscous dissipation. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations are transformed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations, and are solved numerically by the Keller-box method. The numerical results indicate that the effect of nanoparticle volume fraction is to increase the heat transfer and hence enhance the thermal boundary layer thickness. This is true even in the presence of variable viscosity and the viscous dissipation. Furthermore, the results obtained for heat transfer characteristics with nanoparticles reveal many interesting behaviors that warrant further study on the effects of the "nano-solid-particles".     

Diffusion of chemically reactive species in Casson fluid flow over an unsteady permeable stretching surface

In this paper we investigate the two-dimensional flow of a non-Newtonian fluid over an unsteady stretching permeable surface. The Casson fluid model is used to characterize the non-Newtonian fluid behavior. First-order constructive/destructive chemical reaction is considered. With the help of a shooting method, numerical solutions for a class of nonlinear coupled differential equations subject to appropriate boundary conditions are obtained. For the steady flow, the exact solution is obtained. The flow features and the mass transfer characteristics for different values of the governing parameters are analyzed and discussed in detail.     

低渗透油藏渗流的差分法数值模拟

针对低渗透问题，给出了无量纲化的渗流控制方程、初始条件以及边界条件，并使用差分方法进行数值模拟。计算结果使用Gringarten-Bourdet图版进行井底压力分析，给出了一种计算动边界位置的方法，并详细讨论了动边界变化情况。     

两层黏性流体中直立圆柱体绕流的三维数值模拟

研究了两层流体中直立贯底圆柱体的三维黏性绕流问题.以不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程为控制方程,应用VOF方法追踪两层流体的内界面,建立了该问题的数值模拟方法.成功地数值模拟了两层流体中圆柱体黏性绕流产生的三维尾涡特征,表明了流体的密度分层效应对直立贯底圆柱体的尾涡特性和阻力系数都是有影响的.在海洋立管涡激振动的研究中,考虑流体的密度分层效应是重要的.     

Stochastic simulation of fluid flow in porous media by the complex variable expression method

A stochastic simulation of fluid flow in porous media using a complex variable expression method (SFCM) is presented in this paper. Hydraulic conductivity is considered as a random variable and is then expressed in complex variable form, the real part of which is a deterministic value and the imaginary part is a variable value. The stochastic seepage flow is simulated with the SFCM and is compared with the results calculated with the Monte Carlo stochastic finite element method. In using the Monte Carlo method to simulate the stochastic seepage flow field, the hydraulic conductivity is assumed in three different probability distributions using random sampling method. The obtained seepage flow field is examined through skewness analysis, and the skewed distribution probability density function is given. The head mode value and the head comprehensive standard deviation are used to represent the statistics of calculation results obtained by the Monte Carlo method. The stochastic seepage flow field simulated by the SFCM is confirmed to be similar to that given by the Monte Carlo method from numerical aspects. The range of coefficient of variation of hydraulic conductivity in SFCM is larger than used previously in stochastic seepage flow field simulations, and the computation time is short. The results proved that the SFCM is a convenient calculating method for solving the complex problems.     

波纹板内流体流动特性的数值模拟

以室温下的水为介质，以涡量一流函数为理论基础，运用代数变换法生成适体坐标，通过有限差分对波纹板板内流场进行了数值模拟；并以Re=500为例，求出其板内流体的速度场和压力场，进而对同一周期内和不同周期的速度场和压力场进行分析，给出了速度和压力分布变化曲线图，得出了不同雷诺数下流动阻力损失变化曲线与阻力关联式，为波纹板的强化传热研究提供了有利的参考。     

一个求解二维Navier—Stokes方程组的数值模型

本文建立和开发了一个用于求解二维Navier-Stokes方程组的数学模型，这个模型采用Chorin提出的Projection1方式来解耦基本方程组的流速和压力，空间离散采用有限单元法，而时间离散则采用semi-implicit格式。为了验证模型的正确性，作者计算了二维空腔流动并与其他一些研究者的结果进行了比较，结果令人满意。     

铸件充型过程流动与传热耦合模拟

对铸件充型过程流动与传热藕合模拟技术进行了研究，建立了综合考虑辐射、对传导等多种传热行为的有限差分法计算公式，并在Visual C 6．0平台上，自主开发了可集成于CASTSoft/CAE Ver5.0流场计算模块CASTFlow。新算法的应用提高了软件的计算效率，增加了代码的重用性。以法兰铸件为例，CAST-Flow与MAGMASoft的模拟结果基本一致，说明所提出的计算方法是可取的。     

越流含水层抽水井附近非达西流与达西流区界面位置变化规律研究

为了研究越流含水层系统中大口径完整井附近地下水流动规律,根据Reynolds数将渗流场分为非达西流与达西流两个区域,提出了一种基于有限差分原理的迭代法,来模拟两区界面位置（RcD）随时间的变化规律,并采用实测数据验证本文解的实用性。结果表明：抽水初期,RcD很小,本文解与全达西流解析解几乎重合;抽水中期,RcD逐渐增大,解析解与数值解的降深曲线差别很明显,而在非达西流区域,本文解与全非达西流解析解的降深曲线斜率差别不大;在抽水后期,地下水流场达到稳定,RcD达到最大值,同时,在非达西流区域中,本文解与全非达西解吻合较好,在达西流区域,本文解与全达西流解吻合较好。RcD对井筒半径和滤水管半径比较敏感。当RcD趋于无穷大时本文解转化为全非达西流解;当RcD趋于0时本文解转化为全达西流解。     

基于能量耗损原理的泥石流分界粒径确定方法

本文以泥石流固相与液相的能坡损失之和来表达泥石流运动能量耗损总值,并基于最小能耗原理提出了泥石流固、液两相分界粒径的确定方法.通过在云南蒋家沟实施6组现场泥石流模拟试验,结果表明试验沟道的泥石流分界粒径处在5～6mm之间,与前人成果基本相符,同时分析了分界粒径与最小能量耗损和容重之间的变化规律,即分界粒径随着最小能坡损失和容重的增加而呈缓慢的增大趋势等,为建立了非均质黏性泥石流动力学模型奠定了基础.     

台阶突扩三维粘性流动数值模拟

利用三维粘性流动数学模型，研究了台阶突扩流动的三维特性。不同的雷诺数Re情况下，计算所得的流态、流速和压力分布与B.F.Amarly等的试验和计算结果相吻合，表明所建立的三维粘性流动数学模型具有较强的模拟能力和较高的计算精度。     

自由表面流动数值模拟方法的探讨

本文建立和开发了一个用于求解具有自由表面的二维不可压缩粘性流体流动的Navier-Stokes方程的数值模型，这个模型采用ALE方法描述流体的运动，基本方程组中的流速和压力利用Projection 2方法来解耦，空间离散采用有限单元法，而时间离散则采用semi-implicit方法，自由表面位置则通过求解相应的偏微分方程来确定，而计算过程中网格的调整则采用了新的方法，算例结果令人满意，表明方法可行。     

线性剪切来流对方柱绕流特性影响的数值分析

为研究线性剪切来流对方柱绕流特性的影响,将对流出口边界条件引入特征线算子分裂有限元法中,建立了线性剪切来流的方柱绕流数值模型,并采用均匀来流的方柱绕流模拟结果验证了该模型计算方柱绕流问题的可靠性。数值模拟结果表明,剪切参数k对方柱绕流尾部形成的两排涡影响明显,涡脱落在k较大时被抑制,在k≥0.4时涡量最终形成一个类似三角形的区域;驻点随k的增加逐渐向高速侧分离点移动,在k≥0.3时驻点的位置不再发生变化;平均阻力系数在0.2≤k≤0.25时发生较大变化,平均升力系数在k≥0.2时为负。     

计及自由面兴波和螺旋桨非定常旋转效应的集装箱船舶绕流场计算研究

该文以商用软件FLUENT为平台,以KCS算例为对象,进行了计及自由面和螺旋桨非定常旋转效应的计算。考察了时间步长、自由面是否固化、湍流模式和网格数量、计算策略对计算结果的影响,确定了工程适用的计算方法,并应用于9000TEU集装箱船舶,与试验结果比较,吻合良好。     

Flow of a micropolar fluid in a micro-channel under the action of an alternating electric field: Estimates of flow in bio-fluidic devices

The paper is devoted to a study of the electro-osmotic flow of a micropolar bio-fluid, when the flow takes place between two plates that are in a state of periodic vibrations. Considering blood as a micropolar fluid, it is found that the amplitude of oscillation of the microparticles of blood increases when the micropolar effect is pronounced more and more and that a rise in DebyeHückel parameter enhances both the velocity and microrotation gradient. The results provide guidelines for the improvement of design of bio-sensing and micro-fluidic devices. The study leads to the conclusion that electrical double layers formed in the vicinity of the wall can significantly alter the flow dynamics of physiological fluids in micro-bio-fluidic devices.     

Pressure distribution on the wall of the inner cylinder reciprocating axially to the unsteady flow of viscoelastic fluid in eccentric annulus

1. INTRODUCTION During the oil production process, the produced fluid flows in the eccentric annulus between the tube and the sucker-rod reciprocating axially. In this article, the pressure distribution on the wall of the inner cylinder for the unsteady flow of the flowing fluid, which can be regarded as viscoelastic fluid, in the eccentric annulus with the inner cylinder reciprocating axially, is studied and the results are of significance in practical engineering for analyzing the mechan…     

基于OpenCV实现金字塔光流法对表面流场的计算

本文基于OpenCV视觉函数库和 VisualStudio2010 平台,采用 C++编程语言开发了基于金字塔光流法的 PTV(Particle Track Velocimetry)表面流场测量程序。程序计算结果显示:基于金字塔光流法实现 PTV 技术,需要在金字塔光流法对示踪粒子角点跟踪匹配的基础上进一步实现示踪粒子的质心匹配,该过程可使金字塔光流法准确、合理地应用于 PTV 技术,实现对示踪粒子运动速度的正确计算,同时还可剔除掉金字塔光流法对非匹配关系的角点产生的错误匹配。     

A numerical study on dispersion of particles from the surface of a circular cylinder placed in a gas flow using discrete vortex method

The dispersion of particles emitted from the surface of a circular cylinder placed in a gas flow at the Reynolds number of 200 000 is numerically investigated using the discrete vortex method coupled with a Lagrangian approach for solid particle tracking. The wake vortex patterns, the temporal-spatial distributions and trajectories as well as the dispersion functions for particles with various Stokes numbers（St） ranging from 0.001 to 1.0 are obtained. The numerical results reveal that：（1） Solid particles on the cylinder surface are picked up and then transported away from the cylinder by the wake vortex flow.（2） Solid particles emitted from the cylinder surface always follow the vortices in the cylinder wake, and the response of particles to wake vortices is directly related to their Stokes numbers（particles with St= 0.001, 0.0038, 0.01 can distribute both in the vortex core and around the vortex periphery, whereas those with St= 0.1, 1.0 can not enter the vortex core and congregate mainly around the vortex periphery）.（3） The particles move in rolling state in the wake region, and the dispersion intensity of particles in the lateral direction decreases remarkably as the Stokes number of particles is increased from 0.001 to 1.0.     

倾斜水射流冲击移动平板的流动分析

该文采用雷诺应力湍流模型(RSM)和Simplec算法对倾斜冲击淹没射流下移动平板表面的流动特性进行数值分析,得到了不同入口雷诺数、入射角度和不同平板移动速度下平板表面流场的流函数分布和平板近壁面湍动能分布。研究结果表明,斜射流下冲击点下坡侧产生了旋涡区,此旋涡随板速的提高而被压缩,其中心逐渐向射流中心区靠近。此外,相同条件下滞止点处的近壁湍动能最大,湍动能峰值位置随平板的移动而同向移动,并随入射角的降低而远离射流的几何中心。     

基于改进节点虚流量法的渠道工程施工期渗流场分析

利用求解有自由面渗流的改进节点虚流量法,对大型渠道工程施工期渗流场进行三维有限元模拟,得到不同条件下渠道渗流场的水头分布、浸润线、抽水量以及水力坡降。对施工期不同的降排水方案进行分析和评价,并在控制降水井水位的情况下对各方案进行分析,给出各方案下降水井抽水水位与渠底地下水位和单井抽水量的关系。结果表明,改进节点虚流量法能较好地模拟渠道渗流,可较为准确地判定方案是否满足工程实际要求,为实际工程提供理论和技术支撑。