氰尿酸三烯丙酯的合成研究进展

介绍了氰尿酸三烯丙酯(TAC)的理化性质及其应用领域。综述了TAC国内外的合成研究进展情况,指出了今后的改进方向。     

氯乙酸烯丙酯的催化合成

本文报道用对甲苯磺酸为催化剂合成氯乙酸烯丙酯,并探讨不同因素对酯化产率的影响。     

杂多酸催化合成己酸烯丙酯

本文报道了使用杂多酸（钨硅酸）作催化剂液相合成己酸烯丙酯的结果，考察了催化剂用量，反应时间，醇酸比和带水剂量的影响，得到了合成该酯的适宜条件，在此条件下，其酯化率为９６．１％，产物收率为８９．４％。     

三聚氰酸三烯丙酯的合成

介绍了三聚制表酸三烯丙酯（TAC）的性质和应用。以三聚氰氯和烯丙醇为原料，在强碱性条件下，以苯为反应介质，经缩合反应合成了TAC，其最佳工艺条件：反应温度5℃-10℃；反应时间2.5h；原料配比氢氧化钠；三聚氰氯=3.3:1(mol)，烯丙醇：三聚氰氯=3.45:1(mol)；产品收率93.0%；含量≥98.5%。     

丙酸烯丙酯合成用催化剂述评

评述硫酸、六水三氯化铁、二水氯化亚锡、十二水合硫酸铁铵、硫酸铜、一水硫酸氢钠和强酸性阳离子交换树脂催化合成丙酸烯丙酯的方法。综合评价后认为,六水三氯化铁、二水氯化亚锡和强酸性阳离子交换树脂是在合成丙酸烯丙酯中具有实用价值的催化剂。     

三聚氰酸三烯丙酯的合成

以三聚氰氯和烯丙醇为原料，在强碱性条件下，以苯为反应介质，经缩合反应合成了TAC。其最佳工艺条件：反应温度5～10℃；反应时间2．5h；原料配比氢氧化钠：三聚氰氯=3．3：l(mo1)，烯丙醇：三聚氰氯=3．45：l(mo1)；产品收率93．0％，含量≥98．5％。     

异硫氰酸酯的合成方法及应用

介绍了异硫氰酸酯的合成方法及该系列化合物在杂环化合物的合成、生物技术领域、医疗领域的应用。     

异氰尿酸三烯丙酯的合成研究进展

介绍了异氰尿酸三烯丙酯的理化性质及应用。综述了异氰尿酸三烯丙酯的合成研究进展。     

Allyl Isothiocyanate Inhibits Actin-Dependent Intracellular Transport in Arabidopsis thaliana

Volatile allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) derives from the biodegradation of the glucosinolate sinigrin and has been associated with growth inhibition in several plants, including the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. However, the underlying cellular mechanisms of this feature remain scarcely investigated in plants. In this study, we present evidence of an AITC-induced inhibition of actin-dependent intracellular transport in A. thaliana. A transgenic line of A. thaliana expressing yellow fluorescent protein (YFP)-tagged actin filaments was used to show attenuation of actin filament movement by AITC. This appeared gradually in a time- and dose-dependent manner and resulted in actin filaments appearing close to static. Further, we employed four transgenic lines with YFP-fusion proteins labeling the Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), vacuoles and peroxisomes to demonstrate an AITC-induced inhibition of actin-dependent intracellular transport of or, in these structures, consistent with the decline in actin filament movement. Furthermore, the morphologies of actin filaments, ER and vacuoles appeared aberrant following AITC-exposure. However, AITC-treated seedlings of all transgenic lines tested displayed morphologies and intracellular movements similar to that of the corresponding untreated and control-treated plants, following overnight incubation in an AITC-absent environment, indicating that AITC-induced decline in actin-related movements is a reversible process. These findings provide novel insights into the cellular events in plant cells following exposure to AITC, which may further expose clues to the physiological significance of the glucosinolate-myrosinase system.     

烯丙基砜类化合物的研究进展

烯丙基砜结构广泛存在于生物学、药学活性分子中.磺酰基前体的烯丙基烷基化是合成烯丙基砜化合物的主要方法.综述了含硫小分子化合物参与构建烯丙基砜类化合物的研究进展并进行了展望.     

Colorimetric Estimation of Allyl Isothiocyanate Content in Mustard and Rapeseed Oils

A colorimetric method based on the colour reaction between allyl thiourea and potassium ferricyanide solution in dilute acetic acid has been developed for the determination of allyl isothiocyanate content in mustard and rapeseed oils. The method measures the optical density of the colour complex at 600 nm and it works in the range 2.5 to 7.5 μg of allyl isothiocyanate per ml of the colour solution. Mustard and rape oil samples analysed contain 0.40 to 0.6% of allyl isothiocyanate, with standard deviation of 0.002 to 0.016. The method takes around 3 hours and permits a number of sample analysis at a time.     

异硫氰酸酯与炔合成杂环化合物的研究进展

异硫氰酸酯和炔是有机反应中重要的部分,通过环加成反应、亲核反应等广泛应用于合成杂环化合物。异硫氰酸酯和炔官能团可以在同一分子内反应合成杂环,也可以多组分一锅煮反应合成杂环。相比较而言,异硫氰酸酯和炔在参与反应时,异硫氰酸酯的硫原子更易进攻反应底物,因此合成的杂环通常为含硫杂环。综述了异硫氰酸酯和炔用于合成苯并[1,3]噻嗪环、噻唑啉环和噻喃环等反应。     

烯丙基醚脱烯丙基保护研究进展

烯丙基用作胺基和羟基的保护基时,既能够在温和的条件下引入,又能够在温和的反应条件下选择性地脱去,同时对那些对酸碱敏感的基团并没有影响,因此被广泛应用于有机合成中。本文主要综述了近十年来利用烯丙基醚来脱烯丙基的机理及方法。     

异硫氰酸丁酯的合成研究

以正丁胺、三乙铵、二硫化碳和对甲苯磺酰氯为原料合成了目标化合物,其中较佳的合成条件为n(正丁胺)∶n(三乙铵)∶n(二硫化碳)=0.04∶0.064∶0.08,0℃反应2 h,得到N-丁基二硫代氨基甲酸三乙基铵盐,N-丁基二硫代氨基甲酸三乙基铵盐与对甲苯磺酰氯在20℃下反应2 h得到标题化合物,产率88.3%。采用红外光谱、气质联用和核磁共振对目标化合物结构进行了表征,并对其香气进行评价。     

Variation in Allyl Isothiocyanate Production Within Brassica Species and Correlation with Fungicidal Activity

Brassica nigra (black mustard) and B. juncea (Indian mustard) genotypes were tested for pathogen suppression and release of allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), a fungitoxic volatile produced in mustard tissue after enzymatic hydrolysis of allyl glucosinolate (sinigrin). In bioassays, 28 genotypes of B. nigra and 35 genotypes of B. juncea were screened for inhibition of the potato pathogens Helminthosporium solani and Verticillium dahliae by volatiles released from macerated leaf tissue. Release of AITC from plant tissue was quantified by gas chromatography; isothiocyanate profiles were determined by headspace analysis. All mustard genotypes produced compounds that suppressed radial growth of both fungi. Growth suppression and AITC release differed significantly (P < 0.001) among genotypes of B. nigra and B. juncea. Mustard treatments releasing >1.2 mg AITC/g plant tissue were fungicidal to both pathogens. Headspace analysis confirmed that allyl glucosinolate was the major glucosinolate in all genotypes of B. nigra tested; most genotypes also produced 2-phenylethyl-isothiocyanate (ITC). Brassica juncea genotypes produced variable amounts of AITC and other volatiles with antimicrobial activity, including 2-phenylethyl-ITC, benzyl-ITC, and 3-butenyl-ITC. Evaluating mustards from geographically diverse locations allowed selection of mustard genotypes that may be useful in breeding programs designed to develop disease-suppressing green manure cultivars.     

烯丙基酚醛树脂的合成与固化特性研究

合成了烯丙基线性酚醛树脂,研究了在加热和加热/催化剂条件下的固化特性,采用烯丙基化线性酚醛树脂与双马来酰亚胺反应形成共聚物,通过FTIR和DSC分别分析了树脂在无催化剂和磷酸三苯酯(TPP)催化条件下的固化和结构,研究结果表明:烯丙基化酚醛树脂,双马来酰亚胺改性烯丙基化酚醛树脂在加热条件下不需要固化剂可以实现加成固化。     

二步法催化合成烯丙基无规聚醚的研究

以烯丙醇、环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷为原料，通过烯丙基低聚物的制备和烯丙基大分子量聚醚的制备两步反应，合成了烯丙基无规聚醚，并考察了适宜的合成条件。烯丙基低聚物制备阶段，反应温度为90～110℃，加环氧乙烷／环氧丙烷（EO／PO）时间为2．0～2．5h，氢氧化钾用量为烯丙醇质量的1％。烯丙基大分子量聚醚制备阶段，烯丙基低聚物为起始剂，多金属氰化物（MMC）催化刺添加量为产品的0．225％o，脱水时间为60min，脱水温度为110℃，反应温度为110℃左右，加EO／PO时间为3．5h。制得的烯丙基无规聚醚外观为无色透明液体，色泽小于20，不饱和度大于2．23％。     

乙氧羰基烯丙基取代的肟醚类化合物的研究

采用"一锅法"来研究这一反应。由酮肟1与氢化钠作用产生酮肟阴离子2,酮肟阴离子再与α-乙氧羰基乙烯基膦酸二乙酯3作用产生膦酸酯取代的碳负离子4,该碳负离子进一步与醛作用得到α-乙氧羰基烯丙基肟醚化合物,产率在73%～79%。