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三热源制冷机的制冷系数的分析 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
推导出 q 正比于△1/T 传热情况下最大制冷率时,内可逆三热源制冷循环的制冷系数ε_m可表示为ε_m=T_L(T_H-T_0)/[TH(2T_0-T_L)-T_LT_0],而相应的最大制冷率为 R_(max)=(α/16)T_L(T_H-T_0)~2/[T_HT_0~2(T_H-T_L)]。其中,T_H,T_L 和 T_0分别为高温热源、制冷物体和环境温度,α为传热系数。所得结果不同于线性传热 q 正比于△T 情况下所得结果。 相似文献
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室温磁制冷研究新动态及应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
室温磁制冷是磁制冷技术发展的必然趋势.本文介绍了近10年室温磁制冷研究的最新动态,分析了磁制冷循环理论研究的结果,详细说明了室温磁制冷材料和样机的新近成果,并对室温磁制冷的商业化应用前景进行了展望. 相似文献
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用有限时间热力学方法分析工作在恒温热源TH、TL之间内可逆普适制冷机循环模型的炯经济性能,导出循环利润率与工质温比、制冷系数与工质温比的关系式,和利润率与制冷系数的特性关系。所得结果包含了内可逆Carnot、Diesel、Otto、Atkinson和Brayton制冷循环的有限时间炯经济性能。 相似文献
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在氩气气氛中用熔炼法制备了Er2-xCexFe17(x=0,0.05,0.08,0.1,0.15,0.2,0.3,0.4)化合物,通过粉末X射线衍射和SQUID磁强计研究了样品的结构、磁性和磁熵变.结果表明,Er2-xCexFe17化合物具有Th2Ni17型六方结构,通过成分微调使其居里温度处在室温附近.Er2-xCexFe17化合物的λ形(-△SM)-T曲线表明其在居里点附近发生的相变属于二级相变,它使化合物可在较宽温区范围内保持较大的磁熵变.当x=0.05~0.15时,Er2-xCexFe17化合物在2.0和5.0 T外场作用下的最大磁熵变达到金属Gd的40~50%,且其化学性质稳定、制冷温区宽、价格低廉,是一类性价比较高、应用潜力较大的新型低场室温磁制冷工质材料. 相似文献
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Research on performance of regenerative room temperature magnetic refrigeration cycle 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Yu Bingfeng Zhang Yan Gao Qiang Yang Dexi 《International Journal of Refrigeration》2006,29(8):1348-1357
On the basis of classical Langevin theory along with statistical mechanics, thermodynamics and magnetism, a new expression of magnetocaloric parameters used for room temperature magnetic refrigeration is proposed, which is briefer and more accurate than the existing one, providing a new way for studying performance of regenerative room temperature magnetic Ericsson refrigeration cycle. Influences of temperature of heat reservoirs and magnetic intensity on cycle refrigeration capacity and coefficient of performance are analyzed. The results show that the maximal temperature span of the cycle increases but its increasing rate decreases with the increase of magnetic field strength. In addition, there exists only one maximum value of effective refrigerating capacity. Two cycles with the same COP can reach a same temperature span under a certain magnetic field strength. A large magnetic field strength can improve COP but the increase rate of COP decreases. 相似文献
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提出R404A直接接触凝结换热的制冷循环,分析R404A直接接触凝结制冷循环的热力性能,并与常规双级压缩制冷循环的性能进行对比。得出结论:在一定的冷凝温度、蒸发温度和过冷液体的过冷度下,直接接触凝结制冷循环存在最佳的饱和液体温度,并在此最佳的饱和液体温度下,获得最优的性能和最小的冷凝热负荷,随着过冷液体的过冷度增大和蒸发温度升高,直接接触凝结制冷循环的性能系数增加、冷凝热负荷减少,获得最优性能的最佳饱和液体温度值提高。过冷液体的过冷度为25℃时,直接接触凝结制冷循环的最佳性能系数较双级压缩制冷循环的最佳性能系数提高6.2%。直接接触凝结制冷循环的最小冷凝热负荷较双级压缩制冷循环的最小冷凝热负荷减小1.8%。 相似文献
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There is the prospect of a fundamental new application for magnetic materials as the working substance in thermodynamic cycles. Recuperative cycles which use a rare-earth ferromagnetic material near its Curie point in the field of a superconducting magnet appear feasible for applications from below 20K to above room temperature. The elements of the cycle, advanced in an earlier paper, are summarized. The basic advantages include high entropy density in the magnetic material, completely reversible processes, convenient control of the entropy by the applied field, the feature that heat transfer is possible during all processes, and the ability of the ideal cycle to attain Carnot efficiency. The mean field theory is used to predict the entropy of a ferromagnet in an applied field and also the isothermal entropy change and isentropic temperature change caused by applying a field. Results are presented for J=7/2 and g=2. The results for isentropic temperature change are compared with experimental data on Gd. Coarse mixtures of ferromagnetic materials with different Curie points are proposed to modify the path of the cycle in the T-S diagram in order to improve the efficiency or to increase the specific power. 相似文献
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《低温学》1985,25(12):667-683
A general approach to the problem of refrigeration optimization is presented based on the concept that the most appropriate and meaningful measure of the level of refrigeration is the product of entropy absorbed by the refrigerant at the cycle cold temperature, ΔSc, and the temperature span, ΔT, over which it is pumped. Results are presented of mean-field calculations of ΔScΔT, the refrigerant capacity, for ferromagnetic, paramagnetic, and antiferromagnetic refrigerants as a function of the various operating parameters and those values that lead to maximization of refrigerant capacity are shown. Good agreement is found with values of ΔScΔT obtained from experimentally determined magnetic entropies. Several prototype magnetic refrigerators have been analysed using this approach and alternatives are suggested. In addition it is proposed that useful measures of the performance of a refrigerant-cycle combination are given by two ratios. These ratios are of refrigerant capacity to the energy in the applied magnetic field over the volume of the refrigerant and of refrigerant capacity to the positive work done on the refrigerant in one cycle. For T < ≈ 20 K, maximum values of these ratios for optimized ferromagnetic refrigerant cycles typically occur for applied magnetic fields of < 1 T. This is achievable using permanent, rather than superconducting, magnets. It is concluded that two of the greatest needs for further development of low temperature magnetic refrigeration are finding and characterizing ferromagnetic refrigerants with appropriate Curie temperatures (compounds containing Eu2+ appear promising), and the analysis and development of regenerative magnetic cycles using He gas as a heat transfer medium that take full advantage of optimized ferromagnetic refrigerant cycles in fields < 1 T. 相似文献
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Thermodynamics of magnetic refrigeration 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
A comprehensive treatment of the thermodynamics of cyclic magnetic refrigeration processes is presented. It starts with a review of the work, heat and internal energy of a magnetized specimen in a magnetic field, and a list of the thermodynamic potentials is given. These are based on the very recent discovery of an alternative Kelvin force. It is shown that this force is compatible with the internal energy proposed by Landau and Lifshitz. New formulas for the specific enthalpies are presented. Cyclic processes are discussed in detail, e.g. the Brayton, Ericsson and Carnot cycles. Magnetic refrigeration and magnetic heat pump cycles are preferably designed by applying the cascade or/and regeneration principle. Cascade systems allow wider temperature ranges to be obtained. The main objective of this article is to yield a theoretical basis for an optimal design of new magnetic refrigeration and heat pump devices. 相似文献
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The thermodynamic cycle performance of Gadolinium (Gd) and Gd0.87Dy0.13 used as the working substance in regeneration magnetic Brayton and Ericsson refrigeration cycles are investigated under different external magnetic field conditions. Based on the experimental iso-field heat capacities of Gd with different magnetic fields, the effects of magnetic field change on thermodynamic performances including the magnetic entropy change, cooling quantity, non-perfect regeneration, net cooling quantity, and coefficient of performance (COP) are analyzed and discussed. The present work shows the possibility of reducing the regenerative losses and thereby improving the net cooling quantity for a given field change by selecting optimal initial and final magnetic field values. The similar analysis and calculation of the related thermodynamic performances are further applied to the magnetic material Gd0.87Dy0.13 which exhibits better net cooling quantities when compared to Gd at low temperature. 相似文献
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Based on the thermodynamic properties of a paramagnetic salt, an irreversible model of the magnetic Brayton refrigeration cycle is established, in which the working substance is a special paramagnetic material. The expressions of the important performance parameters, such as the coefficient of performance, refrigeration load and work input, are derived. Moreover, the optimal performance parameters are obtained at the maximum coefficient of performance. The results obtained here may include the ones of the magnetic Brayton refrigeration cycle using the magnetic material obeyed the Curie law as the working substance, the magnetic Brayton refrigeration cycle without regeneration and the eversible magnetic Brayton refrigeration cycle. Therefore, the results obtained here have general significance and will be helpful to deeply understand the performance of a magnetic Brayton refrigeration cycle. 相似文献