饮料酒中丙烯醛前处理与检测方法研究进展

丙烯醛是一种高活性不饱和醛,其广泛存在于饮料酒中。丙烯醛容易和DNA、巯基化合物、蛋白质等细胞内活性物质发生反应,表现出细胞毒性、生殖毒性和遗传毒性,且已表明与多种疾病相关。本文综述了本世纪以来饮料酒中丙烯醛的研究现状,分别对样品前处理技术以及分析检测方法进行了详细介绍,并展望了饮料酒丙烯醛的研究趋势。     

整车VOC检测中丙烯醛和丙酮分离条件的优化

随着对车内空气污染物对人体危害的不断深入研究,我国已发布《乘用车内空气质量评价指南》(GB/T 27630-2011),规定了甲醛、乙醛、丙烯醛等8种物质为定量检测的污染物。采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)对甲醛、乙醛、丙烯醛进行定量分析,文章经过对不同柱温、流速、流动相配比等色谱柱条件的优化,有效的对丙烯醛和丙酮进行了分离,消除了丙酮对丙烯醛在定量检测中的叠加影响,提供更加准确、科学的整车VOC检测结果,为整车VOC的改善提供有效的技术支撑。     

油田杀菌剂中甲醛、丙烯醛的快速定性检测

甲醛与丙烯醛是重要的环境污染物，简便快捷的检测出油田杀菌剂中的甲醛与丙烯醛非常重要。对使用希夫试剂、间苯二胺溶液简便检测甲醛、丙烯醛的方法做了研究，得出了水溶液及杀菌剂溶液中甲醛、丙烯醛的检出限。     

丙烯醛水合液化学分析方法的研究

丙烯醛水合反应液中主要含有产物和丙烯醛，本文用化学分析方法检测出未反应的丙烯醛，得出反应的转化率来监测反应。     

丙烯醛的生产及应用

综述了国内外丙烯醛的生产能力与需求情况 ,着重讨论了丙烯氧化法制备丙烯醛的生产工艺和产品质量 ;简述了利用丙烯醛制备蛋氨酸、戊二醛、甲基吡啶、甘油等产品的生产方法及技术特点。同时对丙烯醛在聚合物及其它工业中的应用也作了相应报道     

丙烯醛、环氧氯丙烷工业化合成新技术开发成功

江苏工业学院精细化工研究所以甘油为原料合成丙烯醛及环氧氯丙烷工业化生产技术已开发成功。随着国内生物柴油产量的不断扩大，其副产物甘油也随之增加，价格逐渐下跌，以低成本的甘油作为原料生产丙烯醛和环氧氯丙烷是典型的非石油路线合成有机化学品的新技术。丙烯醛和环氧氯丙烷均是国内外需求量大的有机化学品，该技术的开发成功意义十分重大。该技术合成丙烯醛的收率已超过80％且采取了连续反应工艺。这两项技术在经过工业放大试验后可建设年产50kt的生产装置，     

1,3-丙二醇生产技术进展

本文综述了1，3-丙二醇的主要生产方法环氧乙烷羰基化法、丙烯醛水合加氢法和微生物发酵法的技术进展，其中丙烯醛水合加氢法是目前最适合中国国情的生产方法。     

气相色谱法测定香烟中丙烯醛的研究

本文研究了香烟中的丙烯醛的测定方法，采用硅胶吸附丙烯醛，蒸馏水解析，气相色谱法进行测定。本方法在5ug／ml-300ug／ml范围内线形关系良好，最小检出限5ug／ml，加标回收率85．90％-91．20％，平均变异系数4.4％。方法操作简便，灵敏度高，重现性好，适用于香烟中丙烯醛的检测。     

丙烯酸生产新工艺关键技术研发成功

由中石油兰州石化公司石化研究院研发成功的丙烯氧化制丙烯醛、丙烯酸催化剂是“丙烯酸酯成套技术国产化”项目的核心技术之一。这种催化剂属于一种多元复合氧化物，主要应用于丙烯氧化制丙烯醛、丙烯酸，异丁烯氧化制甲基丙烯醛等反应中。     

丙烯酸生产新工艺关键技术研发成功

由中石油兰州石化公司石化研究院研发成功的丙烯氧化制丙烯醛、丙烯酸催化剂是“丙烯酸酯成套技术国产化”项目的核心技术之一。这种催化剂属于一种多元复合氧化物，主要应用于丙烯氧化制丙烯醛、丙烯酸，异丁烯氧化制甲基丙烯醛等反应中。     

丙烯醛温和液相反应制备3-甲基吡啶工艺

以丙烯醛为原料,通过单因素实验,建立了优化的温和液相反应合成3-甲基吡啶的优化工艺条件：以乙二醇单丁醚为溶剂,反应温度140℃,料液比n(丙烯醛):n(乙二醇单丁醚)=1:33,n(丙烯醛):n(乙酸铵)=1:8,w(丙烯醛正丁酸溶液)=8%,m(丙烯醛):m(SO24-/TiO2-HZSM-5催化剂)=1:1.4。在优化条件下,实现了丙烯醛转化率100%,3-甲基吡啶选择性49.92%。     

工业丙烯酸催化剂研究进展Ⅰ.丙烯醛催化剂

催化剂是丙烯两步气相催化氧化法生产丙烯醛和丙烯酸的核心。跟踪了国内外主要丙烯醛催化剂专利商的研究动向,对工业生产关注的丙烯醛催化剂的研究进展进行综述,并展望丙烯醛催化剂的发展前景。     

Synthesis of acrolein by gas‐phase dehydration of glycerol over silica supported Bronsted acidic ionic liquid catalysts

BACKGROUND: Glycerol has become readily available as a byproduct from the biodiesel industry. High functionality and relatively low price make it a potential building block to produce value‐added derivatives such as acrolein. RESULTS: Dehydration of glycerol to acrolein was performed over several silica supported Brønsted acidic ionic liquids as catalysts. All the catalysts prepared were active for the synthesis of acrolein (conversion of glycerol was observed in the range 35–90% with selectivity to acrolein in the range 29–58%). CONCLUSIONS: Catalyst prepared from triphenyl (3‐sulfopropyl) phosphonium 4‐methylbenzenesulfonate gave good activity and selectivity at 4 h reaction time. The conversion of glycerol decreased with increase in glycerol concentration. Higher temperature (325 °C) resulted in significantly lower conversion as well as selectivity to acrolein. With the use of two additional traps cooled to ? 7 °C, the selectivity to acrolein increased significantly for good catalysts. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

Using SPME-GC/MS to Evaluate Acrolein Production in Cassava and Pork Sausage Fried in Different Vegetable Oils

This work presents the quantification of acrolein in cassava and pork sausage fried (temperature of 170 °C) in five different vegetables oils: canola, palm, sunflower, soybean and corn using a method of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) combined with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The results showed that the highest concentration of acrolein was found in samples fried in sunflower oil and canola oil. The concentration of acrolein in pork sausage (3.7 and 2.0 ng/g/g) was lower than in cassava (10.2 and 3.8 ng) when fried in sunflower and soybean oils, respectively. In contrast, when the denser oils (canola and palm) were used for frying, the concentration of acrolein in pork sausage (6.3 and 3.8 ng/g) was higher than in cassava (3.7 and 2.8 ng/g). Using corn oil, the concentrations of acrolein in both cassava and sausage were similar (approximately 5 ng/g). The viscosity of the oil, the fatty acid composition, especially the level of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids from the food, and oil uptake are factors that influence the acrolein concentration found in fried food.     

丙烯醛路线制备3-甲基吡啶研究进展

综述了以丙烯醛为原料制备3-甲基吡啶的研究进展。有氨和催化剂存在的条件下,甲醛、乙醛、丙醛或丙酮均可以和丙烯醛发生反应生成3-甲基吡啶。研究人员对催化剂的性能和产物的分离提纯做了大量的实验。本文认为采用丙烯醛路线对于提高反应选择性具有重要作用,指出该路线的关键问题是解决其自身聚合问题。     

Linolenic Acid as the Main Source of Acrolein Formed During Heating of Vegetable Oils

Acrolein, which is an irritating and off-flavor compound formed during heating of vegetable oils, was estimated by the gas–liquid chromatography (GLC). Several vegetable oils such as high-oleic sunflower, perilla, rapeseed, rice bran, and soybean oils were heated at 180 °C for 480 min and then the concentration of acrolein in the head space gas was determined by GLC. The formation of acrolein was greatest in perilla oil among the tested oils, while it was much lower in rice bran oil and high-oleic sunflower oil. There was a good correlation between the level of acrolein and linolenate (18:3n-3) in the vegetable oils. To investigate the formation of acrolein from linolenate, methyl oleate, methyl linoleate, and methyl linolenate were also heated at 180 °C, and the amounts of acrolein formed from them were determined by GLC. The level of acrolein was the greatest in methyl linolenate. Acrolein was also formed from methyl linoleate, but not from methyl oleate. Acrolein in vegetable oils may be formed from polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially linolenic acid but not from glycerol backbone in triacylglycerols.     

Low-Dose Acrolein,an Endogenous and Exogenous Toxic Molecule,Inhibits Glucose Transport via an Inhibition of Akt-Regulated GLUT4 Signaling in Skeletal Muscle Cells

Urinary acrolein adduct levels have been reported to be increased in both habitual smokers and type-2 diabetic patients. The impairment of glucose transport in skeletal muscles is a major factor responsible for glucose uptake reduction in type-2 diabetic patients. The effect of acrolein on glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle remains unclear. Here, we investigated whether acrolein affects muscular glucose metabolism in vitro and glucose tolerance in vivo. Exposure of mice to acrolein (2.5 and 5 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks substantially increased fasting blood glucose and impaired glucose tolerance. The glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4) protein expression was significantly decreased in soleus muscles of acrolein-treated mice. The glucose uptake was significantly decreased in differentiated C2C12 myotubes treated with a non-cytotoxic dose of acrolein (1 μM) for 24 and 72 h. Acrolein (0.5–2 μM) also significantly decreased the GLUT4 expression in myotubes. Acrolein suppressed the phosphorylation of glucose metabolic signals IRS1, Akt, mTOR, p70S6K, and GSK3α/β. Over-expression of constitutive activation of Akt reversed the inhibitory effects of acrolein on GLUT4 protein expression and glucose uptake in myotubes. These results suggest that acrolein at doses relevant to human exposure dysregulates glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle cells and impairs glucose tolerance in mice.     

生物柴油副产物粗甘油催化氧化脱水制备丙烯酸

用生物柴油副产物粗甘油催化氧化脱水制丙烯酸,该过程耦合了甘油脱水制丙烯醛和丙烯醛选择性氧化制备丙烯酸两步反应。结果表明,在甘油脱水反应中,使用Cs3PW12O40, P-ZSM-5和Co0.5H2PO4/SiO2等固体酸催化剂,可得到较高的丙烯醛收率(最高86.9%)。利用上述催化剂和MoVW基氧化催化剂,在脱水/氧化双催化剂床层构型反应器中,以甘油为原料合成丙烯酸的收率达50%~80%,直接加入粗甘油可获得相似的丙烯酸收率。     

丙烯醛/氨反应制备3-甲基吡啶的研究进展

综述了丙烯醛/氨反应制备3-甲基吡啶的方法,主要包括液相釜式反应法、气相固定床反应法和气相流化床反应法3种。介绍了这些方法的工艺特点,评述了其优缺点及所涉及的催化剂。对丙烯醛/氨反应制备3-甲基吡啶过程所需要着重解决的问题进行了归纳总结。并简介了3-甲基吡啶的合成机理。同时,对于丙烯醛/氨反应制备3-甲基吡啶技术的发展前景也进行了展望,认为介孔材料和固体酸催化剂应用于该反应及合成机理的深入研究是未来的发展方向之一。