基于分形理论的语音增强

在分析了语音信号与随机噪声在不同尺度上进行小波变换时其传递特性不同的特征表现及其特点之后．给出了一种新的基于分形维数的语音信号增强方法。该方法根据带噪语音信号及子渡重构之后的分形维数不同对语音信号的小波变换系数作不同的阈值处理。既抑制了噪声，又减少了语音段的信息的损失，提高了佶噪比。仿真结果表明，这是一种有效的语音增强、去噪的方法。     

含噪声混沌信号的小波去噪方法研究

基于混沌信号具有分形结构的特点，提出了一种分数维与小波变换相结合的带观测噪声混沌信号的噪声去除新方法，利用噪声小波变换特性提取信号的真实分数维，进而根据欲处理混沌时间序列分数维与信号真实分数维之差控制小波包除噪的阈值及位置，达到噪声与信号的自适应分离。该方法克服了以往对未知动力系统方程信号除噪的盲目性，仿真结果表明此法有效可行。     

基于小波变换变步长LMS自适应信道均衡的新方法

结合变换域最小均方(LMS)和变步长LMS算法的优势,提出了一种基于小波变换的变步长LMS自适应均衡方法。该方法中步长调整函数采用了改进的Sigmoid函数,该函数具有简单且误差信号接近零时变化缓慢的特点。并且,在训练模式、判决引导模式以及混合模式下,将提出方法和传统均衡方法进行了仿真比较。结果表明,所提出的方法比传统的线性LMS算法、变步长LMS以及小波变换LMS收敛更快、性能更优。     

Hybrid Fractal-Wavelet Method for Multi-Channel EEG Signal Compression

In this paper, a hybrid method is proposed for multi-channel electroencephalograms (EEG) signal compression. This new method takes advantage of two different compression techniques: fractal and wavelet-based coding. First, an effective decorrelation is performed through the principal component analysis of different channels to efficiently compress the multi-channel EEG data. Then, the decorrelated EEG signal is decomposed using wavelet packet transform (WPT). Finally, fractal encoding is applied to the low frequency coefficients of WPT, and a modified wavelet-based coding is used for coding the remaining high frequency coefficients. This new method provides improved compression results as compared to the wavelet and fractal compression methods.     

DOD and DOA estimation using the spatial smoothing in MIMO radar with the EmV sensors

This paper deals with the directions of departure (DOD) and directions of arrival (DOA) estimation of coherent and noncoherent targets in bistatic MIMO radar with the electromagnetic vector (EmV) sensors. The high-resolution eigenspace-based methods such as, estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance technique (ESPRIT), multiple signal classification, etc., fails to estimate DOD and DOA of fully or partially correlated targets. In order to employ these methods, a new pre-processing method is developed based on the spatial smoothing in MIMO radar with the EmV sensors. Then, the directions are estimated using the ESPRIT algorithm. Monte-Carlo simulations are performed to investigate the estimation-accuracy and resolution-capability of the proposed approach, and to compare with no pre-processing and the existing method. The simulation result shows that, the proposed methodology improves the performance significantly.     

多神经元活性的小波分形识别研究

本文基于小波分形技术,用于神经系统的细胞外多神经元活性的小波分形识别研究。首先,我们应用多尺度小波变换对原始信号进行分解,得到4个子信号,计算子信号的分形维数,然后用KNN分类器进行分类。经过加噪信号的实验研究,结果表明该算法具有很高的分类准确率,为临床应用提供了有力的工具。     

Communication emitter individual identification via 3D‐Hilbert energy spectrum‐based multiscale segmentation features

Specific emitter identification can detect emitters automatically by extracting and analyzing features. A novel specific emitter identification method based on 3D‐Hilbert energy spectrum‐based multiscale segmentation (3D‐HESMS) is proposed. First, the time‐frequency energy spectrum is derived via the Hilbert‐Huang transform, that is, a complicated curved surface in a 3D space, namely, the 3D‐Hilbert energy spectrum. The differential box dimension, multifractal dimension, lacunarity change rate, and 3D‐Hilbert energy entropy are extracted to compose the feature vector under multiscale segmentation using fractal theory. Subsequently, communication emitter individual identification is obtained using the 4 features. Finally, the performance and complexity of the 3D‐HESMS method are compared with those of 2 existing methods. Experiments show that the performance of the 3D‐HESMS method is better than those of the 2 other methods. The extracted features with high stability, sufficiency, and identifiability can overcome the negative effects of the changes in signal‐to‐noise ratio and the number of training samples.     

基于分形维数的语音信息隐藏方法

通过研究语音信号分形维数的特点,提出一种在语音信号小波变换低频系数的DCT域实现信息隐藏的方法,该方法首先对原始语音进行一级小波分解,计算高频系数的分形维数,在对应帧的低频系数中嵌入秘密信息。秘密信息的嵌入位置和个数利用小波变换高频系数的分形维数决定,嵌入和提取采用查量化表的方法。仿真结果表明,该算法具有较好的鲁棒性和嵌入效率。     

基于分形理论的麻醉监测诱发脑电信号识别方法研究

提出了一种基于分形理论的麻醉监测诱发脑电信号识别方法.首先给出了麻醉监测中潜伏期听觉诱发脑电信号的数学模型,产生与实际信号相符的模拟脑电信号,然后对脑电信号进行小波降噪,提取降噪后脑电信号的关联维数,最后通过关联维数的大小识别麻醉状态下中潜伏期听觉诱发脑电信号的类型.实验仿真结果表明:提出的识别方法具有较高的识别率.     

Despeckling of medical ultrasound images using Daubechies complex wavelet transform

The paper presents a novel despeckling method, based on Daubechies complex wavelet transform, for medical ultrasound images. Daubechies complex wavelet transform is used due to its approximate shift invariance property and extra information in imaginary plane of complex wavelet domain when compared to real wavelet domain. A wavelet shrinkage factor has been derived to estimate the noise-free wavelet coefficients. The proposed method firstly detects strong edges using imaginary component of complex scaling coefficients and then applies shrinkage on magnitude of complex wavelet coefficients in the wavelet domain at non-edge points. The proposed shrinkage depends on the statistical parameters of complex wavelet coefficients of noisy image which makes it adaptive in nature. Effectiveness of the proposed method is compared on the basis of signal to mean square error (SMSE) and signal to noise ratio (SNR). The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms other conventional despeckling methods as well as wavelet based log transformed and non-log transformed methods on test images. Application of the proposed method on real diagnostic ultrasound images has shown a clear improvement over other methods.     

Localizing heart sounds in respiratory signals using singular spectrum analysis

Respiratory sounds are always contaminated by heart sound interference. An essential preprocessing step in some of the heart sound cancellation methods is localizing primary heart sound components. Singular spectrum analysis (SSA), a powerful time series analysis technique, is used in this paper. Despite the frequency overlap of the heart and lung sound components, two different trends in the eigenvalue spectra are recognizable, which leads to find a subspace that contains more information about the underlying heart sound. Artificially mixed and real respiratory signals are used for evaluating the performance of the method. Selecting the appropriate length for the SSA window results in good decomposition quality and low computational cost for the algorithm. The results of the proposed method are compared with those of well-established methods, which use the wavelet transform and entropy of the signal to detect the heart sound components. The proposed method outperforms the wavelet-based method in terms of false detection and also correlation with the underlying heart sounds. Performance of the proposed method is slightly better than that of the entropy-based method. Moreover, the execution time of the former is significantly lower than that of the latter.     

Robust speech features based on wavelet transform with application to speaker identification

An effective and robust speech feature extraction method is presented. Based on the time-frequency multiresolution property of the wavelet transform, the input speech signal is decomposed into various frequency channels. For capturing the characteristics of an individual speaker, the linear predictive cepstral coefficients of the approximation channel and entropy value of the detail channel for each decomposition process are calculated. In addition, an adaptive thresholding technique for each lower resolution is also applied to remove the influence of noise interference. Experimental results show that using this mechanism not only effectively reduces the influence of noise interference but also improves the recognition performance. Finally, the proposed method is evaluated on the MAT telephone speech database for text-independent speaker identification using the group vector quantisation identifier. Some popular existing methods are also evaluated for comparison, and the results show that the proposed feature extraction algorithm is more effective and robust than the other existing methods. In addition, the performance of the proposed method is very satisfactory even in a low SNR environment corrupted by Gaussian white noise.     

基于小波影响锥的天波雷达瞬态干扰抑制方法

针对瞬态干扰严重影响天波超视距雷达(OTHR)目标检测性能的问题,提出了一种基于小波影响锥的瞬态干扰抑制方法。该方法利用一维离散平稳小波变换确定信号的奇异点(瞬态干扰),然后将每一奇异点对应的影响锥内的小波细节系数置零,最后通过一维逆离散平稳小波变换重构数据。该方法避免了杂波抑制和插值重构,运算量小,实用性强。对天波雷达实测数据的处理实验表明:提出的方法是有效的。     

基于小波变换的雪崩光电二极管信号检测方法

空间激光通信中的常用调制方式是脉冲位置调制(PPM)．雪崩光电二极管(APD)具有高增益、高灵敏度和响应速度快的特点，因而成为空间激光通信中的首选信号探测器件。针对空间激光通信的脉冲位置调制信道．分析了空间光通信系统中雪崩光电二极管探测噪声的特点和类别．根据小波变换具有提取信号局部特征的能力，提出了一种基于小波变换的雪崩光电二极管信号检洲方法。采用四种不同的阈值选择算法选取小波系数以恢复信号．并进行了初步的仿真实验和分析。结果表明，自适应阈值选择算法取得的信号恢复结果最佳．可有效减弱强背景噪声的影响．提高雪崩光电二极管信号检测系统的性能。     

基于频域增强和差分盒维数的早期火灾烟雾图像分割

根据烟雾的半透明性特征和分形性质,提出一种基于频域增强和差分盒维数的烟雾图像分割算法。首先,利用小波变换空-频域的特性,通过对图像多层分解后小波系数的加权处理得到烟雾纹理增强图像;然后,运用差分盒维数方法遍历图像,计算出各像素分形维数值,由阈值法得到烟雾分割图像。最后,通过形态学膨胀运算使分割图像更加完整。实验结果表明,该算法能有效利用小波频域增强的特点,减小烟雾薄弱区内背景的影响,使该区域烟雾的分形维数更多地集中于阈值内,提高了烟雾分割的准确性。     

ECG compression method based on adaptive quantization of main wavelet packet subbands

In this study, a new compression algorithm for ECG signal is proposed based on selecting important subbands of wavelet packet transform (WPT) and applying subband-dependent quantization algorithm. To this end, first WPT was applied on ECG signal and then more important subbands are selected according to their Shannon entropy. In the next step, content-based quantization and denoising method are applied to the coefficients of the selected subbands. Finally, arithmetic coding is employed to produce compressed data. The performance of the proposed compression method is evaluated using compression rate (CR), percentage root-mean-square difference (PRD) as signal distortion, and wavelet energy-based diagnostic distortion (WEDD) as diagnostic distortion measures on MIT-BIH Arrhythmia database. The average CR of the proposed method is 29.1, its average PRD is <2.9 % and WEDD is <3.2 %. These results demonstrated that the proposed method has a good performance compared to the state-of-the-art compression algorithms.     

Multiscale Wiener filter for the restoration of fractal signals:wavelet filter bank approach

A filter bank design based on orthonormal wavelets and equipped with a multiscale Wiener filter is proposed in this paper for signal restoration of 1/f family of fractal signals which are distorted by the transmission channel and corrupted by external noise. First, the fractal signal transmission process is transformed via the analysis filter bank into multiscale convolution subsystems in time-scale domain based on orthonormal wavelets. Some nonstationary properties, e.g., self-similarity, long-term dependency of fractal signals are attenuated in each subband by wavelet multiresolution decomposition so that the Wiener filter bank can be applied to estimate the multiscale input signals. Then the estimated multiscale input signals are synthesized to obtain the estimated input signal. Some simulation examples are given for testing the performance of the proposed algorithm. With this multiscale analysis/synthesis design via the technique of the wavelet filter bank, the multiscale Wiener filter can be applied to treat the signal restoration problem for nonstationary 1/f fractal signals     

基于不同预处理方法的多小波暂态信号去噪

在介绍多小波基本理论的基础上,探讨了多小波的不同预处理方法并对多小波滤波器响应产生的影响进行了比较.通过对噪声信号的多小波变换分析,设计基于多小波变换的去噪方法.最后通过大量的仿真工作,对不同预处理方法的多小波与传统小波的电力系统故障暂态信号去噪效果进行了深入分析,结果表明:预处理方法的选择是影响多小波去噪效果的关键因素,若选择合适的预处理方法,利用多小波对暂态信号进行去噪,可以获得比传统小波更好的去噪效果.     

Wavelet based robust sub-band features for phoneme recognition

Wavelet transform has been found to be an effective tool for the time-frequency analysis of non-stationary and quasi-stationary signals. Recent years have seen wavelet transform being used for feature extraction in speech recognition applications. In the paper a sub-band feature extraction technique based on an admissible wavelet transform is proposed and the features are modified to make them robust to additive white Gaussian noise. The performance of this system is compared with the conventional mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) under various signal to noise ratios. The recognition performance based on the eight sub-band features is found to be superior under the noisy conditions compared with MFCC features.     

基于WVD-HT的宽带调频信号检测技术研究

本文研究高斯白噪声背景下和混响背景下基于Wigner-Ville Distribution -Hough Transform (WVD-HT)时频分析方法的主动声呐宽带LFM脉冲信号的检测问题.给出了理论实现方法和相应的仿真结果.分析结果表明:WVD-HT方法在信噪比为-20dB左右仍可很好的抵消干扰背景,取得了比较理想的LFM检测效果.这一结果远优于拷贝相关器的性能.