过时CSI下全双工中继辅助D2D网络的物理层安全

中继辅助终端直通（devicetodevice,D2D）网络通过与蜂窝网络共享频谱提高D2D用户的频谱效率和蜂窝用户（cellular user,CU）的物理层安全性。为进一步改善其性能,可以在基站和D2D链路的中继节点采用天线选择以及在中继节点采用全双工技术。然而,由于存在反馈时延和移动性,用于蜂窝链路和所有D2D链路天线选择的信道状态信息（channelstateinformation,CSI）均可能是过时的,针对该场景下的物理层安全性和可靠性问题,提出一种主动窃听和过时CSI场景下基站和中继节点均采用发射天线选择的全双工中继辅助D2D网络安全模型,推导CU的中断概率、遍历容量、非零安全容量概率、安全中断概率、渐近安全中断概率的解析表达式。数值计算与仿真结果均表明,基站发射天线数、中继干扰天线数越多,CU的安全性能越好;过时的CSI会降低CU的中断性能和安全性能。     

分布式虚拟小区网络及其反向链路容量分析

本文提出了一种新的无线系统结构:基于分布式天线的分布式虚拟小区网络.在新型无线系统结构里,虚拟小区可自主移动与改变面积,这有益于容量提高,给无线资源管理带来诸多方便;其次,在不考虑阴影效应和多径衰落的情况下,对虚拟小区的反向容量进行了理论计算分析,并与分布式天线系统进行了对比.理论分析证明,虚拟小区可以降低用户发射功率,从而减少多用户干扰,提高系统容量.     

倾斜天线蜂窝系统的双向信道优化模型

地面基站天线倾斜是提高CDMA蜂窝系统容量和平衡小区负载的有效方法之一.本文通过对倾斜天线蜂窝系统的切换问题的研究,提出了在计算系统容量时,同时考虑前向信道和反向信道的双向信道分析方法,使得系统容量的计算更为合理.利用这一模型,得出了在用户均匀分布和非均匀分布情况下的最佳天线倾斜角度.仿真结果表明,利用本文的方法,系统的实际容量比单独考虑反向信道时有显著的提高.     

三小区环境中基于三角分解的低复杂度干扰对齐算法

针对3小区每小区2个边缘用户的MIMO下行链路,在不改变系统自由度的前提下对联合信道进行下三角分解得到系统的等效模型;在此基础上,根据不同小区受到的干扰不同,该文提出一种线性干扰对齐算法同时消除小区间干扰和小区内干扰。该算法利用联合信道分解可以先消除一半的小区间干扰,并根据不同小区的用户设计其干扰抑制矩阵,减少了用户端接收矩阵个数及相应处理,从而降低了接收端的复杂度。仿真表明,随着数据流的增加,系统容量和能量效率都有明显的提高,在自由度相同的情况下,天线数不同对系统容量和能量效率有较大影响。     

一种新的基于3D有源天线组网的干扰协调方案

传统2D有源天线仅能进行水平维的波束调整,而3D有源天线能够结合垂直维的波束调整,提升系统的吞吐量.由于3D有源天线组网的干扰情况与2D完全不同,需要研究新的干扰协调方案,本文提出一种基于3D有源天线组网的干扰协调方案,通过相邻基站间交互各自对系统资源的使用信息,使得基站间可协调分配系统资源,降低了系统整体干扰水平.仿真结果表明,提出的方案可有效地抑制小区间干扰,提升边缘用户的性能乃至整个小区的平均吞吐量.     

基于面阵的三维空间信道模型

5G宽带无线系统需要满足极高频谱效率性能需求,全维多输入多输出(Fulldimension Multiple Input Multiple Output,FD-MIMO)传输技术已成为该系统的潜在的物理层技术之一.3GPP 25.996技术规范涉及了二维(Two-Dimensional,2D)双极化空间信道模型(Spatial Channel Model,SCM),它主要考虑了MIMO系统水平维度的方位角度功率谱,未考虑垂直维度的仰角功率谱.基于几何统计的2D SCM模型和极化MIMO信道模型,研究了基站端采用均匀面阵的三维空间信道模型(Three-Dimensional SCM,3D SCM),该信道模型将便于评估FD-MIMO设计的性能.基于计算机模拟,在含有直达径和反射分量的传播环境下,对比了线阵和面阵配置,研究了角度扩展和交叉极化鉴别率对互信息的影响.最后,研究了基站下倾角对小区覆盖的影响.     

基于信干噪比的D2D通信功率控制与资源分配

为了优化长期演进(LTE)系统引入设备直传(D2D)通信后带来的同频干扰、系统边缘用户性能恶化问题,提出一种基于信干噪比(SINR)的多小区D2D通信资源分配方案,通过调整信干噪比阈值将部分蜂窝用户(CU)转化为D2D用户并释放频谱资源进而获得较佳的资源分配策略,同时提出一种基于小区间D2D竞争机制的配置算法有效降低小区间干扰.仿真表明,算法能够有效提升系统容量,并提升小区边缘D2D用户公平性.     

NOMA-D2D协作无线系统的物理层安全

针对未来海量用户设备接入的物理层安全（physical layer security，PLS）应用需求，提出了一种组合非正交多址接入（non-orthogonal multiple access，NOMA）、终端直通（device-to-device，D2D）与中继协作的NOMA-D2D协作无线系统PLS模型。该模型由采用发射天线选择（transmit antenna selection，TAS）的基站、分别作为基站和D2D发射端的NOMA远端蜂窝用户、D2D接收端以及被动窃听者组成，其中的D2D发射端承担基站的 NOMA 近端用户和解码转发中继两种角色。利用高斯—切比雪夫正交定理推导两种 TAS 方案下NOMA-D2D协作无线系统的安全中断概率、非零安全容量概率以及渐近安全中断概率的近似表达式。数值计算和仿真实验验证了NOMA-D2D协作无线系统PLS性能分析的准确性；在基站总功率恒定时增大分配给远端蜂窝用户的功率能有效提升NOMA-D2D协作无线系统的PLS性能。     

三角形蜂窝小区的遍历信息论容量分析

三角形小区通信系统（TCCS）是一种新型分布式基站（BS）通信系统。小区结构为正三角形,分为3个单一覆盖区（UCR）和1个交叉覆盖区（CCR）。移动台（MS）在单一覆盖区内只与邻近的BS通信,在交叉覆盖区内与小区所有3个基站通信。在该小区结构的基础上,该文提出了在单一覆盖区内采用频率复用,在交叉覆盖区内采用宏分集的频率规划方案。在这种规划方案和每根天线最大发送功率限制下,计算了多小区环境下TCCS在MS单天线和多天线时的遍历容量,与相同条件下的广义分布式天线系统（GDAS）作了比较,结果显示在各种情况下,TCCS的容量相对于GDAS都有显著的增益。     

三小区多用户MIMO系统中干扰对齐优化算法

针对三小区多用户MIMO干扰信道系统,通过一个启发性例子,联合设计发射预编码矩阵和接收赋形矩阵,给出基于特征向量闭式解的干扰对齐优化算法,相比已有干扰对齐算法,用户端可使用更少的天线资源获得相同的自由度性能,且只需本小区内用户协作共享信道信息;并归纳出普适场景下系统配置与可达自由度之间的关系：设定每个小区中的基站配置M根天线和K个用户,用户配置N根天线,各个基站对本小区中每个用户都发送d个数据流,当M=N≥2 Kd时,所提算法总共可获得3 Kd个自由度。所提算法可以完全消除小区间干扰和用户间干扰,相比传统的正交化干扰抑制算法,系统容量得到了明显地提升。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.