Direct model-based predictive control scheme without cost function for voltage source inverters with reduced common-mode voltage

This paper presents a direct model-based predictive control scheme for voltage source inverters (VSIs) with reduced common-mode voltages (CMVs). The developed method directly finds optimal vectors without using repetitive calculation of a cost function. To adjust output currents with the CMVs in the range of –V_dc/6 to +V_dc/6, the developed method uses voltage vectors, as finite control resources, excluding zero voltage vectors which produce the CMVs in the VSI within ±V_dc/2. In a model-based predictive control (MPC), not using zero voltage vectors increases the output current ripples and the current errors. To alleviate these problems, the developed method uses two non-zero voltage vectors in one sampling step. In addition, the voltage vectors scheduled to be used are directly selected at every sampling step once the developed method calculates the future reference voltage vector, saving the efforts of repeatedly calculating the cost function. And the two non-zero voltage vectors are optimally allocated to make the output current approach the reference current as close as possible. Thus, low CMV, rapid current-following capability and sufficient output current ripple performance are attained by the developed method. The results of a simulation and an experiment verify the effectiveness of the developed method.     

具有保护功能的压控激光电流源设计

采用模拟电路设计出一种最大输出可达10 A的压控电流源,针对半导体激光器的工作特性增加了设定电流工作点功能,同时具有上电保护、慢启动、输出使能延时、输出限流等保护功能。给出了电流源输出的推导过程;使用单5 V供电,具有体积小、高可靠性等特点。     

Novel switching method for single-phase NPC three-level inverter with neutral-point voltage control

This paper proposes a novel switching method with the neutral-point voltage control in a single-phase neutral-point-clamped three-level inverter (SP-NPCI) used in photovoltaic systems. A proposed novel switching method for the SP-NPCI improves the efficiency. The main concept is to fix the switching state of one leg. As a result, the switching loss decreases and the total efficiency is improved. In addition, it enables the maximum power-point-tracking operation to be performed by applying the proposed neutral-point voltage control algorithm. This control is implemented by modifying the reference signal. Simulation and experimental results provide verification of the performance of a novel switching method with the neutral-point voltage control.     

高压变频器双闭环优化供水控制方案在抚顺自来水公司的深入应用

随着高压变频器技术的不断发展和成熟,高压电机恒压供水已成为一种自动控制的发展趋势。为了保证不利点压力恒定和管网供需平衡,采用双闭环优化供水控制方案。利用压力传感器检测管网的实际压力,采用GPRs无线传输技术检测不利点压力信号。根据设定的压力闭环优化调节变频的输出保证恒压供水控制。     

Compound noise separation in digital circuits using blind source separation

Analysis of individual noise sources in pre-nanometer circuits cannot take into account the evolving reality of multiple noise sources interacting with each other. Noise measurement made at an evaluation node will reflect the cumulative effect of all the active noise sources, while individual and relative severity of various noise sources will determine what types of remedial steps can be taken, pressing the need for development of algorithms that can analyze the contributions of different noise sources when a noise measurement is available. This paper addresses the cocktail-party problem inside integrated circuits with multiple noise sources. It presents a method to extract the time characteristics of individual noise source from the measured compound voltage in order to study the contribution and properties of each source. This extraction is facilitated by application of blind source separation technique, which is based on the assumption of statistical independence of various noise sources over time. The estimated noise sources can aid in performing timing and spectral analysis, and yield better circuit design techniques.     

基于滑模算法的航空稳定平台控制

由于机载稳定平台工作中会受到飞机振动、风阻力矩等外界干扰因素的影响,导致探测设备出现指向不稳定、跟踪精度低等问题。研究了滑模控制算法在航空稳定平台上的应用,利用Matlab/Simulink建立了永磁同步电动机伺服系统的滑模控制仿真模型,通过仿真和在试验系统上测试,实验结果表明滑模控制算法与普通PI算法相比较,不容易受到外界干扰力矩的影响,具有较好的鲁棒性,在相同外界干扰的情况下可以保持较好的跟踪精度。     

大规模集成芯片IR2130触发器

详述了芯片内各环节的工作原理及所起作用,阐释了电路悬浮的工作情况,结合逆变器主回路,给出整个触发系统的电路框图,特别是对各个保护环节做出了深入的分析。虽未涉及芯片的具体应用,却为应用提供了坚实的理论基础,为全面掌握本芯片提供了可能性。     

论低压开关中永磁控制技术的应用

为了克服传统低压开关电动控制系统中所存在的诸如接触器主触头被烧、短路情况下断路器无法正常将电路分断、电机保护功能难以充分发挥等问题,可以通过永磁控制技术的应用加以实现.本文重点就低压开关的电磁控制技术进行探讨,以供参考.     

人体行走电压的时域波形研究

基于测试得到的人体行走电压时域波形,提出了仿真人体行走电压的等效电路模型构建方法,分析了模型参数对人体行走电压时域波形的影响.按照IEC 61340-4-5中规定的人体行走电压的测试方法,测试了不同温湿度、不同鞋、不同地板条件下,人体行走电压的时域波形.通过对大量实测人体行走电压时域波形的分析,提出了人体行走电压的等效RC电路模型,得到人体的带电量满足指数形式的充放电关系,其时间常数τ由等效电路模型的电阻R、电容C参数决定.人体行走中,人的动作引起人体电容的周期性变化,进而导致人体电压呈现周期性变化趋势.通过对比实测数据,模型与实验结果符合较好,人体动作引起的电压周期性变化一致性较好,实验具有很好的可重复性.     

A novel low-power full-adder cell for low voltage

This paper presents a novel low-power majority function-based 1-bit full adder that uses MOS capacitors (MOSCAP) in its structure. It can work reliably at low supply voltage. In this design, the time-consuming XOR gates are eliminated. The circuits being studied are optimized for energy efficiency at 0.18-μm CMOS process technology. The adder cell is compared with seven widely used adders based on power consumption, speed, power-delay product (PDP) and area efficiency. Intensive simulation runs on a Cadence environment and HSPICE show that the new adder has more than 11% in power savings over a conventional 28-transistor CMOS adder. In addition, it consumes 30% less power than transmission function adder (TFA) and is 1.11 times faster.     

高电源抑制比的CMOS亚阈值多输出电压基准

基于工作在亚阈值区的MOS器件,运用CMOS电流模基准对CATA和PTAT电流求和的思想．提出一种具有低温漂系数、高电源抑制比（PSRR）的CMOS电压基准源,该电路可同时提供多个输出基准电压,且输出电压可调。该基准源基于CSMC0．5μm标准CMOS工艺,充分利用预调节电路并改进电流模基准核心电路。使整个电路的电源抑制比在低频时达到122dB,温度系数（TC）在0-100℃的温度范围内约7ppm／℃。     

制受限滑模控制工频全桥逆变器分析

该文针对滑模控制单相全桥工频逆变器滑模系数选取困难的问题,基于滑模控制理论建立了单相全桥逆变系统的相变量模型,根据控制受限思想和滑动模态存在条件推导了滑模域与负载电阻和滑模系数之间的数学关系,深入分析了滑模域边界与滑模系数、负载电阻和负载跃变幅度的关系,提出了选取滑模系数的基本原则.基于逆变器加载系统轨线,结合滑模域右边界条件和逆变器期望动态设计指标,给出了一个计算滑模系数的公式,随后给出了切换系数的选取方法,并总结了基于滞环调制的滑模控制器的设计方法.仿真试验采用该方法设计了滑模控制器,结果验证了该设计方法的正确性和有效性.此法操作简便且易于掌握,具有较好理论参考价值和工程推广价值.     

Robust fuzzy neural network sliding mode control scheme for IPMSM drives

This article proposes a robust fuzzy neural network sliding mode control (FNNSMC) law for interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drives. The proposed control strategy not only guarantees accurate and fast command speed tracking but also it ensures the robustness to system uncertainties and sudden speed and load changes. The proposed speed controller encompasses three control terms: a decoupling control term which compensates for nonlinear coupling factors using nominal parameters, a fuzzy neural network (FNN) control term which approximates the ideal control components and a sliding mode control (SMC) term which is proposed to compensate for the errors of that approximation. Next, an online FNN training methodology, which is developed using the Lyapunov stability theorem and the gradient descent method, is proposed to enhance the learning capability of the FNN. Moreover, the maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) control is incorporated to maximise the torque generation in the constant torque region and increase the efficiency of the IPMSM drives. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed robust FNNSMC, simulations and experiments are performed by using MATLAB/Simulink platform and a TI TMS320F28335 DSP on a prototype IPMSM drive setup, respectively. Finally, the simulated and experimental results indicate that the proposed design scheme can achieve much better control performances (e.g. more rapid transient response and smaller steady-state error) when compared to the conventional SMC method, especially in the case that there exist system uncertainties.     

低电调电压全集成10~20GHz VCO的设计与实现

研制了一款低电调电压、多频段压控振荡器(VCO)微波单片集成电路(MMIC),MMIC主要由6频段振荡电路、控制电路、译码电路等组成。将10~20 GHz的频率范围分为6个频段覆盖,从而将电调电压控制在5 V以内。基于GaAs异质结双极晶体管(HBT) 2μm工艺对所设计的VCO进行了流片验证,芯片面积为3.4 mm×3.2 mm。测试结果表明,在室温下,当电源电压为5 V、电调电压在0~5 V时,每个频段VCO可覆盖的频率为9.58~11.6 GHz、11.06~13.23 GHz、12.77~14.89 GHz、14.21~16.48 GHz、16~18.48 GHz和17.7~20.17 GHz;当电调电压为2.5 V、频偏为100 kHz时,每个频段VCO的相位噪声分别为-91.8、-90.5、-90.3、-90、-88.2和-87.1 dBc/Hz。因此,该6频段VCO覆盖了10~20 GHz的频率范围,且每段VCO的相位噪声指标良好,可满足低压电子系统的应用需求。     

优化Hammerstein模型的电磁脉冲效应建模仿真

针对采用Hammerstein模型描述电磁脉冲效应时模型参数确定困难的问题,提出一种基于优化Hammerstein模型的非线性电磁脉冲效应建模仿真方法。该方法利用高阶累积量求解模型线性延迟阶数,采用赤池信息准则（Akaike Information Criterion,AIC）优化模型非线性阶次,两者共同确定出一个参数最少、精度较高的最优模型,并以瞬态抑制器的电磁脉冲效应建模为例验证了该方法。     

光纤传感器光源及驱动电路关键技术的研究

随着光纤传感技术的迅速发展,光源及其稳定性对光纤传感器的性能具有重要影响。本文介绍了各种光源的工作原理和性能特点,研究了驱动电路的关键技术及发展现状,分析了其中的主要的电磁干扰现象并给出了相应的解决方法。     

High efficiency boost converter with variable output voltage using a self-reference comparator

This paper presents a boost converter with variable output voltage and a new maximum power point tracking (MPPT) scheme for biomedical applications. The variable output voltage feature facilitates its usage in a wide range of applications. This is achieved by means of a new low-power self-reference comparator. A new modified MPPT scheme is proposed which improves the efficiency by 10%. Also, to further increase the efficiency, a level converter circuit is used to lower the V_dd of the digital section. The low input voltage requirements allow operation from a thermoelectric generator powered by body heat. Using this approach, a thermoelectric energy harvesting circuit has been designed in a 180 nm CMOS technology. According to HSPICE Simulation results, the circuit operates from input voltages as low as 40 mV and generates output voltages ranging from 1 to 3 V. A maximum power of 138 μW can be obtained from the output of the boost converter which means that the maximum end-to-end efficiency is 52%.     

一种ASON中控制平面管理接口的实现方案

文章提出了一种自动交换光网络(ASON)控制平面管理接口的实现方案.我们首先对接口功能需求进行了分析,然后提出了控制平面的管理信息模型,并对接口信息进行了分类,最后介绍了接口中的信息交互流程.从而为实现对控制平面的管理提供了理论指导.     

集成电路技术发展的物理极限挑战与对策

介绍了集成电路芯片发展的基本规律和现状 ,着重综述了这些规律在微电子学领域所遇到的物理极限挑战及解决这些问题的最新技术 ,并预测了 2 1世纪集成电路技术的重点研究方向