Narrow-band interference rejection using real-time Fouriertransforms

An analysis is presented of a BPSK-PN (binary phase shift-keyed with pseudonoise) demodulator when present narrowband interference is attenuated using transform domain filtering. The signal of interest is a wideband direct-sequence spread-spectrum signal (DS-SS). The interference is a narrowband signal which may be of high power and which is either intentionally or unintentionally collocated in frequency and interfering with the signal of interest. The effect of windowing the input signal by a rectangular or Hamming windows as well as the use of an overlap and save scheme is presented. It is shown that the Hamming window far outperforms the rectangular window, and that the interference is for all purposes completely eliminated when the Hamming window is used in conjunction with the overlap and save scheme. The criterion used to evaluate the effectiveness of the different interference rejection techniques is the bit error rate (BER) as measured at the output of the demodulator     

直接序列扩频通信中窄带干扰抑制的奇异值分解方法

在很强的单音干扰存在时,传统的线性预测滤波方法不能达到很好的抗干扰性能.该文提出了一种用奇异值分解方法(SVD)来抑制扩频通信中的单音干扰的问题,建立了利用SVD技术抑制直接序列扩频通信(DSSS)中的窄带干扰的系统模型.并与传统的双边LMS滤波器进行了误码率比较.仿真表明,SVD方法对干扰有很强的抑制能力,当BER=10-2时,SVD方法的增益要高于LMS方法3dB.而且同传统的LMS算法相比,SVD方法避免了算法收敛的问题.     

Error probabilities for DS spread-spectrum systems using an ALE fornarrow-band interference rejection

The effects of the least-mean-squares adaptive line enhancer (ALE) weight misadjustment errors on the bit error rate are investigated for a direct-sequence spread-spectrum binary communication system in the presence of strong narrowband interference. The converged ALE weights are modeled as the parallel connection of a deterministic FIR (finite impulse response) filter and a random FIR filter. The statistics of the random filter are derived, assuming the output of the random filter to be primarily due to the jammer convolved with random filter weights. This output is shown to be nonGaussian and to cause significant error rate degradation in comparison to a Gaussian model. Error probability expressions are derived for the bit error rate, evaluated numerically, and compared to the corresponding error probabilities for a Gaussian model for the random filter output. For some typical system parameter values and error probabilities it is shown that the Gaussian model yields performance results that are too optimistic by several decibels     

Blind FSR-LPTV equalization and interference rejection

We address the problem of synthesizing blind channel identification and equalization methods for digital communications systems, aimed at counteracting the presence of cochannel or adjacent-channel interference. Owing to the presence of the interfering signal, the minimum mean-square error equalizer turns out to be linear periodically time-varying, which is implemented by resorting to its Fourier series representation. Moreover, by exploiting the cyclic conjugate second-order statistics of the channel output, we propose a new weighted subspace-based channel identification method, which is asymptotically immune to the presence of high-level interference. Computer simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed identification/equalization technique.     

An adaptive array for interference rejection

An adaptive array that rejects undesired or interfering signals is presented. The array pattern is controlled by an adaptive feedback system based on a steepest descent minimization of mean-square error. Error is defined as the difference between the array output and a locally generated reference signal. Minimization of mean-square error is closely related to maximization of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). A two-element adaptive array has been built, and its experimental performance is discussed. Typical patterns for various desired and interfering signals are shown, as well as measured transient response. Finally, some experiments showing the array behavior with modulated signals are described. The results show that such an antenna system is capable of automatically rejecting interfering signals, subject only to certain basic constraints. No a priori information about the angles of arrival of the signals is required, Detailed knowledge of the waveforms of the desired and interfering signals is also not needed, although the spectral characteristics of the desired signal must be known.     

Simple adaptive algorithm for rejection of interference

A simple algorithm is presented which does not require inversion of the covariance matrix of received signals. Besides computational simplicity, it has the advantage of reducing the sensitivity to beam pointing error.     

An adaptive parallel algorithm for interference rejection

A new algorithm is suggested for fast approximate calculation of the dominating eigenvector and eigenvalues of the correlation matrix. The algorithm was used for synthesis of an adaptive rejection filter with parallel structure. Comparative analysis of the filter effectiveness is performed.     

Structured semi-blind interference rejection in dispersivemultichannel systems

The impact of interference is one of the most capacity limiting factors in cellular networks today. In order to host more users in existing systems and maximize the capacity of future networks, the use of interference suppression techniques are instrumental. We propose a structured semi-blind parameter estimation procedure to support rejection of unknown cochannel interference (CCI) in systems facing multipath channels with non-negligible delay spread. Employing spatio-temporal processing, the proposed scheme exploits the temporal correlation present in the output signal from an antenna array and the training data of a desired user in order to find parameter estimates that fit the range space of a structured CCI model to the signal subspace of the interfering signals. Simulation results illustrating the behavior of a spatio-temporal receiver using the proposed scheme with respect to both signal-to-noise and signal-to-interference ratios (SNRs and SIRs) are presented. In addition, results highlighting the impact of the training sequence length as well as the impact of the channel model order of the CCI users are also included     

Adaptive narrow-band interference rejection in a DS spread-spectrumintercept receiver using transform domain signal processing techniques

An intercept receiver which uses a transform-domain-processing filter is described. This receiver detects direct-sequence binary-phase-shift-keyed (DS-BPSK) spread-spectrum signals in the presence of narrowband interference by employing adaptive narrowband interference rejection techniques. The improvement in the system performance over that of conventional detection techniques is shown by presenting the results of experimental measurements of probability of detection versus false alarm for an enhanced total power detector. Also presented are certain results corresponding to detection of the spectral lines generated at twice the carrier frequency, wherein the goal is often not just signal detection, but also carrier frequency estimation. The receiver uses one of two transform-domain-processing techniques for adaptive narrowband interference rejection. In the first technique, the narrowband interference is detected and excised in the transform domain by using an adaptive notch filter. In the second technique, the interference is suppressed using soft-limiting in the transform domain     

干扰链路计算中频率相关抑制算法研究*

本文对WLAN与雷达系统之间干扰链路计算中的频率相关抑制算法（FDR）进行研究,通过使用OoB域内频点序列,采用离散方法得到频率相关抑制FDR,得出两系统共存时FDR与干扰限值和干扰隔离之间的关系,为WLAN和雷达系统间共存提供必要的理论支持。     

Adaptive narrowband interference rejection in DS-CDMA systems: ascheme of parallel interference cancellers

In the presence of narrowband interference (NBI), the performance of the direct-sequence code-division multiple access communication system can be improved by using various interference cancellation schemes. In this paper, a scheme of parallel interference cancellers (PICs), which includes a set of NBI cancellation filters and a set of multiple access interference (MAI) cancellation filters, is developed to improve the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) and handle the MAI effect. In order to avoid performance deterioration due to unreliable initial detection, a robust coefficient γ is introduced in our proposed design criterion. A recursive least-square algorithm is employed to update the tap coefficients of the PICs. In other words, no training or retraining period is needed in our proposed PICs. Finally, the SIR performance of the proposed detector is analyzed and compared to that of the conventional linear detector     

Comments on “Partial parallel interference cancellation forCDMA”

We comment on partial parallel interference cancellation as discussed in the paper by Divsalar et al. (see ibid. vol.46, p.258-68, 1998). The aforementioned work showed that by multiplying the symbol estimates by a factor less than unity in the early stages of cancellation, the performance of parallel cancellation can be improved relative to full (“brute force”) cancellation. In this paper we analyze the improvement of parallel cancellation when using partial cancellation, and provide additional insight into the gains. Specifically, we show that the decision statistic is biased when linear (soft) estimates of the symbol or channel are used for cancellation. Partial cancellation improves the performance in this case by reducing the decision statistic bias     

船载VHF通信系统抗干扰方案探讨

针对船载VHF通信系统在工作中主要受到单频正弦干扰,且干信比较高这一情况,提出一种采用开环自适应格型IIR陷波滤波器来提高其抗干扰性能的改进方案。根据原系统的有关参数用MATLAB进行了相应的仿真。仿真结果表明,在单频正弦强干扰情况下本方案能明显地提高船载VHF通信系统的抗干扰性能。     

LTE上行信道的八天线干扰抑制合并技术

基于最小均方误差估计准则推导了LTE多天线上行信道的干扰 抑制合并和最大比合并的均衡公式。通过仿真比较,验证了八天线干扰抑制合并接收算法在 有同频干扰情况下的优越性：随着信噪比的增大,干扰抑制合并算法的误码率大幅降低,而 最大比合并算法则形成误码平台;八天线干扰抑制合并性能明显优于两天线性能。LTE在同 频组网时,基站可以采用八天线接收的干扰抑制合并技术以提高上行链路的抗干扰性能。     

一种改进的盲自适应窄带干扰抑制方法

为有效抑制直接序列扩频通信中的窄带干扰,论文提出了一种改进的盲自适应窄带干扰抑制方法.该方法在盲自适应滤波器的基础上,通过引入非线性预测算法对接收信号进行处理,提高了滤波器的干扰抑制性能.计算机仿真结果验证了文中方法的有效性.     

Single tone interference rejection of code-phase multiplexeddirect-sequence spread-spectrum signaling

This paper presents the code-phase multiplexed direct-sequence spread spectrum signaling system, which employs parallel transmissions of several data streams modulated by different phase shifts of the same pseudo-noise (PN) code. System performance against single tone jammers is analyzed. Theoretical and simulation results are presented to show that the design increases the processing gain without reducing the data rate     

Narrow-band interference rejection in DS/CDMA systems using adaptive (QRD-LSL)-based nonlinear ACM interpolators

An Mth order adaptive lattice filter automatically generates all M of the outputs that would be provided by M separate transversal filters. This feature may effectively suppress narrow-band interference (NBI) of either unknown or time-varying bandwidth (or number of frequency bands) in direct-sequence code-division multiple access systems for which the order of the interference rejection filter that achieves the optimal performance is unknown or constantly changing. Moreover, a lattice filter may significantly outperform its transversal counterpart in complex jamming environments in which the adaptive lattice filter must suppress multiple jammers, since each stage of a lattice filter adapts to suppress an orthogonal component of the NBI. The paper develops a computationally efficient and numerically stable adaptive QR-decomposition-based least squares lattice (QRD-LSL)-based nonlinear approximate conditional mean interpolator to suppress NBI effectively. Simulation results demonstrate that both the signal-to-noise ratio improvement and the convergence rate achieved by the proposed interpolators outperform those of other existing prediction-based techniques.     

DSSS系统中线性调频干扰抑制技术研究

扩频通信系统中宽带干扰的抑制技术越来越引起人们的重视。本文以典型的宽带干扰信号线性调频干扰(Linear Frequency—Modulated，LFM)为例，综述了目前直接序列扩频(Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum，DSSS)系统中宽带干扰抑制的研究热点和成果。     

Cochannel interference rejection in a mobile radio space diversity system

Diversity is often used in radio systems to alleviate the problem of fading. It is shown here that the use of diversity in a mobile radio system also will result in better utilization of the frequency spectrum. In a system which reuses channels in physically separated areas, probability distributions of signal-to-cochannel interference ratios in 1-, 2-, and 4-branch diversity systems are developed by Monte Carlo methods. We consider two cases: first, we assume signal strength to be Rayleigh distributed, which is a valid model for reception within a small localized area; second, we take shadow losses into account by assuming a more realistic long-term fading model. The effect of using diversity in a mobile radio system is considerable with either model. Assuming a hexagonal cell pattern of frequency reuse, it is shown that frequencies may be reassigned more often in a diversity system than in a system which does not use diversity. The conclusion, therefore, is that a diversity system utilizes the frequency spectrum more efficiently than an equivalent nondiversity system.     

Enhancing interference rejection of preamplified electrodes by automated gain adaption

The use of preamplified electrodes in electrocardiography (ECG) or electroencephalography (EEG) has a numbe of benefits, most importantly, the noise reduction through preamplification and the interference reduction through buffering (Fernandez and Pallas-Areny, 1997). Normally, preamplified electrodes are not used because the mismatch in amplification due to component tolerances leads to a reduced common mode rejection ration (CMRR) (Pallas-Areny and Webster, 1991). In this paper, we introduce a new technique to restore the CMRR. We do this by adapting the gain of the differential amplifier (DA) following the preamplified electrodes. The technique is based on measuring the transfer function of a chosen common mode signal. The gain of the DA is adjusted by a closed loop controller to maximize the CMRR. With this technique, there is no adverse effect on the ECG or EEG. In this way, the control loop can be operated continuously if needed.