用动态模拟技术进行油气田工艺处理系统开停工方案的研究

石油天然气开采过程中对于油气处理系统投产运行和系统关停过程的研究是系统设计过程中的重要组成部分。在设计过程中,油气生产工艺流程稳态模拟已得到广泛的应用,但对于非稳态工艺过程,如系统的开停工、控制系统的研究等,则必须借助动态模拟软件仿真模拟技术来进行研究。本文通过HYSYS软件的动态模拟系统对油气田处理工艺系统的开停工过程进行动态研究分析,以期通过开停工方案的研究,能对现场的实际生产起到有效的指导作用。     

乙烯装置开停车过程节能减排技术进展

随着我国乙烯装置的大型化、原料价格的增长以及环保要求的日益严格,乙烯装置开停车过程的节能减排研究逐渐受到乙烯企业和国内外研究者的重视。综述了国内外关于乙烯装置开停车过程中的节能减排技术,并对动态模拟在开停车节能减排中的应用进展进行了介绍。     

规整填料精馏塔的设计计算

通过大量的文献调研，比较了规整填料精馏塔和板式塔的优缺点，对规整填料精馏塔内压降、传质及液泛时压降的计算公式进行了比较，总结出设计计算规整填料精馏塔的步骤与方法，为规整填料精馏塔的应用提供了基础。     

香茅油间歇精馏塔的工艺计算

对300t/a香茅油间歇精馏塔进行物料衡算,根据物料衡算的结果对精馏塔的操作温度、最小理论板数、理论板数、最小回流比、操作回流比和塔径等进行计算,获得塔体的工艺和设备参数。     

动态模拟用于加压汽提塔控制优化

带侧线加压单塔是煤气化废水工艺中的关键设备之一.但现有控制方案,存在操作难以稳定等问题.在对汽提塔动态模型讨论基础上,借助Aspen Dynamics动态模拟工具,对该汽提塔的动态特性、控制方案抗扰动能力以及对异常情况的响应情况等进行了深入讨论,在模拟基础上分析了现有控制方案的不足,并提出了改进方案.模拟和工业运行的结...     

安庆石化Ⅰ套常减压装置流程模拟及优化

安庆石化应用ASPEN PLUS软件,建立Ⅰ套常减压装置模型,运用灵敏度分析工具,对装置进行模拟优化,将优化结果应用于生产,取得较好的应用效果.     

A three-phase nonequilibrium dynamic model for catalytic distillation

A detailed three-phase nonequilibrium (NEQ) dynamic model for simulating batch and continuous catalytic distillation (CD) processes has been developed. In this model, both molar and energy holdups in liquid and vapour phases are taken into account. Multicomponent mass transfer and heat transfer between vapour and liquid phases as well as between liquid and solid (catalyst) phases are described by the Maxwell-Stefan equations. The resulting differential and algebra equations in this model are implemented in gPROMS and C++. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental data obtained from the batch and continuous CD processes for the production of diacetone alcohol (DAA) using Amberlite IRA-900 as a catalyst. Sensitivity analysis on the mass transfer and kinetics using the three-phase NEQ dynamic model indicates that the formation of DAA is controlled by solid-liquid mass transfer, whereas the formation of mesityl oxide is kinetically controlled under the simulation conditions.     

规整填料塔多元蒸馏过程混合型模型的模拟

填料塔精馏过程的模拟设计大多采用平衡级模型,但由于单一板效率值的难以确定,很多场合模拟很不成功;而新提出的非平衡级模型认为塔内传质传热均处于非平衡状态,由于方程数和经验性参数多,模型求解非常困难。文章针对规整填料的特点,建立了规整填料塔蒸馏过程的一种混合型模型,模型的主要特征是认为气液二相传质处于不平衡状态,而传热处于平衡状态。模型建立在实际填料基础上,既舍去传统的平衡级模型不确定性,又省略了非平衡级模型中复杂的经验性传热系数和液相传质系数的计算。模型计算值和实验值符合较好,也证实混合型模型既反映实际,又使模型求解变得相对容易。     

多项式正交配置建立精馏塔简化动态模型

根据多项式正交配置原理,系统地给出了一种通用的精馏塔简化动态模型.其建模基本原理是将精馏塔的状态变量考虑成塔的轴向距离的连续可微函数,并用多项式近似描述,使得逐板机理模型大为简化,在简化动态模型中,综合考虑了物料及能量平衡、塔板水力学及再沸器动态特性,避免了汽液平衡的迭代计算,节省了计算时间.通过对脱乙烷精馏塔进行仿真,证明了该简化模型可以给出满意的计算精度.     

加盐萃取精馏法制无水异丙醇过程模拟

对加盐萃取精馏法制备无水异丙醇过程进行了模拟计算,采用有序双液程(NRTL)模型对异丙醇-水-乙二醇-醋酸钾体系异丙醇-水气液平衡数据进行了回归,得到了该条件下的NRTL交互作用参数,在此基础上采用Aspen软件进行模拟计算;对理论塔板数、回流比(质量比)与进料位置进行了优化,模拟结果与现场数据吻合较好,说明采用的方法适用于加盐萃取精馏过程的模拟。     

甲醇精馏工艺模拟计算及分析

利用化工模拟软件PRO/II对甲醇精馏的三塔和双塔两种不同流程进行模拟计算,并从能耗、设备投资等方面对这两种流程作比较分析。     

改进的信息流图及其在精馏塔建模与仿真中的应用

计算机动态建模与仿真中,人们最常用的用以辅助进行交流和讨论以及文档化相关成果与决策的分析、设计方法及表示法是信息流图（information flow diagram）。在前人研究的基础上,提出了一种改进的、更为完善的信息流图表示法。该表示法共包含三大类、九小类组成元素,基本能够完全覆盖计算机动态建模与仿真中所有种类的数学公式及其他模型表达方式。最后,以精馏塔的动态建模与仿真为例,详细说明了改进的信息流图的具体应用情况。事实证明,改进的信息流图不仅为相关工作人员提供了良好的沟通媒介,还使人们能够更加容易地从先前的仿真模型构建项目中复用需求和设计组件等,从而提高了仿真模型构建的效率和质量。     

化工过程动态仿真的研究与应用进展

通过介绍化工动态流程模拟系统完全依据机理模型开发并在科研和实际生产中应用的进展,指出了化工过程动态模拟软件开发与应用中存在的一些问题,以及开发和推广通用动态模拟软件的重要性,并对化工动态模拟的发展方向做了预测和探讨。     

一种改进的多元精馏塔动态模型

综合了精馏塔的物料及能量平衡、塔板水力学方程、塔板效率及再沸器动态特性,给出一种改进的非理想多元物系精馏塔通用动态数学模型.增加了汽液平衡计算,从而弥补了文献[1]所提出的动态模型的缺陷,提高了其精度和通用性.模型仿真算法采用Gear积分方法,稳定性好,对解刚性比很高的精馏塔微分方程组十分有效.通过对某丙烯腈萃取精馏塔的仿真表明,该动态模型能够较好地反映对象的动态形为.     

Multi-loop nonlinear internal model controller design based on a dynamic fuzzy partial least squares model

In this paper, a dynamic fuzzy partial least squares (DFPLS) modeling method is proposed. Under such framework, the multiple input multiple output (MIMO) nonlinear system can be automatically decomposed into several univariate subsystems in PLS latent space. Within each latent space, a dynamic fuzzy method is introduced to model the inherent dynamic and nonlinear feature of the physical system. The new modeling method combines the decoupling characteristic of PLS framework and the ability of dynamic nonlinear modeling in the fuzzy method. Based on the DFPLS model, a multi-loop nonlinear internal model control (IMC) strategy is proposed. A pH neutralization process and a methylcyclohexane (MCH) distillation column from Aspen Dynamic Module are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed modeling method and control strategy.     

A structured model for the simulation of bioreactors under transient conditions

Modeling the transient behavior of continuous culture is of primary importance for the scale‐up of biological processes. Spatial heterogeneities increase with the reactor size and micro‐organisms have to cope with a fluctuating environment along their trajectories within the bioreactor. In this article, a structured model for bioreactions expressed in terms of biological extensive variables is proposed. A biological variable is introduced to calculate the growth rate of the population. The value is updated on the basis of the difference between the composition in the liquid and biotic phase. The structured model is able to predict the transient behavior of different continuous cultures subject to various drastic perturbations. This performance is obtained with a minimum increase in the standard unstructured model complexity (one additional time constant). In the final part, the consequences of decoupling the growth rate from the substrate uptake rate are discussed. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009     

An aggregation model reduction method for one‐dimensional distributed systems

A method for deriving reduced dynamic models of one‐dimensional distributed systems is presented. It inherits the concepts of the aggregated modeling method of Lévine and Rouchon originally derived for simple staged distillation models and can be applied to both spatially discrete and continuous systems. The method is based on partitioning the system into intervals of steady‐state systems, which are connected by dynamic aggregation elements. By presolving and substituting the steady‐state systems, a discrete low‐order dynamic model is obtained. A characteristic property of the aggregation method is that the original and the reduced model assume identical steady states. For spatially continuous systems, the method is an alternative to discretization methods like finite‐difference and finite‐element methods. Implementation details of the method are discussed, and the principle is illustrated on three example systems, namely a distillation column, a heat exchanger, and a fixed‐bed reactor. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012     

Enzymatic catalyzed reactive dividing wall column: Experiments and model validation

A novel process for the integration of chemical reaction and product separation is proposed: the enzymatic catalyzed reactive dividing wall column (eRDWC). The eRDWC combines the highly integrated and complex reactive dividing wall column (RDWC) with the use of a very selective enzymatic catalyst. This apparatus enables the simultaneous production and separation of up to 4 pure product streams. Comprehensive experiments with the reference system of a hexanol and butyl acetate transesterification in a DN 65 pilot scale column show the feasibility of stable steady state operations for this process. A rigorous model for the plant design of an eRDWC wall column is developed. The reaction kinetics and vapor‐liquid‐equilibria for the reference system are measured and implemented in the model. The model is successfully validated using the acquired experimental data. The application of enzymes in continuous reactive distillation processes has the potential to increase the selectivity at milder process conditions. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 2198–2211, 2017     

丁醛精馏塔流程模拟与优化

利用Aspen-plus流程模拟软件对丁辛醇装置丁醛精馏塔建立流程模拟模型,比较模拟结果与设计值,通过灵敏度分析,确定最佳操作参数条件.