利用磁通轨迹特征识别变压器励磁涌流

提出了一种基于磁通轨迹特征的变压器励磁涌流识别方法.该方法利用实测的变压器电压和电流量来推算变压器主磁通的轨迹,通过提取主磁通轨迹的特征来判断主磁通变化范围,从而确定变压器是否发生励磁涌流.仿真和实验结果证明了识别方法的可行性.     

基于磁通轨迹特征的变压器励磁涌流识别新方法

介绍了变压器保护正常动作率的现状,分析了当前比较流行的变压器励磁涌流判断方法,并指出缺陷。提出了一种基于磁通轨迹特征的变压器励磁涌流识别新方法,该方法根据变压器发生内部故障时铁心不饱和,而出现励磁涌流时铁心饱和的原理,利用实测的变压器电压和电流量推算变压器主磁通的轨迹,通过提取主磁通轨迹的特征来判断主磁通变化范围,从而确定变压器是否发生励磁涌流。仿真结果证明了识别方法的可行性。     

励磁涌流鉴别方法在变压器保护中的应用

励磁涌流的鉴别一直是变压器保护中的一个关键问题,文中针对目前国内外学者提出的励磁涌流识别原理和方法进行了分析和综述.并对目前现场采用的方法和一些现代智能理论鉴别中的应用进行了比较,指出了变压器励磁涌流在鉴别方法的研究和应用动向.     

变压器衰减励磁涌流的实用计算方法

分析了变压器励磁涌流的衰减机理,根据变压器等效电路,推导出衰减励磁涌流的递归计算方法。通过曲线拟合的方法,提出了涌流幅值和间断角随时间变化的实用计算公式,为变压器差动保护和后备保护的原理研究、整定计算提供了分析计算的工具。     

励磁涌流鉴别方法在变压器保护中的应用

励磁涌流的鉴别一直是变压器保护中的一个关键问题 ,文中针对目前国内外学者提出的励磁涌流识别原理和方法进行了分析和综述。并对目前现场采用的方法和一些现代智能理论鉴别中的应用进行了比较 ,指出了变压器励磁涌流在鉴别方法的研究和应用动向     

变压器衰减励磁涌流的实用计算方法

分析了变压器励磁涌流的衰减机理，根据变压器等效电路，推导出衰减励磁涌流的递归计算方法。通过曲线拟合的方法，提出了涌流幅值和间断角随时间变化的实用计算公式，为变压器差动保护和后备保护的原理研究、整定计算提供了分析计算的工具。     

变压器的励磁涌流及抑制方法

分析了变压器励磁涌流的产生机理、计算方法、特点及危害。通过具体事例阐述了控制合闸相角、合闸回路串联电阻及低压侧并联电容器等对变压器励磁涌流的抑制作用。     

基于差流符号序列特征的变压器励磁涌流识别判据

变压器在空载合闸的过程中,会产生幅值较大的励磁涌流,如不采取相应的闭锁措施,将导致变压器差动保护误动作。针对该问题,提出了一种基于差流符号序列特征的变压器励磁涌流识别判据。该判据首先对差流序列进行符号化处理,根据符号序列中相关模式序列出现的比例,量化表征差流波形的特征,实现对励磁涌流和故障差流的识别。利用PSCAD/EMTDC仿真软件验证了所提判据在各类区内外故障和励磁涌流工况下,以及各类工况伴随电流互感器饱和时的有效性。     

利用电流波形特征识别变压器励磁涌流和故障电流

提出一种利用波形特征快速区分变压器励磁涌流和内部故障电流的新方法。该方法基于涌流波形畸变严重,会呈现出尖顶波的凹弧特征,而故障电流基本保持正弦特征的思想,首先找出10ms数据窗内采样值的绝对值取得最大值的点,然后计算该点两侧相邻的2个采样步长组成的大梯形面积与2个单采样步长组成的小梯形面积和的差的总和来区分变压器励磁涌流和内部故障。动模实验表明：该方法能够快速切除变压器内部故障,动作时间约为10ms,所需时间较短,识别灵敏度高,并且实现方便,不受电流非周期分量的影响。     

Identifying magnetizing inrush in power transformers based on symmetry of current waveforms

This letter proposes a novel method for the discrimination between magnetizing inrush and internal fault in power transformers based on the similarity of the current waveforms. The proposed method first normalizes and sorts the sample points of the differential current in a full fundamental frequency cycle to obtain a new sequence which is independent of the magnitude and initial phase angle of the original signal. Afterward, three indices are introduced to measure the similarity between the new sequence and a template, which are used to discriminate the inrush from an internal fault. Simulation studies demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and its advantages over the conventional second harmonic restraint method. © 2017 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

A novel magnetizing inrush current suppressor of energized transformers

The magnetizing inrush possibly occurs when the transformer is energized in the case of no load or a light load. The reason rests with the saturation state or even deep saturation state of the transformer core due to many factors such as inception angles, residual flux, and so on. Both the transformer itself and the power quality in the power system will be adversely impacted by the magnetizing inrush. By utilizing the tertiary winding of a three‐windings transformer, a new technique called ‘magnetizing inrush suppressor’ (MIS) is proposed to eliminate the inrush. When the transformer is switched on, it allows the voltage on the tertiary winding to climb gradually and ensures that the voltages on both sides have the same phase but different magnitudes. In this case, the inrush current can be eliminated successfully. Finally, simulation tests based on PSCAD are performed and analyzed in detail, and the validity of the proposed approach is confirmed. © 2016 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

基于非饱和区等效瞬时电感的变压器励磁涌流鉴别方法

变压器的等效瞬时电感能够反映其饱和程度的变化,按照差流大小将变压器的运行状态划分为饱和区与非饱和区．分析了变压器经历励磁涌流和短路故障过程中,其等效瞬时电感值在饱和区与非饱和区内的变化范围及特点．根据非饱和区内等效瞬时电感大小区分励磁涌流和短路故障的方法。该方法原理清晰、整定简单、裕度大。试验结果证明,在区内短路故障以及带故障合闸时,该方法能够快速开放差动保护：在励磁涌流时,能够可靠闭锁差动保护,并有良好的抗电流互感器饱和特性．具有工程实际应用价值。     

基于模糊多判据的变压器励磁涌流识别新算法

在分析现有各种变压器励磁涌流识别算法的基础上 ,采用模糊集合理论 ,综合各判据的优点 ,得到一种较为理想的新算法 ,通过EMTP仿真计算 ,并考虑CT传变特性后 ,该模糊多判据算法能快速识别各种变压器内部故障和励磁涌流情况 ,克服了谐波制动原理在某些工况下的误判和延时动作问题     

自适应变压器励磁涌流判据研究

基于差流谐波正序分量的变压器励磁涌流判据能够有效识别励磁涌流和内部故障。为了进一步提高差动保护的励磁涌流闭锁可靠性和内部故障动作快速性,分析了变压器端电压及其基波正序分量突变量在励磁涌流和内部故障时的不同特征,由此确定了自适应控制因子Q,并将Q加入到差流谐波正序分量的励磁涌流判据中,进而提出了一种自适应变压器励磁涌流新判据。大量EMTP仿真及动模实验表明：新判据能够在励磁涌流时自动降低涌流制动定值,提高涌流的闭锁可靠性;在内部故障时自动升高涌流制动定值,提高区内故障时保护的动作速度。     

变压器励磁涌流的特性分析及应用

由于变压器励磁涌流的存在,使得变压器差动保护有别于其他主设备及线路的差动保护。在现场工作的许多继电保护技术人员往往对变压器励磁涌流的机理概念模糊,造成其定值整定缺乏理论指导,往往凭经验给定。分析了变压器励磁涌流产生的机理,并给出了简洁明了的计算方法。     

Compensation for magnetizing inrush currents in transformers using a PWM inverter

When a transformer is connected to a circuit, under certain conditions, magnetizing inrush currents may be about ten times the full load current of the transformer. The currents contain a large amount of harmonic components and cause some relays to trip out. In this paper, the magnetizing inrush currents are compensated using a PWM inverter. The magnetizing inrush currents are detected and the PWM inverter generates compensating currents for the inrush currents. Hysteresis current controllers are used for fast response. The validity of this compensation is investigated by the simulation results. In addition, hardware implementation for the compensator is accomplished to verify the simulation results. Moreover, for the compensator, the relation between the compensating characteristics, the maximum switching frequency, and the coupling reactor is discussed based on the simulation results. Finally, characteristics of two current controllers (hysteresis band current controller and ramp‐comparison controller) are compared and it is shown that the hysteresis band current controller is more suitable for the compensator. The PSCAD/EMTDC electromagnetic transient simulator is used for the simulations. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 140(2): 53–64, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.10023