High Input Impedance Voltage-Mode Universal Biquadratic Filter with Three Inputs Using DDCCs

A new high input impedance voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter with three input terminals and five output terminals is presented. The proposed circuit uses three plus-type differential difference current conveyors, two grounded resistors and two grounded capacitors. The proposed circuit can realize all the standard filter functions: lowpass, bandpass, highpass, notch and allpass, without component matching conditions. The proposed circuit offers the features of high input impedance, low active and passive sensitivities and the use of only grounded resistors and capacitors.     

High Input Impedance Voltage-Mode Universal Biquadratic Filter with Three Inputs and Six Outputs Using Three DDCCs

A new high input impedance voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter with three input terminals and six output terminals is presented. The proposed circuit uses three plus-type differential difference current conveyors (DDCCs), three resistors, and two grounded capacitors. The proposed circuit can realize all the standard filter functions, namely, lowpass, bandpass, highpass, notch, and allpass, simultaneously, without component matching conditions. The proposed circuit still offers the features of high input impedance, using only grounded capacitors, and orthogonal controllability of resonance angular frequency and quality factor.     

High Input Impedance Voltage-Mode Universal Biquadratic Filter with One Input and Five Outputs Using Current Conveyors

A new high input impedance voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter with one input terminal and five output terminals is presented. The proposed circuit uses three differential voltage current conveyors (DVCCs), four resistors, and two grounded capacitors. The proposed circuit can realize all the standard filter functions—lowpass, bandpass, highpass, notch, and allpass—simultaneously, without changing the passive elements. The proposed circuit enjoys the features of high input impedance, orthogonal control of resonance angular frequency and quality factor, use of only grounded capacitors, and low active and passive sensitivities.     

A new electronically tunable current mode universal filter using MO-CCCII

A new electronically tunable universal current mode biquad filter structure employing three multiple output current controlled conveyors (MOCCCII) and two grounded capacitors is presented. The proposed filter offers the following advantageous features: low input impedance and high output impedance—a desirable property of current mode filters; realization of low pass, band pass, high pass, notch, and all pass; no matching constraint; low sensitivity performance and use of grounded capacitors suitable for integration. The practical design problems due to nonlinearities of MOCCCIIs have also been addressed. The feasibility of the design is confirmed via SPICE simulations.     

Electronically controlled high input and low output impedance voltage mode multifunction filter with grounded capacitors

In this study, a three-input single-output voltage-mode biquadratic filter employing voltage differencing differential input buffered amplifier (VD-DIBA) is presented. The proposed filter uses two VD-DIBAs and two grounded capacitors without any external resistors, which is well suited for integrated circuit implementation. The circuit provides five standard transfer functions, namely, low pass, high pass, band pass, notch and all pass filters with electronic control of quality factor and pole frequency. Each transfer function can be selected by suitably selecting input signals via digital method. The filter does not require inverting of the input voltage signal. Moreover, the circuit possesses high input and low output impedances and thus it enables simple voltage-mode cascading. The PSPICE simulation and also experimental results are included, verifying the workability of the proposed filter. The given results agree well with the theoretical anticipation.     

High output impedance current-mode universal biquadratic filters with five inputs using multi-output CCIIs

Three current-mode universal biquadratic filters each with five input terminals and one output terminal are presented. The first proposed circuit uses three multi-output second-generation current conveyors, two grounded capacitors and three resistors. This circuit offers the following advantageous features: orthogonal controllability of resonance angular frequency and quality factor, high output impedance, the versatility to synthesize all standard filter types without component matching condition and using grounded capacitors. The second proposed circuit uses three multi-output second-generation current conveyors, two grounded capacitors and two resistors. This circuit offers the following advantageous features: using minimum passive components, high output impedance, the versatility to synthesize all standard filter types without component matching condition and using grounded capacitors. The third proposed circuit uses three multi-output second-generation current conveyors, two grounded capacitors and three grounded resistors. This circuit offers the following advantageous features: the versatility to synthesize all standard filter types, high output impedance and using only grounded passive components. Each of the proposed circuits can get five kinds of filter functions by using only one current input signal.     

Voltage-mode FDCCII-based universal filters

Three new voltage-mode universal biquadratic filters configuration are proposed. The first proposed high-input impedance universal filter with single input and five outputs, which can simultaneously realize voltage-mode lowpass (LP), bandpass (BP), highpass (HP), bandstop (BS) and allpass (AP) filter responses employing all grounded passive components. The second proposed high-input impedance universal filter with three input and single output, which also can realize all the standard filter functions without requiring any inverting input voltage signal. The third proposed universal filter with three inputs and five outputs, which can be used as either a three-input single-output or a two-input five-output universal filter. Moreover, each of the proposed circuits still enjoys (i) the employment of only grounded capacitors, and (ii) no requirement with the component choice conditions to realize specific filtering functions.     

基于对传统的抽头式带通滤波器进行结构改良的六阶S波段SIR带通滤波器设计

利用低温共烧陶瓷（LTTC）工艺,成功研制一款以波长阶跃阻抗谐振器（SIR）满足对应性能指标的六阶带通滤波器。为了提高反馈性能并抑制干扰信号,于是采用四分之一波长的阶跃阻抗谐振器设计一款典型的六阶带通滤波器,并通过仿真与试样测试来验证带通滤波器的改进结构特性,理论与试样实验分析结果表明,该带通滤波器的抗干扰性能好,整体的制造工艺简单,且花费的成本偏低,适合在市场内进行推广     

High-Input and Low-Output Impedance Voltage-Mode Universal Biquadratic Filter Using DDCCs

A new three inputs and single output voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter with high-input and low-output impedance using three plus-type differential difference current conveyors, two grounded capacitors and two grounded resistors is presented. The proposed circuit offers the following features: realization of all the standard filter functions, that is, high-pass, bandpass, low-pass, notch, and all-pass filters, no requirements for component matching conditions, the use of only grounded capacitors and resistors, high-input and low-output impedance and low active and passive sensitivities.     

Cyclostationarity-based model for noise analysis of charge amplification with correlated double sampling

A lossless floating inductance has been simulated using two differential voltage current conveyors, two resistors and one grounded capacitor. The proposed floating inductance needs not component matching condition. Base on the proposed floating inductance as building block, a new voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter with one input and five outputs can be obtained. The proposed universal biquad uses two differential voltage current conveyors, three resistors and two grounded capacitors. All standard filter functions; highpass, bandpass, lowpass, notch and allpass can be obtained, simultaneously, without changing the passive elements. The proposed universal biquad has the features of using only grounded capacitors and orthogonal controllable of resonance angular frequency and quality factor.     

Universal filter with three inputs using CCII+

A voltage-mode universal filter with three inputs and one output using only plus-type current conveyors (CCII+) is presented. This circuit uses three CCII+s, three resistors and a minimum number of capacitors. It has low sensitivity, low output impedance and low component spread. The use of only CCII+s simplifies the configuration     

High output impedance current-mode third-order Butterworth filter topologies employing unity gain voltage buffers and equal-valued passive components

This paper presents eight new current mode third-order band pass filter topologies employing unity-gain active elements, three resistances and three capacitors. An additional topology is identical to a previously reported one, repeated here for completeness. Using equal passive components, all of the proposed topologies realize third-order BP Butterworth filter function, which can easily be converted to a LP if they are cascaded with an integrator, Therefore, without any component spread the circuits are attractive from the integration point of view. In each of the circuits, except one topology, one of the unity gain cells can be replaced by a second-generation current conveyor to pick up the output current and to obtain a high impedance output. The high output impedance provided by the current conveyor permits easy cascadability for the proposed circuits to construct high-order communication filters. Simulation and experimental results are included to verify theory.     

New Universal Filter with One Input and Five Outputs Using Current-Feedback Amplifiers

A new universal voltage-mode second-order filter circuit is presented. The circuit uses five current-feedback operational amplifiers, two grounded capacitors three grounded resistors and three floating resistors. The circuit can realize all the standard filter functions; lowpass, highpass, bandpass, notch and allpass, without changing the passive elements. The proposed circuit enjoys independent grounded-resistance-control of the natural frequency and the bandwidth, low output impedances, high input impedance as well as low active and passive sensitivities.     

Versatile multifunction universal voltage-mode biquadratic filter

A new versatile multifunction universal biquadratic filter with four inputs and four outputs employing one differential difference current conveyor, one full differential current conveyor, two grounded capacitors and two grounded resistors is proposed. The proposed configuration can be used as either three-input single-output voltage-mode universal filter with high-input and low-output impedance or single-input four-output voltage-mode multifunction filter with high-input impedance. It still maintains the following advantages: (i) the employment of only two current conveyors, (ii) the employment of only grounded capacitors, (iii) the employment of only grounded resistors, (iv) no need to employ inverting type input signals, (v) no need to impose component choice conditions to realize specific filtering functions and (vi) low active and passive sensitivity performances.     

Nth order current mode universal filter using MOCCCIIs

This article presents a new current mode single-input-multiple-output nth order universal filter. The proposed circuit employs (n + 1) number multiple output second generation current conveyors and n number grounded capacitors only. Presented circuits can realize current mode low pass, high pass, band pass, notch and all pass responses simultaneously at different high output impedance terminals. The current mode filter circuit provides low input impedance by selecting the proper value of bias current and also has high output impedance, which is suitable for cascading. The circuit offers some important features such as resistor less realization, no passive component matching constraints, low sensitivity, electronic tunability and active-C realization. The functionality of the proposed filter circuit is tested with the PSPICE simulation, which is found to agree well with the proposed theory.     

High input impedance voltage-mode universal biquadratic filters with three inputs using plus-type CCIIs

Two new configurations for realizing high input impedance voltage-mode universal biquadratic filters are presented. Each proposed universal biquadratic filter with three inputs is composed of three plus-type CCIIs and can realize all the standard filter functions, that is, highpass, bandpass, lowpass, notch and allpass filters. In spite of the active components, the first proposed configuration uses five passive components, the second proposed configuration uses three capacitors and three resistors. The use of only plus-type CCIIs simplifies the configurations.     

New voltage-mode universal filter and sinusoidal oscillator using only single DBTA

In this article, a new voltage-mode second-order universal frequency filter and sinusoidal oscillator using only single differential-input buffered and transconductance amplifier (DBTA) is presented. The proposed voltage-mode filter structure using single DBTA and four passive elements can provide all standard filter functions, i.e. low-, band-, high-pass, band-stop, and all-pass without changing the circuit topology and enables independent control of the quality factor Q using single passive element. The circuit requires the minimal number of active and passive elements with no conditions for component matching. By slight modification of the proposed filter structure, the new DBTA-based sinusoidal oscillator is easily obtained. The oscillation condition and the oscillation frequency are independently adjustable by different virtually grounded passive elements. The proposed sinusoidal oscillator employs only grounded capacitors. The passive and active sensitivities of all the proposed circuit configurations are low. PSPICE simulations using a BJT realisation of DBTA and experimental results based on commercially available amplifiers OPA860 and MAX436 are included, which prove the workability of the proposed circuits.     

一种基于MOCCII的n阶多功能滤波器

提出了一种由MOCCⅡ实现的单输入多输出n阶多功能滤波电路。该电路只需用n个MOCCⅡ、电容和电阻,适当选定输入输出端,可以实现n阶高通、低通、带通和带阻滤波功能。本文所提出的电路结构简单,所用的电容、电阻均接地,易于集成。PIPISE仿真结果进一步证明了理论分析的正确性。     

A Novel High CMRR High Input Impedance Differential Voltage-Mode KHN-Biquad Employing DO-DDCCs

In this work, a novel circuit configuration for realizing a differential voltage-mode Kerwin-Huelsman-Newcomb (KHN) biquad filter with high common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) is presented. The proposed circuit is based on using the dual output differential difference current conveyor (DO-DDCC). The circuit uses three DO-DDCCs, two capacitors and five resistors. All the passive elements are grounded, which is important in integrated circuit implementation point of view. The differential voltage input signal is applied to high input impedance terminals, which is important in the voltage-mode operations. SPICE simulation results are included to verify the theory.     

High input impedance voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter using two OTAs and one CCII

A three-input and single-output voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter with high input impedance, using only two operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs), one plus-type second-generation current conveyor (CCII) and two capacitors, is presented. The proposed circuit can realize all the standard filter responses, that is, highpass, bandpass, lowpass, notch and allpass filters, from the same configuration. The proposed circuit has no requirements for component matching conditions.