TRANSFORMATION OF Nd_(14)Fe_(73)Co_6B_7 ALLOY UNDER HYDROGEN TREATMENT

The phase constitution and variation of Nd_(14)Fe_(73)Co_6B_7 alloy after hydriding and subsequentdehydriding treatment at 770℃ have been investigated respectively by means of X-raydiffraction,SEM,TEM and magnetic measurement techniques.The original coarse,as castgrain structure,is dissolved into α-Fe,Nd hydride and Fe_2B mixture with average dimensionof 0.1 μm,during hydriding process,and subsequently the triphase mixture recombined intofinely unique Nd_2Fe_(14)B phase with dimension of 0.3 μm by desorbing the hydrogen.It wasfound that the Nd-rich phase distributed at the boundary of as-cast grain structure diffusedinto matrix Nd_2Fe_(14)B grain during hydriding.It remains during dehydriding and distributehomogeneously around some colonies composed of fine grains of Nd_2Fe_(14)B.     

MICROSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF Nd_(34)Fe_(60)O_(6) ALLOY

The microstructure of Nd_(34)Fe_(60)O_6 alloy was characterized by means of scanning electronmicroscope,Auger electron multiprobe,X-ray diffraction,differential thermal analysesand thermomagnetic analyses.It is found that the equilibrium microstructure of the alloy iscomposed of a Nd_2Fe_(17) matrix,an oxygen-containing Nd-rich phase anda Nd-Fe-O ternary ferromagnetic phase (referred to T_1).This phase forms via aperitectic reaction between Nd_2Fe_(17) and Nd-rich phase at 840 ℃.Its composition isaround Nd_(36)Fe_(54)O_(10),and Curie temperature 180℃.The X-ray diffraction peaks can beindexed on a tetragonal cell with lattice parameter of a=0.771nm and c=2.228nm.Thisstable phase is believed to be transformed from the metastable phase (A_1) in Nd-Febinary system as a result of oxygen introduced.     

BOUNDARY MICROSTRUCTURE AND MAGNETIC HARDENING OF SINTERED NdFeB MAGNET

The boundary microstructure of sintered alloy Nd_(15.5)Fe_(77)B_-(7.5) has been studied by TEM,AESand SAED.The boundary structure may be distinguished into 4 types.The first three typesremain the same during annealing,and the fourth changes its microstructure remarkably.The4th type is composed of two different regions,i.e.,the central Nd-rich phase and the epitaxiallaver of the Nd_2Fe_(14)B grains.Owing to the atomic diffusion and other types of mass trans-port,magnetic hardening occurred in the epitaxial layer,thus the coercivity of the alloy hasbeen improved.     

烧结NdFeB永磁合金的边界显微结构与磁硬化SCIEI

用TEM观察了烧结NdFeB永磁合金的内边界显微结构,发现该合金存在4种类型的边界。回火前后前三类边界的形貌没有变化,而第4类边界的显微结构发生了显著的变化。用SAED和AES分析了第4类边界的成分与结构,该边界由两个区域组成,即富Nd相区和Nd_2Fe_(14)B晶粒的外延层。回火时,由于原子的扩散和物质迁移,Nd_2Fe_(14)B晶粒的外延层发生了磁硬化,因而合金的矫顽力得到提高。     

非晶Nd6Fe81B13合金的晶化和磁性

本文研究了非晶Nd_6Fe_(81)B_(13)合金的磁性和晶化及其对样品结构和磁性的影响。讨论了非晶样品的低温磁性和Nd对昌化温度和Curie温度的影响。在873K退火的样品中得到一个新相。     

电弧式快淬炉批量制备高性能(Nd,Zr)-Fe-B合金

采用电弧熔体快淬加后续晶化处理的方法批量制备了钕铁硼合金,研究了Zr、Nd元素含量对钕铁硼合金磁性能的影响。结果表明,添加的Zr原子能进入Nd：Fe14B相的晶格中,部分占据Nd原子的位置,从而提高Nd2Fe14B硬磁相的含量,因此显著提高(Nd,Zr)-F-B合金的磁性能。     

CRYSTALLIZATION AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF AMORPHOUS Nd_6Fe_(81)B_(13)ALLOY

The magnetic properties and the crystallization and its influence on the magnetic and struc-tural properties for rapidly quenched amorphous Nd_6Fe_(81)B-(13) alloy have been studied.The lowtemperature magnetic properties,the Curie temperature and the crystallization behavior arediscussed.A small addition(6at.-%)of Nd in amorphous Fe-B alloys increases largely thecrystallization temperature T_x but causes a decrease of the Curie temperature Tc·A newphase was observed in the sample annealed at 873 K.     

MAGNETIC PROPERTIES AND CRYSTALLIZATION OF RAPIDLY QUENCHED(Fe_(1-x)Ga_x)_(77.5)Nd_4B_(18.5) ALLOYS

The Curie temperature increases but crystallization temperature decreases with the in-crease of Ga content,x,of amorphous(Fe_(1-x)Ga_x)_(77.5)Nd_4B_(18.5) alloys.The averagemagnetic moment of Fe atoms is almost a constant.By X-ray diffraction and ther-momagnetic measurements,the crystalline phases of the alloys,an unknown phase andα-(Fe,Ga)besides Fe_3 B as major one,were identified.The relationship between roomtemperature coercive field and Ga.content was also studied.     

粉末烧结钕铁硼激光熔凝层的易磁化轴取向

研究当各向异性粉末烧结Nd15Fe77B8永磁体的磁化方向分别与x,y,z轴平行时,其上激光熔凝层中Nd2Fe14B胞柱晶的易磁化轴的取向特征.采用XRD,SEM,Bitter粉纹等实验方法对粉末烧结Nd15Fe77B8永磁体表面的激光熔凝层进行了分析.结果表明:当磁体的磁化方向分别与x,y轴平行时,其上激光熔凝层中Nd2Fe14B胞柱晶的易磁化轴具有与粉末烧结基体相同的取向;而当磁体的磁化方向与z轴平行时,其上激光熔凝层中的Nd2Fe14B胞柱晶的易磁化轴在xoy平面内随机分布.在激光快速熔凝条件下,磁体表面激光熔凝层中的胞状Nd2Fe14B的择优生长方向为[100]晶向.     

添加Dy和Dy2O3的烧结NdFeB系永磁体的显微结构与磁硬化

研究了(Nd_(1-x)Dy_x)_(16)Fe_(77.2)B_(6.8)和Nd_(16)Fe_(77.2)B_(6.8)+ywt-% Dy_2O_3磁体的磁性能、显微结构和磁硬化,在冶炼时添加Dy,Dy原子进入基体相,使其H_A提高,并细化晶粒和改善边界结构,提高磁体的矫顽力H_c,在制粉时添加Dy_2O_3,Dy原子进入基体相晶粒的外延展,使其K_1~2提高,同样细化晶粒和改善边界结构,并减少外延层厚度,提高磁体的矫顽力H_(ci),添加约2—3Wt—%的Dy_2O_3可制造出高H_(ci)高磁能积(BH)_m的NdFeB系烧结永磁材料。     

PHASE DIAGRAM OF Nd-Fe-B TERNARY SYSTEM——Ⅱ.Two Vertical Sections with Constant Nd and B Respectively,Passing Through Nd_2Fe_(14) B Point

According to the experimental data of phase transition taken from DTA, metallography,SEM and microzone composition, two vertical sections of the ternary phase diagram (B=5.88at.-%, Nd≤45.41 at.-% andNd_2Fe_(14)BNd_(1.1)Fe_4B_4 , B≤44.56 at.-%) have been drawn indetail. It is verified that the crystallization of both Nd_2Fe_(14)B and Nd_(1.1)Fe_4B_4 phase, duringcooling from melt, would take peritectic reaction instead of solid-liquid congruent precipita-tion.     

MICROSTRUCTURE AND MAGNETIC HARDENING OF SINTERED NdFeB MAGNETS DOPPED WIHT Dy OR Dy_2O_3

The magnetic properties,microstructure and magnetic hardening of sintered(Nd_(1-x)Dy_x)_(16)Fe_(77.2)B_(6.8) and Nd_(16)Fe_(77.2)B_(6.8)+ywt-%Dy_2O_3 magnets have been stud-ied.As an addition of Dy to the magnet during smelting,Dy atoms may enter thematrix phase Nd_2Fe_(14)B,so as to enhance H_A,refine grains and improve boundary struc-ture,as well as to increase H_(ci)of the magnet.If Dy_2O_3 is added to powder materialprior to sintering,Dy atoms diffuse into the epitaxial layer of grains of matrix phasecausing enhancement of K′_1,also refinement of grains and improvement of boundarystructure.The NdFeB based permanent magnets with higher H_(ci) and greater(BH)_mmay be produced by adding about 2—3 wt-% Dy_2O_3 which make a favourable conditionfor lower cost.     

CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF Y_2(Fe_(0.95)Al_(0.05))_(14)B

The site occupancies in permanent magnetic alloy Y_2(Fe_(0.95)Al_(0.05))_(14)B has been studied bymeans of neutron diffraction.The results from profile refinement show that Al enters thetetragonal structure of Nd_2Fe_(14)B and occupies the 4c and 8j_2 sites of the space groupP4_2/mnm preferably.The relation between the site occupancies and the magnetic proper-ties is discussed preliminarily.     

氢破碎工艺热力学研究

本文从热力学角度讨论了氢破碎制粉工艺的过程以及发生的条件,并与吸氢-脱氢-歧化-重组（HD-DR）工艺做了对比.分析结果表明,Nd2Fe14B相氢化反应发生的温度条件较宽,比较容易发生,分解反应相对来说要求的温度条件较高;在低温条件下,Nd2Fe14B化合物的歧化反应具有较大的驱动力,随温度的升高而降低.从热力学分析可以发现,在低于某一临界温度和高于某一临界氢分压时Nd2Fe14B发生歧化分解.     

Y2（Fe.095Al0.05）14B的中子衍射研究

用中子衍射对永磁合金Y_2(Fe_(0.95)Al_(005))_(14)B进行了测量。结果表明:其仍为Nd_2Fe_(14)B型四角结构,空间群为P42/mnm;Al进入晶体结构之中并择优占据4c及8j_2晶位。对Al的择优占位与磁性的关系进行了初步的讨论。     

EFFECT OF Nb ADDITION ON MICROSTRUCTURE OF(Nd,Dy)-(Fe,Co)-B MAGNETS

An addition of Nb up to 2 at.-% into(Nd,Dy)-(Fe,Co)-B alloy causes the formation ofdendrite Fe_2Nb and the precipitates in hard magnetic grains.Both increases withincreasing Nb content.During sintering,part of Fe_2Nb dissolves within the 2:14:1 grains,and the Fe_2Nb along grain boundaries hinders the growth of 2:14:1 grains.During an-nealing,the dissolved Nb in(?)-phase precipitates out,and this nearby the grain boundarydiffuses into Nd-rich phase to form new granular Fe_2Nb and to increase the Nb contentin Nd-rich phase,this results in a precipitate-free zone in the(?)-grain near Nd-rich phase.     

MAGNETOSTRICTIVE BEHAVIOUR OF R（Fe_（1－x）Al_x）_y ALLOYS（R＝Dy_（0．65）Tb_（0．25）Pr_（0．1））

ＭＡＧＮＥＴＯＳＴＲＩＣＴＩＶＥＢＥＨＡＶＩＯＵＲＯＦＲ（Ｆｅ_（１－ｘ）Ａｌ_ｘ）_ｙＡＬＬＯＹＳ（Ｒ＝Ｄｙ_（０．６５）Ｔｂ_（０．２５）Ｐｒ_（０．１））￥ＷＡＮＧＢｏｗｅｎ;ＷＵＣｈａｎｇｈｅｎｇ;ＺＨＵＡＮＧＹｕｚｈｉ;ＪＩＮＸｉｍｅｉ;ＬＩＪｉ...     

烧结NdFeB磁体热压变形后富Nd相的显微组织

采用热压变形法对NdFeB磁体晶间富Nd相的显微组织进行了研究,实验结果表明,NdFeB磁体经真空热压变形后,富Nd相不再平均地分布在磁体晶间,而是聚集成团块状或从磁体边缘渗出,显微组织分析表明,富Nd相主要是由α-Dd和Nd2Fe17两相组成,与Nd-Fe合金的共晶组织成分接近,对于晶间添加Al元素的磁体,Al溶入晶间形成Nd2Fe15Al2相弥散地分布在晶界上,这有益于磁体矫顽力的提高;对于晶间添加Cu元素的磁体,晶间没有发现有新相产生。     

Comparative Study of the Magnetic Properties and Glass-Forming Ability of Fe-Based Bulk Metallic Glass with Minor Mn,Co, Ni,and Cu Additions

Fe_(43)M_5Cr_(15)Mo_(14)C_(15)B_6Y_2 (M=Mn,Co,Ni,and Cu in at.%)bulk metallic glasses(BMGs)are synthesized using the suction casting technique,and the glass-forming ability(GFA),microstructure,and thermal and magnetic properties of these glasses are extensively examined using X-ray diffraction,differential scanning calorimeter,and vibrating sample magnetometer techniques.Among the four BMG alloys,Fe_(43)Ni_5Cr_(15)Mo_(14)C_(15)B_6Y_2 exhibits the lowest coercivity and the highest saturation magnetization,Curie temperature,effective magnetic moment,and GFA.By contrast,Fe_(43)Mn_5Cr_(15)Mo_(14)C_(15)B_6Y_2 presents the poorest magnetic properties,such as the highest coercivity and the lowest saturation magnetization,Curie temperature,and effective magnetic moment.Fe_(43)Cu_5Cr_(15)Mo_(14)C_(15)B_6Y_2 demonstrates the lowest thermal stability and GFA.The observed thermal,structural,and magnetic properties of these BMG alloys are discussed in terms of the kinetics of BMG synthesization and the formation of different ferromagnetic,ferrimagnetic,and antiferromagnetic phases.     

MOSSBAUER STUDY ON MAGNETIC ANISOTROPY OF AMORPHOUS ALLOY Fe_(71)Ni_(10)B_(13)Si_4C_2

Magnetic anisotropies of the amorphous alloy Fe_(71)Ni_(10)B_(13)Si_(14)C_2 annealed in magnetic fieldhave been studied using Mossbauer spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction.It is shown that thedistribution of moments in the annealed sample are determined by both stress-produced andthermomagnetic treatment-induced magnetic anisotropies.