Experimental Study of Plasma Materials' Interaction in Plasma Focus “Dena”

It is widely recognized that plasma material interaction in fusion devices is a critical issue that affects the overall machine performance. The process of material selection with a low degradation effect on the confined plasma and on the nuclear fusion production in tokamaks is of great importance. However, plasma materials' interaction studies in tokamaks have some limitations, so it is suggested that a new method for investigating this phenomenon be developed. The high capabilities of plasma focus devices allow one to simulate the interaction studies of tokamak plasma and first-wall materials. Our experiments were performed on a 90-kJ Filippov-type plasma focus, Dena. Experimental results clearly show the influence of materials on the neutron yield and neutron production mechanisms.     

Degradation of Benzene by Using a Silent-Packed Bed Hybrid Discharge Plasma Reactor

In this work, a novel gas phase silent-packed bed hybrid discharge plasma reactor has been proposed, and its ability to control a simulative gas stream containing 240 ppm benzene is experimentally investigated. In order to optimize the geometry of the reactor, the benzene conversion rate and energy yield （EY） were compared for various inner electrode diameters and quartz tube shapes and sizes. In addition, benzene removal efficiency in different discharge regions was qualitatively analyzed and the gas parameter （space velocity） was systematically studied. It has been found that silent-packed bed hybrid discharge plasma reactor can effectively decompose benzene. Benzene removal proved to achieve an optimum value of 60% with a characteristic energy density of 255 J/L in this paper with a 6 mm bolt high-voltage electrode and a 13 mm quartz tube. The optimal space velocity was 188.1 h^-1, which resulted in moderate energy yield and removal efficiency. Reaction by-products such as hydroquinone, heptanoic acid, 4-nitrocatechol, phenol and 4-phenoxy-phenol were identified by mean of GC-MS. In addition, based on these organic by-products, a benzene destruction pathway was proposed.     

Processing characteristic and radiation resistance of various epoxy insulation materials for superconducting magnets

Glass fiber reinforced epoxy-based composites were developed as insulating materials for fusion superconducting magnets. The processing properties of various epoxy matrices were investigated in terms of the isothermal viscosity at 45 °C. The interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) at 77 K and the thermal expansion coefficient (CTE) of the composites were assessed before and after gamma irradiation at ambient temperature up to 10 MGy. It is found that the TGPAP-based systems showed lower initial viscosities, longer working life and higher radiation resistance compared to the DGEBF-based systems with the same modifier. Furthermore, there was no significant effect of the irradiation dose on the CTE of the composites.     

环形窄缝双面加热通道内欠热沸腾传热实验研究

在压力0.84～6.09 MPa、质量流速41.9～300.2 kg/(m2·s)、热流密度2.61～114.41 kw/m2范围内,以去离子水为工质,对间隙为1.5 mm环形窄通道实验段竖直向上流动的欠热沸腾传热特性进行了实验研究,得出了适用环形窄缝通道的欠热沸腾传热经验关系式。     

青蒿素及其衍生物辐射增敏作用及其机制的研究进展

传统抗疟药青蒿素及其衍生物（蒿甲醚、蒿乙醚、青蒿琥酯、双氢青蒿素）具有强大的抗肿瘤作用,越来越受到人们的关注。新近又发现青蒿素及其衍生物具有辐射增敏作用,能通过调控细胞周期、产生氧自由基介导细胞毒作用、抑制谷胱甘肽（Glutathione,GSH）合成、抑制DNA损伤修复作用等方式增加射线对肿瘤细胞的杀伤能力,其作用还具有药物浓度及辐射剂量依赖性,因此在临床上具有很好的放疗增敏效果。本工作就青蒿素及其衍生物辐射增敏作用的特点及作用机制进行综述。     

Swelling and thermal properties of porous PNIPAM/PEG hydrogels prepared by radiation polymerization

In this study,a series of porous intelligent hydrogels were synthesized by radiation exhibiting the lower critical solution temperature（LCST） and fast response involving a combination of A’-isopropyl acrylamideas monomer, polyethylene glycol（PEG） as pore-forming agent and N,N-methylene-bis-acrylamide as crosslinking agent.The hydrogels were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and the influence of radiation doses on their swelling and thermal behaviors were studied.Their surface morphologies were examined by scanning electron microscopy.The results showed that PEG molecules only acted as pore-forming agent in the cross-linked polymerization.Their swelling ratios reduced with increasing radiation doses.The LCST was around 37℃,and varied little with the radiation doses.The frozen water content of PNIPAM/PEG₆₀₀₀ hydrogel reduced with increasing the radiation dose,and was greater than that of PN1PAM hydrogel at 15 kGy.Hydrogel macropores were prepared by PEG agent,and the hydrogels without PEG had a dense surface.The porous hydrogels are expected to be applied in the field of artificial intelligence material.     

环境气溶胶的核孔膜、扫描电子显微镜和微电子探针研究

用云母核孔膜、扫描电子显微镜和微电子探针对工艺房间空气中悬浮的气溶胶进行了采集 ,并对气溶胶的粒径分布、微粒形态及结构、元素成分和捕集机制进行了研究。     

Thermal and mechanical properties of hydrides of Zr–Hf alloys

Polycrystalline bulk samples of δ-phase Hf hydrides with various Zr contents were prepared and their high-temperature stability and thermal and mechanical properties were investigated. The phase structure was examined between room temperature and 973 K using high-temperature X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric–differential thermal analysis. From room temperature to 673 K, the coefficient of linear thermal expansion, specific heat capacity, and thermal conductivity were evaluated. The Vickers hardness and sound velocity were measured at room temperature, and the elastic modulus was evaluated. The effect of the Zr content on the high-temperature stability and the thermal and mechanical properties of Hf hydrides was studied.     

Investigation of the High Pressure Regimes Effects on the Neutron Production in Plasma Focus

Effects of high pressure regimes on the thermal mechanism of neutron yield and anisotropy factor with respect to the capacitor bank energy are presented by using moving boiler model. It is found that at high pressures, the thermal fusion reactions have a considerable effect on the neutron yield and anisotropy factor. We have compared the manner of the anisotropy in two low and high pressure discharges to investigate different behavior of the anisotropy factor as a function of bank energy in the difference working regimes of pressure for Dena PF.     

PNIPAM/碳纳米管复合水凝胶辐射合成与表征

采用辐射聚合方法合成了PNIPAM/碳纳米管（CNTs）复合水凝胶;采用FTIR、TEM等手段对CNTs的微观结构进行了分析和表征;研究了CNTs对PNIPAM/CNTs复合水凝胶溶胀性能和压缩性能的影响。结果表明,采用辐射与混酸处理相结合进行CNTs的修饰,处理后的CNTs的结构发生了明显变化,从缠绕的团簇状分散成较短且末端开口的管,在水中的分散性和稳定性明显提高。PNIPAM/MMT复合水凝胶具有温度敏感性,低临界溶解温度（LCST）均在35°C左右。使用CNTs能改善PNIPAM/CNTs复合水凝胶的压缩性能;且复合水凝胶的压缩性能随CNTs含量的增加而提高。     

放射性肺纤维化的分子机制及其防治药物综述

对放射性肺纤维化(Radiation-induced lung fibrosis,RILF)的发生、发展和最终形成过程中涉及到的细胞、细胞因子、信号通路以及关键因子进行归纳、总结和讨论,并给出具有潜在治疗作用的靶点以及作用在该靶点的相关药物,为今后研发预防与治疗RILF的药物提供思路。     

PNIPAM/蒙脱土复合水凝胶辐射合成与表征

采用辐射聚合方法合成了PNIPAM/蒙脱土（MMT）复合水凝胶;研究了蒙脱土对PNIPAM/MMT复合水凝胶溶胀性能和压缩性能的影响。结果表明,虽然MMT能提高复合水凝胶的初始溶胀速率和平衡溶胀率,但它不改变凝胶原有的环境响应性能和溶胀机理。PNIPAM水凝胶和PNIPAM/MMT复合水凝胶均具有温度敏感性,低临界溶解温度（LCST）均在32℃左右,溶胀机理均遵循Fickian扩散模式,即水分子的扩散成为水凝胶溶胀的决定过程。使用MMT能改善PNIPAM/MMT复合水凝胶的压缩性能;且复合水凝胶的压缩性能随MMT含量的增加而提高。     

快中子转换屏发光性能研究

以中子转换屏发光机理建立数学模型,计算了LiF-ZnS中子转换屏的各项参数对成像性能的影响。用不同种类荧光粉制备了多块不同厚度和材料成分的快中子转换屏进行性能测试,实验结果显示,14 MeV快中子转换屏最佳厚度为3 mm左右,ZnS和粘合剂的最佳重量比为1:1–2:1。对快中子转换屏和塑料闪烁体等中子探测屏的性能进行了实验测试和对比,给出了各种探测屏的性能差异和适用范围。     

Study on thermal and mechanical properties of cis- and trans-polyisoprene blends implanted by carbon ions

In the present work, elastomeric blends of cis- and trans-polyisoprene prepared by solution casting have been implanted by carbon ions (C⁶⁺) at three different fluencies with 87 MeV energy. The implanted samples were characterized through X-ray diffraction. The thermal transport and mechanical properties of implanted samples have been investigated using transient plane source and dynamic mechanical analyzer respectively. It was found that both thermal transport and mechanical properties show increasing trend up to certain fluence and beyond this fluence a decrease is observed. The variations in these properties have been discussed in terms of crosslink density and crystallinity.     

RESEARCH FROM ISOLATED TO COMPACT CLUSTERS

Structures and properties of both isolated and compacted clusters can be studied by SINS, RBS,NMR and Mossbauer effect, etc. Some important properties of these microclusters, such as magic numbers, isotopic effect, gas-like structures are discussed.     

Skyrme力参数化描述核反应特性

通过格林函数方法以及核物质近似得到基于有效核力的中子微观光学势,并通过定域密度近似得到靶核为有限核的中子微观光学势。在此基础上通过符合饱和点的核物质性质、Landau参数、双满壳核的结合能和电荷半径,以及入射能量在100 MeV以下,中子与靶核质量数为24≤A≤209的核反应的总截面、去弹截面、弹性散射角分布和分析本领实验数据得到一套新的Skyrme力参数SkC。用得到的Skyrme力对入射能量在100 MeV以下,中子与裂变核反应的数据进行了预言,理论计算结果能够比较好地符合实验数据。     

战场贫铀弹撞击气溶胶特性研究现状

贫铀弹撞击气溶胶特性研究是估算人员受照剂量的基础,是参战人员采用防护措施的依据,针对国内外研究现状进行综述,并提出进一步研究需求。