The construct validity of social desirability.

Replies to A. L. Edwards (see record 1990-13700-001) and J. A. Walsh (see record 1990-13747-001) about R. Hogan and R. A. Nicholson's (see record 1989-00097-001) article on construct validity and social desirability (SD) in personality measurement. Nicholson and Hogan argue that SD does not contaminate self-reports of personality and that there is no lack of differential validity among instruments for SD to explain. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"How much can we boost IQ and scholastic achievement": Addendum.

Responds to the critique by the Council for the Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues (see record 1990-56779-001) of A. R. Jensen's article (see record 1969-09740-001) concerning the influence of heredity vs environment on IQ and scholastic achievement and suggests that the critique draws attention to Jensen's use of a social definition of race for the population tested for IQ. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Validity is local.

Responds to critiques by G. S. Howard (see record 1990-13709-001) and R. Hogan and R. A. Nicholson (see record 1989-00097-001) of J. Kagan's (see record 1989-01454-001) discussion of validity in self-report measurement of personality. The main contention is whether the meaning and validity of a personality construct based only on self-report data are preserved in other theoretical and empirical contexts. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Selected views of family assessment: A commentary.

Comments on articles concerning family assessment by H. D. Grotevant (see record 1990-12120-001); R. B. Hampson et al (see record 1990-12122-001); D. C. Bell and L. G. Bell (see record 1990-12106-001); C. I. Carlson (see record 1990-12110-001); and T. L. Huston and J. K. Rempel (see record 1990-12126-001). It is suggested that theory needs to be related to research and practice more consistently. It would be useful to identify the principle theories in family science and critically examine the unique assessment issues raised by each perspective. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Some comments on "Scientific method and the adversary model": Reply.

Replies to comments by R. P. Youtz (see record 1990-57141-001) on the original article by M. Levine (see record 1977-09339-001) advocating the adversary model of research. The author responds to several specific statements by Youtz, including issues regarding scientific investigation and operationalism. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

'The structure of phenotypic personality traits": Author's reactions to the six comments.

L. R. Goldberg replies to the comments by R. O. Kroger and L. A. Wood (see record 1994-17497-001), S. Guastello (see record 1994-17488-001), D. R. Comer (see record 1994-17481-001), H. J. Eysenck (see record 1994-17486-001), W. D. Shadel and D. Cervone (see record 1994-17520-001), and H. E. Cattell (see record 1994-17479-001) on Goldberg's (PA, Vol 80:17546) article on the Big Five personality traits. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Some comments about cognitions as causal variables.

Notes problems with the position forwarded by I. S. Schonfeld (see record 1990-31203-001) that cognitive behaviors may play a role in antisocial behaviors. A longitudinal study by L. R. Huesmann et al (see record 1987-15097-001) is cited that is not consistent with Schonfeld's hypothesis but is consistent with the hypothesis presented by G. R. Patterson et al (see record 1989-26278-001) that achievement failures are the result of antisocial behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Doing violence to "…violence against women."

Suggests that neither the comments by M. E. Mills (1990) and D. E. Mould (see record 1990-22858-001) on L. E. A. Walker's (see record 1989-26311-001) article nor Walker's (1990) response spoke to the point so clearly identified by Walker's article. It is argued that the incidence of women's violence toward men is largely irrelevant to the study of violence against women. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The Peromyscus papers: Through a glass, darkly.

Comments on the article by J. M. Joffe (see record 1974-06687-001) and the article by R. J. Smith (see record 1990-57143-001), both of which frame a discussion of behaviorism and reactions to the theories of J. B. Watson (e.g., 1925) as a political insurgency and a trial. The present author remarks that although one has been told how often it is done, it is nevertheless alarming to see how easily history can be rewritten to reflect the dogma of the party in power. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Albee's charges are unsupported: Reply to Hanes.

Replies to the comment made by R. M. Hanes (see record 1990-56906-001) on the article by the current author (see record 197108263-001). Hanes challenged Albee to prove his assertions that White Protestant men hold a disproportionate share of wealth, power, and influence in the US and that any one religious group, race, or sex is more prejudiced than others. ALbee states that everything he has experienced completely supports his biases. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The practice of science in the family.

Responds to comments by B. D. Forman (see record 1990-29006-001), S. A. Kirschner (see record 1990-29011-001), and M. Rohrbaugh (see record 1990-29019-001) on the present authors' (see record 1990-29009-001) work on the use of paradoxical interventions with couples. Focus is on (1) the subjectivist and objectivist research approach; (2) language, relationship, and content analysis; and (3) the relevancy of science to practice. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Cognitive resource theory: Issues for specifying a test of the theory.

F. E. Fiedler et al (see record 1992-34884-001) raise a variety of objections to a study by R. P. Vecchio (see record 1990-17057-001), which addressed the 7 propositions of cognitive resource theory. Their objections, which are essentially based on reservations offered in the article itself, reflect overstatement and are largely unfounded. This article examines each of their objections and reiterates areas that deserve further refinement. Future research related to cognitive resource theory will benefit from a consideration of the original points raised in the author's earlier article. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Further reflections on publishing multiple journal articles from the same data set: Reply to Bray (1994) and Parke (1994).

J. H. Bray's (see record 1995-11196-001) and R. D. Parke's (see record 1995-11204-001) comments on M. A. Fine and L. A. Kurdek's (see record 1995-11198-001) article are constructive, and their efforts have extended the dialogue on the important issue of publishing multiple journal articles from a single data set. This article identifies areas of agreement with Bray and Parke and comments on additional issues that they raised. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Diatribe is not dialogue: On selected attempts to attack and defend behaviorism.

Describes the emotional nature of responses to M. J. Mahoney's (see record 1990-03226-001) discussion of the differences between scientific psychology and radical behaviorism. Responses are offered to comments from R. W. Proctor and D. J. Weeks (see record 1991-06227-001), E. K. Morris (see record 1991-06224-001), C. J. Lonigan (see record 1991-06220-001), and W. J. Wyatt (see record 1991-06231-001). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"On the intricacies involved in the study of similarity judgments: Comment on Ritov, Gati, and Tversky": Reply.

G. Keren's (see record 1990-27344-001) alternative interpretation is refuted by the data in Table 14 of I. Ritov et al's (see record 1990-27355-001) article on differential weighting of common and distinctive components. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

To be (objective) or not to be.

Comments that the power and the danger of E. E. Sampson's (see record 1994-17460-001) argument on identity politics are suggested by research on the psychology of women and the work done by R. K. White (1966) and by R. R. Holt and B. Silverstein (see record 1990-01052-001) on enemy images. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Seventeen authors in search of a myth: A reply to Cohen et al.

Reviews assertions made by S. Cohen et al (see record 1990-05833-001) on smoking cessation and suggests that the article's exposition did not represent a clear interpretation of the main thrust of S. Schachter's (see record 1982-30809-001) and R. Rzewnicki and D. G. Forgays's (see record 1987-16432-001) contributions. It is further suggested that all of these data are reconcilable. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Learning-forgetting rate independence defined by forgetting function parameters or forgetting function form: Reply to Loftus and Bamber and to Wixted.

This article is a reply to the comments of G. R. Loftus and D. Bamber (see record 1991-06492-001) and J. T. Wixted (see record 1991-06505-001) on a recent article of mine (R. S. Bogartz, see record 1990-09037-001). Various errors and misunderstandings of my approach in those comments are corrected and clarified. It is argued that the question of whether or not forgetting rate depends on the amount of initial learning is best answered by first providing a theoretical definition of forgetting, specifying a forgetting function, defining a rate of forgetting in terms of that function, and then determining whether the initial level of learning appears as a parameter influencing the value of the rate of forgetting. This view opposes that of Loftus and Bamber, who define the learning–forgetting rate issue in terms of the form of the forgetting function itself, and maintain that forgetting rate is independent of rate of learning only if the retention function is a monotone transformation of an exponential function. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

On "Sir Cyril Burt in perspective."

Responds to A. R. Jensen's (see record 1979-12278-001) criticism of M. McAskie's (see record 1979-12282-001) article on the interpretation of C. Burt's kinship data. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Theoretical psychology, artificial intelligence, and empirical research.

Replies to M. R. Dawson's (see record 1990-24151-001) argument that A. Kukla (see record 1989-24526-001) misrepresents the empirical element in discussing artificial intelligence. The main objection to Dawson's comment is that it perpetuates the idea that theoretical work is coextensive with the task of constructing new theories. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)