汽车前纵梁碰撞特性仿真研究

汽车的碰撞安全性是影响汽车被动安全性的主要方面,汽车部件的碰撞仿真是确保车辆具有良好碰撞性能的一种重要的现代设计方法和手段,汽车前纵梁作为一种典型的薄壁梁结构件,是保证汽车具有较好正面碰撞性能的重要部件.笔者利用非线性有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA对某SUV车型前纵梁进行计算机碰撞仿真分析研究,比较了改进前后前纵梁的碰撞吸能特性.研究表明经改进设计后,前纵梁的碰撞特性得到加强,研究方法和结果对汽车前纵梁设计具有实际应用价值和直接指导意义.     

汽车前纵梁薄壁结构碰撞仿真及优化设计研究

针对前纵梁现有结构吸能特性的不足,对其结构进行了改进,使前纵梁在正面碰撞过程中吸收更多能量。根据前纵梁板厚、焊点的间距及焊点大小等设计参数,建立了前纵梁正面碰撞的有限元模型。采用HyperMesh和LS-DYNA软件,对前纵梁碰撞过程进行了模拟仿真。通过加诱导槽及加加强板的方式,对前纵梁结构进行了优化。研究结果表明,优化后的前纵梁单位质量吸收的能量提高了63.3%。通过该方法使前纵梁提高了吸能特性,降低了车辆碰撞对乘客造成的损害。     

基于正面碰撞仿真的轿车关重零件分析及改进

建立了某轿车整车及乘员和约束系统的有限元模型,进行100%正面碰撞的数值仿真,通过仿真与试验的加速度曲线对比,验证了有限元模型的有效性.针对车体耐撞性能的不足,通过正交试验构造零件厚度对车体吸能的线性响应面,得到对能量吸收影响显著的关重零件.对关重零件中的前纵梁和前悬挂推力杆采取局部加强和改变形状的改进措施,使传力路线连续.通过整车数值仿真对比,改进方案使关重零件吸能增加,假人头部伤害值降低,说明其车体耐撞性能得到了改善.     

汽车前纵梁正面碰撞仿真分析研究

对某车的前纵梁在100%正面碰撞中的变形吸能进行仿真分析,使用Hyper Mesh建立有限元模型,使用LS-DYNA得到计算结果,在Hyper View中对计算结果进行后处理得相关的响应,进而分析前纵梁在整车正面碰撞中的变形吸能过程。     

基于偏置碰撞工况汽车前纵梁结构优化设计

偏置碰撞工况发生时,前纵梁将出现折弯变形,严重影响其承载吸能作用的发挥.根据偏置碰撞的特点,搭建车辆正面40％可变形壁障碰撞仿真分析模型,选取三种不同的初速度50km/h、56km/h和60km/h进行分析,获取车身和前舱总成的变形过程;基于分析结果,对前纵梁弯曲变形的吸能过程和失效特点进行分析;采用引导槽和约束板相结合的结构形式对前纵梁进行优化设计,并对尺寸参数进行设计;基于碰撞模型,对优化前后的车辆安全性进行对比分析.结果可知:前纵梁弯曲失效中,向外胀形和向内径缩交替出现的变形形式可以提升承载能力;引导槽式结构和约束板结合的设计形式,可以提升前纵梁发生弯曲变形时的承载能力;引导板的布置间距应为外胀变形与径缩变形模式的波长之和;优化后,碰撞加速度、变形模式和各测点的侵入量均有明显的提升变化,各测点侵入量均较小,离合踏板侵入量在前纵梁改进后侵入量得到明显减小约为10％左右;纵梁前段优化结构的吸能特性己经充分发挥;分析结论为同类设计提供重要参考.     

基于正交试验不同截面汽车前纵梁特性分析

前纵梁是汽车发生正面碰撞时重要的能量吸收结构,对汽车碰撞安全和乘员保护具有重要作用。根据前纵梁结构特点,对其进行简化为薄壁梁结构,采用试验分析和模型仿真相结合的方法对矩形截面前纵梁的吸能特性进行对比分析;试验表明模型仿真结果的准确性。以仿真和试验分析结果的结论作为参考依据,选取影响前纵梁吸能特性的材料、厚度、截面形式、引导槽倾角等作为正交试验的4个因素,截面形式为6水平,其他因素为3水平,设计了L18正交试验表,将结构总质量、碰撞过程最大支反力作为约束,单位质量最大支反力作为目标进行不同截面前纵梁对比分析;分析结果可知:试验分析与建模仿真结果曲线的误差在10%以内,表明模型的准确与可靠性;前纵梁的截面形式为十字形、无设计倾角,材料则选择高强钢,厚度为1.6mm时,前纵梁的吸能性能最优,可以作为实际设计的参考。     

电动汽车正面碰撞结构耐撞性分析及优化

针对某电动汽车前机舱吸能不足,前纵梁后端抗弯性能薄弱等问题,参照法规及C-NCAP要求,运用Hypermesh和LS-DYNA软件建立了全宽正面碰撞有限元模型,并对该电动汽车前机舱进行了耐撞安全性分析.采取了“改变前纵梁内部加强板的位置、并改变相应焊点”的优化措施,对优化前后的机舱吸能、刚性墙撞击力、车身加速度、前纵梁抗弯性能等进行了比较.仿真计算结果表明:在几乎没有增加成本的前提下,该结构在优化后碰撞吸能提高3.5％,刚性墙撞击峰值力降低11.73％,峰值加速度降低3.8％,左纵梁后端抗弯能力提高28.6％,右纵梁后端抗弯能力提高4.7％,实现了良好的优化效果.     

某款全铝车身前端碰撞吸能结构分析及优化设计

在某款全铝车身的前端吸能结构碰撞试验中,出现吸能盒压缩不充分、前纵梁后端折弯、纵梁整体上翘、纵梁根部焊缝撕裂等纵梁失稳情况。通过对原有车身数据进行结构优化、CAE仿真分析,并进行碰撞试验对标后,设计出一种新型前端碰撞吸能结构,可以最大限度防止纵梁失稳、保证焊接均匀,以实现导向性轴向压缩的渐进式压溃型吸能方式,从而极大提高吸能效率、增加前端吸能结构吸收碰撞能量值、保证乘员安全性。     

轿车车身正面碰撞的计算机仿真

基于非线性有限元理论,以某车为研究对象,建立自车身正面碰撞的有限元模型,并按照国家汽车安全法规的要求,应用有限元软件进行了车身结构正面碰撞数值模拟计算.根据仿真结果,对车身进行改进,提高了其吸能特性,为汽车安全结构设计提供了参考依据.     

铝合金汽车前纵梁的碰撞性能仿真研究

：基于非线性有限元软件PAMCRASH对铝合金前纵梁的碰撞吸能特性进行了仿真分析研究,并且对铝合金前纵梁进行了优化设计。研究表明铝合金前纵梁可以替代钢质薄壁梁进行前纵梁设计。研究方法和结果对汽车前纵梁设计具有实际应用价值和直接指导意义。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.