Study on Synthesis Technology of Mg-Al Double Alkoxides

介绍了镁铝双金属醇盐的合成方法,详细介绍和评述了乙醇镁铝、异丙醇镁铝、正丁醇镁铝、异丁醇镁铝等双金属醇盐的合成工艺.正丁醇镁铝、异丁醇镁铝可用来制备高纯镁铝尖晶石,也可以直接用作催化剂,有着广阔的开发前景.     

醇盐水解法制备高纯镁铝尖晶石粉体

以金属Mg、Al与正丁醇为原料,采用醇盐水解法合成平均粒径在25～35μm之间的高纯镁铝尖晶石超微粉体。将金属Mg、Al同时加入正丁醇中反应,得到高纯度镁铝双金属醇盐,并通过红外光谱分析研究醇盐的结构。经过对醇盐水解反应的正交实验研究,确定了最优的水解条件。干凝胶在700℃煅烧开始出现镁铝尖晶石相,并于1200℃形成晶相完全的镁铝尖晶石粉体。     

醇盐水解法制备高纯镁铝尖晶石粉体

以金属Mg、AL与正丁醇为原料,采用溶胶凝胶法合成平均粒径在25～35 μm之间的高纯镁铝尖晶石超微粉体.将金属Mg、Al同时加入正丁醇中反应,得到高纯度镁铝双金属醇盐,并通过红外光谱分析研究醇盐的结构.经过对醇盐水解反应的正交实验研究,确定了最优的水解条件.干凝胶在700℃煅烧开始出现镁铝尖晶石相,并于1 200℃形成晶相完全的镁铝尖晶石粉体.     

金属醇盐的合成（1）

简要介绍了金属醇盐合成的发展概况，单金属醇盐和多金属（双金属、三金属及四金属）醇盐等的合成方法。     

金属醇盐的合成（II）

简要介绍了金属醇盐合成的发展概况，单金属醇盐和多金属（双金属，三金属及四金属）醇盐等的合成方法。     

金属醇盐的合成(Ⅱ)

简要介绍了金属醇盐合成的发展概况，单金属醇盐和多金属（双金属、三金属及四金属）醇盐等的合成分法。     

金属醇盐的合成(Ⅰ)

简要介绍了金属醇盐合成的发展概况，单金属醇盐和多金属（双金属、三金属及四金属）醇盐等的合成方法。     

非化学计量比镁铝尖晶石粉体的制备及性能

将异丙醇镁铝双金属醇盐滴加到含有5%(质量分数)EDTA分散剂的水解液中,制得镁铝氢氧化物无色透明溶胶,后经干燥、高温焙烧得到非化学计量比的铝镁尖晶石粉体。研究了Mg/Al摩尔比、焙烧温度、干燥工艺流程以及助溶剂的添加对粉体材料性能影响。结果表明:Mg/Al摩尔比在1.0:(2.5～4.0)范围内,1 200℃焙烧后对应粉体为纯相镁铝尖晶石结构,随铝含量增加,衍射峰向大角度方向偏移,且粉体颗粒粒径逐渐增大,Mg O·1.25Al_2O_3粉体红外透过率较高,可潜在应用于红外隐身等材料。     

金属乙二醇盐合成工艺的研究

介绍了乙二醇盐催化剂的合成研究进展,详细介绍和评述了金属法、碱法、Nelles法、醇交换法等制取乙二醇钠、乙二醇钾、乙二醇锑、乙二醇钛、乙二醇铝等二元醇盐催化剂的工艺技术,乙二醇盐有着广阔的应用前景.     

铝醇盐合成中铁杂质含量的影响因素研究

在铝醇盐合成过程中,铝屑中的铁杂质同时参与了反应形成含铁有机物。主要研究了反应物比例、环境氛围、催化剂、醇种类对醇铝中铁杂质含量的影响。实验证明：反应物比例、催化剂对合成的醇铝中的铁杂质含量没有太大的影响;环境氛围是影响铁杂质生成的重要因素,氧气可以抑制铁有机物的生成。这一规律适用于各种铝醇盐合成过程中对铁杂质含量的研究。     

Desorption of Cl- from Mg-Al layered double hydroxide intercalated with Cl- using CO2 gas and water

Mg-Al layered double hydroxide intercalated with CO_3~(2-)(CO_3·Mg-Al LDH) is effective for treating HCl exhaust gas.HCl reacts with CO_3~(2-) in CO_3·Mg-Al LDH, resulting in the formation of Cl·Mg-Al LDH.We propose that CO_2 can be used for the desorption of Cl~-from Cl·Mg-Al LDH to regenerate CO_3·Mg-Al LDH.Herein,we studied the desorption of a from CI-Mg-Al LDH by adding water to Cl·Mg-Al LDH and blowing CO_2 into it.We also analyzed the effects of temperature and water addition speed on the desorption of CI~-from Cl·Mg-Al LDH.Our results show that the added water adhered to CI·Mg-Al LDH and that CO_2 in the gaseous phase was dissolved in this adhered water,thus generating CO_3~(2-).Therefore,anion exchange occurred between CO_3~(2-) and Cl~-in the Cl·Mg-Al LDH,thus desorbing Cl~-.     

Cu掺杂的Mg-Al类水滑石的制备、表征及其催化性能

采用浸渍法制备了Cu掺杂的镁铝水滑石类化合物Cu/HT,经过400 ℃焙烧得到Cu掺杂的镁铝复合金属氧化物Cu/ Mg-Al LDO,利用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、热重分析（TG）、N₂吸附-脱附等技术对催化剂的结构进行了表征。研究了其对尿素与1,2-丙二醇合成碳酸丙烯酯的催化性能。考察了Cu掺杂量、镁铝比、不同催化剂载体等催化剂制备条件对催化剂活性的影响,同时考察了催化剂的再生性能。结果表明,当Cu掺杂量为1%、镁铝比摩尔为3∶1时的Cu/Mg-Al LDO（3）对尿素与1,2-丙二醇合成碳酸丙烯酯具有比较好的催化活性,在170 ℃、1,2-丙二醇与尿素的摩尔比为4∶1、催化剂用量为原料总质量的1%、反应3 h时,碳酸丙烯酯的收率达到96.1%,且催化剂经4次再生重复使用,催化活性稳定。     

硝酸盐溶液浓度对镁铝水滑石结构记忆效应的影响

用共沉淀法制备了镁铝水滑石,并进行XRD、N₂吸附-脱附、TG-DTA和FT-IR等表征。结果表明,制备的镁铝水滑石呈六方晶型,比表面积为121 m²·g^-1。研究了硝酸盐溶液浓度对水滑石结构记忆性的影响,发现400 ℃焙烧5 h的镁铝水滑石在硝酸铜和硝酸铁溶液中浸泡可以恢复水滑石结构,溶液浓度越低越容易恢复,同时NO₃^-插入水滑石的层间可以形成一种新型应用功能材料。     

热改性层状双氢氧化物吸附除Cr(Ⅵ)性能

通过共沉淀法制备得到镁铝层状双氢氧化物(LDHs), 并在450℃高温下进行热改性处理(即C-LDHs)。系统性比较了上述两种材料除Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附动力学及等温线模型, 并考察温度、pH、Cr(Ⅵ)初始浓度等重要因素对吸附效果的影响。使用XRD、SEM、FT-IR和TG-DTG等对两种吸附材料进行了表面特性表征。结果表明, 热改性后C-LDHs的表面性质发生了巨大变化。但其吸附过程仍符合Langmuir吸附等温式。C-LDHs对Cr(Ⅵ)的最大吸附量为105.26 mg·g^-1, 远大于LDHs的吸附量(20.66 mg·g^-1)。本文结果表明, 对层状双氢氧化物进行经济方便的热改性可大幅度增强其对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能, 对层状双氢氧化物的工业化应用具有重要的参考价值。     

Sustainable H2 production from ethanol steam reforming over a macro-mesoporous Ni/Mg-Al-O catalytic monolith

A macro-meso-porous monolithic Ni-based catalyst was prepared via an impregnation route using polystyrene foam as the template and then used in the steam reforming of ethanol to produce a H₂-rich gas. The Ni/Mg-Al catalyst has a hierarchically macro-meso-porous structure as indicated by photographs and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The surface area of the catalyst was 230 m²?g^-1 and the Ni dispersion was 5.62%. Compared to the pelletized sample that was prepared without a template, the macro-meso-porous Ni/Mg-Al monolith exhibited superior reactivity in terms of H₂ production and also had lower CH₄ yields at 700oC and 800oC. Furthermore, the monolithic catalyst maintained excellent activity and H₂ selectivity after 100-h on-stream at 700^oC, as well as good resistance to coking and metal sintering.     

Steam reforming of methane over Ni catalysts prepared from hydrotalcite-type precursors:Catalytic activity and reaction kinetics

Ni/Mg–Al catalysts derived from hydrotalcite-type precursors were prepared by a co-precipitation technique and applied to steam reforming of methane. By comparison with Ni/γ-Al2O3 and Ni/α-Al2O3 cataly...     

Mg-Al水滑石的溶解动力学及热力学

研究了Mg-Al水滑石在水溶液中的溶解性能及其机理,考察了温度和pH对其溶解性能的影响, 探讨了溶解过程中动力学和热力学规律。动力学研究表明,Mg-Al水滑石在水溶液中的溶解符合外扩散及表面化学反应控制模型,且不同pH区间其控制步骤不同。pH 1.0～3.8,水滑石完全溶解,其溶解速率随pH的提高而减小,受解吸控制。而pH 4.2～9.4,水滑石部分溶解,溶解速率与pH值无关,受表面交换反应控制。另一方面,对水滑石溶解反应的Gibbs自由能变进行定量估算,其值为29.516 kJ·mol^-1。经实验验证,理论估算可很好地与实验结果吻合。     

Effect of interlayer anions on chromium removal using Mg–Al layered double hydroxides:Kinetic,equilibrium and thermodynamic studies

The influence of interlayer anions such as NO3-, SO42-and Cl-on Mg–Al hydrotalcites for Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solution was studied. The structure of the prepared LDHs was characterized by XRD, SEM, FTIR, TGA, BET surface area and p Hzpc. The sorbent ability and sorption mechanisms were also investigated. The LDHs exhibit high removal for Cr(VI), and the sorbed amount depends on the nature of interlayer anion, which decreased in the following order: NO3-N Cl-N SO42-. Nitrate-containing LDH reached a Cr(VI) sorption equilibrium within only 30 min. The effects of operating conditions, including initial concentration, solution p H, agitation time and sorbent amount have been studied in batch mode. The optimum conditions were observed at an initial concentration of 100 mg·L-1, p H = 6, agitation time of 60 min and a sorbent dose of 2 g·L-1. The equilibrium data were fitted to the Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models. The Langmuir model was found to sufficiently describe the sorption process, offering a maximum sorption capacity of 71.91 mg·g-1. The sorption kinetic follows pseudo-second-order reaction with high accuracy. Thermodynamic parameters suggested that the sorption process is spontaneous and endothermic in nature.     

含水气氛下γ-Ａl２Ｏ３的物性变化

本文利用X-光衍射、吸附仪等手段研究了γ-Ａl_２Ｏ_３、Co-Ｍo-Ｋ／γ-Ａl_２Ｏ₃系耐硫变换催化剂和镁铝尖晶石样品在含水蒸汽气氛下，特别是水煤气变换气氛下γ-Ａl_２Ｏ₃的物性变化。给出了随温度和水／气比变化的γ-Ａl_２Ｏ_３晶相转化规律。     

Adsorption of Anionic and Cationic Dyes from Aqueous Solution on Non-Calcined Mg-Al Layered Double Hydroxide: Experimental and Theoretical Study

Non-calcined Mg-Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) with Mg/Al molar ratio of 3:1 was synthesized using the co-precipitation method. Sorption of anionic (acid blue 25 - AB25, reactive blue 4 - RB4), and cationic (methylene blue - MB) dyes by Mg-Al LDH form aqueous solution was investigated. The effect of solution pH, initial concentration, and contact time were investigated by batch adsorption experiments. The adsorbed amount increases with decrease in pH solution for AB25 and RB4. The cationic dye (MB) solution was insensitive to pH variation and also exhibited a low performance in the kinetic equilibrium studies. While anionic dyes were almost completely extracted from the solution, 90% of the methylene blue remained in solution. The equilibrium data were well described using the Langmuir-Freundlich model for RB4, AB25, and MB dyes with maximum adsorption capacity of 328.90, 246.10, and 43.48 mg/g, respectively. Finally, the mechanism of adsorption involving the dyes and LDH was evaluated using the Monte Carlo approach in the NVT ensemble. The results suggest that molecular simulation can be used to preview quantitatively the dye uptake. Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Separation Science & Technology to view the supplemental file.