First-order allpass filter and sinusoidal oscillators using DDCCs

A voltage-mode first-order allpass filter using one differential difference current conveyor (DDCC), one grounded capacitor and one floating resistor is presented. No passive component matching constraints are required. Because the output impedance of the proposed allpass filter is low, the output terminal can be directly connected to the next stage. Using the proposed first-order allpass filter as a basic building block, a new quadrature oscillator and even-phase sinusoidal oscillators can be obtained. The simulation results confirm the theoretical analysis.     

Current-mode electronically tunable biquadratic filters consisting of only CCCIIs and grounded capacitors

In this paper, a current-mode (CM) analog filter for simultaneously realizing high output impedance low-pass, band-pass and high-pass analog responses besides high output impedance notch and all-pass analog filter responses with interconnection of the relevant output currents, is presented. Also, two CM filters for simultaneously providing high output impedance universal filter responses are derived from the proposed one. All of the introduced CM topologies employ a canonical number of only grounded capacitors without requiring any resistors, and do not need critical component matching conditions. All of the developed circuits have low input impedance and high output impedance resulting in easy cascadability with other CM ones. Frequency dependent non-ideal gain and parasitic impedance effects on the performance of the presented first filter are investigated as examples. In order the show the performance of the filter and verify the theory, simulations are accomplished with SPICE program.     

DXCCII-based tunable gyrator

This letter presents a fully integrated active gyrator circuit based on the dual-X second-generation current conveyor (DXCCII), a recently introduced active element. The proposed circuit employs only two DXCCIIs and two triode MOSFETs for tuning the gyration conductances. Therefore, it is very suitable for integrated implementation of tunable active networks and especially simulation of tunable inductances.     

一种新颖的基于CCCⅡ的多功能滤波器

提出了一种采用新的电流控制传送器(CCCII)积木块构成的电流模式单输入、多输出的多功能滤波器电路,它仅由4个CC器件和2个电容构成,选择电路3个输出端中的1个或它们的组合,即可实现5种基本的二阶滤波功能,给出了电路的PSPICE仿真结果,验证了理论分析的正确性。     

Inverting voltage buffer based lossless grounded inductor simulators

In this study, two new lossless grounded inductor simulators (GISs) made up of a single plus-type second-generation current conveyor, two inverting voltage buffers and a minimum number of passive components are proposed. There is no requirement of matching conditions and cancellation constraints among passive elements of the proposed GISs. Nevertheless, both of the proposed GISs have a floating capacitor which can be easily realized in nowadays integrated circuit fabrication. A second-order voltage-mode band-pass filter application is given for the proposed lossless GISs. A number of simulations based on SPICE program are given so as to verify the theory.     

On the generation of CCII and ICCII oscillators from three Op Amps oscillator

A new quadrature oscillator using two current conveyors (CCII) and two inverting current conveyors (ICCII) is generated from a three Op Amp two integrator loop oscillator. The proposed oscillator is generalized and it is found that it is a member of a family of 64 oscillator circuits using combination of CCII and ICCII. Four of the reported oscillators are floating. The three Op Amps oscillator is also found to be the reference oscillator circuit in the generation of two basic CCII two integrator loop grounded passive element oscillators. The nodal admittance matrix (NAM) expansion is used to show the basic steps in the generation of the two alternatives CCII grounded passive element oscillators. Each of the two CCII oscillators is a member of a family of sixteen oscillator circuits using combination of CCII and ICCII. Two of the reported oscillators are floating and their adjoint oscillator circuits are not floating. Simulation results are included.     

Multiphase sinusoidal oscillators using second generation current conveyors

A voltage-mode Multiphase Sinusoidal Oscillator realized using Second Generation Current Conveyors and only grounded passive elements is introduced in this paper. The proposed topology is suitable for realizing oscillators with both odd and even number of phases without modifying the core of the topology. Only non-inverting Current Conveyors are required for the construction of the oscillator's topology and this is a benefit from the discrete component implementation point of view. The behavior of the proposed topology has been evaluated, through experimental results, in the cases of three and six-phase oscillators.     

基于单CCCII的基带滤波器

本文提出了由单电流控制传输器（current controlled conveyor）实现的新型二阶低通滤波器，该滤波器是交流耦合，结构简单，功耗低，带宽约5MHz，适用于WCDMA的直流变频接收机。     

MISO current mode bi-quadratic filter employing high performance inverting second generation current conveyor circuit

This paper presents static and dynamic studies of a new CMOS realization for the inverting second generation current conveyor circuit (ICCII). The proposed design offers enhanced functionalities compared to ICCII circuits previously presented in the literature. It is characterized by a rail to rail dynamic range with high accuracy, a low parasitic resistor at terminal X (1.6 Ω) and low power consumption (0.31 mW) with wide current mode (3.32 GHz) and voltage mode (3.9 GHz) bandwidths.Furthermore, a new MISO current mode bi-quadratic filter based on using ICCII circuits as active elements is proposed. This filter can realize all standard filter responses without changing the circuit topology. It is characterized by active and passive sensitivities less than unity and an adjustment independently between pole frequency and quality factor. The operating frequency limit of this filter is about 0.8 GHz with 0.674 mW power consumption.The proposed current conveyor circuits and bi-quadratic filter are tested by TSPICE using CMOS 0.18 µm TSMC technology with ±0.8 V supply voltage to verify the theoretical results.     

Pathological realizations of the DCVC (CDBA) and applications to oscillators and filters

The historical origin of the introduction of the differential current voltage conveyor (DCVC) also known as the current differencing buffered amplifier (CDBA) is reviewed. Pathological realizations of the modified differential current conveyor (MDCC) and of the DCVC are given. Generation of alternative equivalent oscillator and filter circuits using voltage followers (VF), current followers (CF), voltage inverters (VI) and current inverters (CI) from known CDBA oscillators and filters is demonstrated by several examples. It is found that there is duplication in some of the recently published circuits and new simplified oscillator and filter circuits are reported.     

A second current controlled current conveyor realization using Wilson current mirrors

The paper proposes a Wilson current mirror with double outputs and a bipolar second current controlled current conveyor (CCCII) circuit based on Wilson mirrors. The performance principle of the circuits is analysed and experiment results are given. The CCCII circuit has the following merits: high trace accuracy of voltage and current; high current output impedance; and good current stability.     

新颖的基于MOCCCII的多相位正弦振荡器

提出了一种用多输出电流控制传输器(MOCCCII)实现的多相位正弦波振荡器.设计出的振荡器能同时产生n相等幅等相差的正弦电流和电压信号.振荡条件和振荡频率独立可调.电路结构简单,PSPICE仿真结果验证了理论分析的正确性.     

Realization of Voltage and Current Mode KHN Biquads Using CCCIIs

In this work, new Kerwin-Huelsman-Newcomb (KHN) biquads employing current-controlled current conveyors (CCCIIs) in voltage-mode (VM) as well as in current-mode (CM) are presented. The parameters of the proposed circuits can be electronically controlled thanks to the tunability properties of the CCCIIs. The VM circuit is derived from a previously reported one by modifying its summing circuit and replacing the current conveyor(CCIIs) and resistors at their x-input terminals with CCCIIs. On the other hand, the CM circuit is derived from the adjoint graph of the signal-flow graph corresponding to the classical KHN circuit. This circuit is a multi-input single-output CM universal filter, which offers all the main advantages of the CM circuits as well as those of the classical KHN circuit. In addition to the three basic filter responses, they also allow the realization of the notch and the all pass responses.     

On the realization of the floating simulators using only grounded passive components

In this paper, two novel circuits for realizing floating inductance, floating capacitance, floating frequency dependent negative resistance (FDNR) and grounded to floating admittance converter depending on the passive component selection are proposed. Both of the proposed simulators employ second-generation current controlled conveyors (CCCIIs) and only grounded passive elements. The non-ideal current and voltage gain as well as parasitic impedance effects on the first proposed circuit are investigated. Also, simulation results using SPICE program are given for the first introduced floating simulator to verify the theory and to exhibit the performance of the circuit.     

一种基于CCⅡ＋和接地RC的新型振荡器

提出了由一个同相第二代电流传输器，两个接地电容器和两个接地电阻构成的正弦振荡器，运用负振荡器方法分析了该电路，得出了振荡条件和振荡频率，给出了电路的实验结果。该电路结构简单，且无源元件全部接地，便于集成。     

Stability problems in universal current-mode filters

Analog circuit designers have usually focused on the design of circuits employing a minimum number of components, occupying less area and dissipating less power. However, some important issues such as signal limitations and especially stability problems of the analog circuits have not received considerable attention in the literature. Hence, the work described in this paper deals with the stability problems of two new current-mode analog filters employing multiple output current controlled conveyors (MOCCCIIs). Toward that end, a single pole model is replaced for each non-ideal current gain of the MOCCCIIs. Both of the novel universal current-mode active-C filters can simultaneously realize low-pass, band-pass and high-pass/notch filter responses. SPICE and MATLAB simulation results are given to verify the theoretical analysis.     

基于CCCII的电流模式多功能双二次滤波器

该文提出了由电流控制传输器(CCCⅡ)实现的新型电流模式多功能双二次滤波器,该滤波器由CCCⅡ和两个接地电容构成,电路具有以下特点:可实现多种滤波功能;易于集成;能独立地调节0和Q,且灵敏度较低。     

A Resistorless realization of the first-order all-pass filter

All-pass filters are widely used to shift the phase of an analog signal without altering its magnitude. In this study, a new realization of all-pass filter using one current controlled conveyor (CCCII), one operational amplifier (OP-AMP) and two capacitors is presented. The proposed circuit does not use any resistors thus it is suitable for easy integration. Also the pole frequency of the proposed circuit can be tuned electronically. Simulation results are included to verify theory.     

Low-voltage low-power multifunction current-controlled conveyor

In this study, low-voltage low-power multifunction current-controlled conveyor (CCCII) is introduced. Multifunction current conveyors are able to achieve various CCCII structures with a small modification in the circuit. The proposed circuit required ±0.5 V as a power supply, a simple circuit structure and low power consumption. The power consumption is only 4.8 µW. Low-voltage operation is achieved by using changeable threshold voltage and PMOS level-shifter current mirror. This circuit is able to operate as CCCII± with both positive and negative intrinsic resistance, which have a wide tunable range with a small modification in the circuit connections.