真菌固态发酵对玉米抗氧化性影响

采用两株食品常用真菌(米根霉3.1175和3.2751)固态发酵玉米,研究发酵前后这2株真菌对玉米抗氧化成分以及抗氧化活性的影响。测定了发酵前后玉米中的总酚和总黄酮;并通过氧自由基吸收能力(ORAC)法和循环伏安法测定了发酵前后抗氧化活性。结果发现玉米中总酚含量、抗氧化活性在米根霉3.2751的发酵下得到显著提高(p<0.05),而其黄酮含量在发酵前后变化不显著(p>0.05)。米根霉3.1175发酵的玉米,总酚含量、黄酮含量、ORAC法抗氧化活性变化不显著(p>0.05),循环伏安法抗氧化活性显著下降(p<0.05)。因此米根霉3.2751发酵的玉米相对未发酵玉米具有更好的抗氧化活性。     

荞麦蜜抗氧化成分的挖掘和活性评价

目的确定荞麦蜜中具有抗氧化活性的主要成分。方法分别采用细胞抗氧化方法 (cellular antioxidant activity,CAA)、清除DPPH·自由基和氧自由基吸收能力法(oxygen radical absorbance capacity,ORAC法)测定荞麦蜜多酚粗提物及通过凝胶色谱柱分离的8个级份的抗氧化活性,并采用液相色谱-质谱法(liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,LC-MS)对活性较高的级份进行鉴定。结果荞麦蜜多酚粗提物和级份8对DPPH·自由基清除能力明显强于其他级份强(P0.05),IC_(50)值分别为139.3μg/mL和180.1μg/mL;而ORAC评价发现级份5、8的ORAC值比其他组份高(P0.05),抗氧化活性高,且级份5、8的ORAC值差异不显著(P0.05),IC_(50)值分别为84.54、84.24 mmol/mg,细胞抗氧化方法评价结果显示级份3、4、8的抗氧化活性好于其他级份和多酚粗提物(P0.05),其EC_(50)值分别为0.369、0.305、0.126 mg/mL,且3者之间没有显著性差异(P0.05)。由此可见级份8可能含有荞麦蜜中特征性抗氧化成分。结论实验表明4-羟基苯甲酸、香草酸、对香豆酸和柠檬酸是荞麦蜜多酚具有抗氧化活性的主要成分,为提高荞麦蜜产品的商品价值提供理论依据。     

热带水果多酚提取物的抗氧化和抗增殖活性研究

为明确12种热带水果多酚提取物的总酚含量、总抗氧化能力和抗肿瘤细胞增殖活性,分别采用Folin-Ciocalteu法确定了水果提取物的总酚含量,采用ORAC和FRAP的方法确定了其抗氧化能力,采用MTT的方法确定了其抗人肝癌细胞HepG2增殖的活性。结果显示,12种水果提取物的总酚含量为26.17-229.67 mg GAE/100g 鲜重,最高杨桃的总酚含量为最低鳄梨的8.78倍;ORAC和FRAP抗氧化值分别为607.05-2631.17 μmol TE/100g 鲜重和462.12-1067.92 μmol TE/100 g鲜重,杨桃具有最高的ORAC和FRAP抗氧化值,分别是最低木瓜的4.33倍和鳄梨的2.31倍;11种水果提取物抑制肿瘤细胞HepG2增殖的IC50值为31.79-66.93 mg/mL,抑制活性最弱木瓜的IC50值为最强杨桃的2.11倍。水果提取物的总酚含量与其ORAC抗氧化值（R2＝0.7839）、FRAP抗氧化值（R2＝0.7636）和抑制HepG2细胞增殖的IC50值（R2＝0.8847）之间具有显著的相关性。     

玉米须中不同极性多酚体外抗氧化活性比较研究

采用石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇对玉米须多酚进行提取,通过还原能力、清除DPPH自由基、超氧自由基、羟基自由基与ABTS~+自由基5种体系对其体外抗氧化活性进行评价。结果表明,不同极性的多酚,抗氧化活性表现出一定的差异,总酚含量与还原力、DPPH自由基和超氧自由基的清除能力呈显著相关性(p0.05),而与羟基自由基和ABTS~+自由基清除能力无显著的相关性,但抗氧化能力的顺序一致,依次为水层正丁醇层乙酸乙酯层氯仿层石油醚层。总体来说,具有高抗氧化活性的玉米须多酚以极性酚为主。因此通过富集极性多酚,以期获得具有高抗氧化活性的玉米须多酚。     

黍子的抗氧化活性及其与功能活性成分的关系

通过建立C57BL/6肥胖小鼠模型,评价了黍子对小鼠肝脏抗氧化性能的影响。并在分析比较其多酚和黄酮含量的基础上,利用抗氧化化学分析和细胞评价试验,研究了黍子抗氧化活性与其主要功能活性物质含量之间的关系。结果表明:高脂饮食削弱了小鼠肝脏的抗氧化性能,日粮中添加黍子后,高脂饮食小鼠肝脏的抗氧化能力得到了明显的改善。不同黍子品种间多酚和黄酮的含量差异较大。总多酚含量变异系数可达63.61%,变幅为0.78~3.44mg/g。总黄酮含量变异系数可达68.46%,变幅为0.89~10.17 mg/g。不同品种黍子提取物的总抗氧化能力指数(ORAC)和细胞抗氧化活性(CAA)均存在显著性差异,且黍子提取物的ORAC和CAA值与黄酮和多酚的总含量相关,均呈正向线性关系,相关系数R~2分别为0.811和0.565。     

不同品种李子多酚组成及抗氧化活性

为研究不同品种李子果皮、果肉多酚组成及抗氧化活性,以9个不同品种的李子(芙蓉李、巫山李、玫瑰李、红布李、黑布李、西梅李、脆红李、江安李、青李)为原料,提取游离酚和结合酚,测定其1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基清除能力和抗氧化能力(oxygen radical absorbance capacity,ORAC)值,并通过高效液相色谱分析其多酚组成。结果显示:9种李子果皮总酚含量范围为111.52~775.88 mg GAE/100 g;果肉总酚含量范围为120.65~301.91 mg GAE/100 g,其中红布李果皮、果肉总酚含量均最高,西梅李总酚含量均最低。在多酚组成上,游离酚含量显著高于结合酚,且多酚组分主要为酚酸(原儿茶酸、绿原酸、咖啡酸)。体外抗氧化结果显示:9种李子果皮、果肉多酚均具有一定的抗氧化活性,DPPH自由基清除IC50值范围为4.38~46.46μg/m L,ORAC值范围为0.24~210.50μmol TE/g,其中巫山李果肉游离酚对DPPH自由基的清除能力最强,红布李果皮游离酚ORAC值最高。     

玉米须多酚预热结合超声辅助提取工艺及抗氧化性研究

采用先加热浸提后超声波辅助乙醇提取玉米须多酚,在单因素试验基础上,对超声波辅助提取玉米须多酚进行了响应面优化试验,并对玉米须多酚抗氧化活性进行了研究。结果表明:最佳提取条件为料液比122(g/mL),乙醇体积分数60%,超声时间32min,超声温度60℃,该条件下玉米须多酚提取率为(6.49±0.23)%。玉米须多酚对DPPH自由基、羟自由基和ABTS自由基清除率相当于还原型谷胱甘肽的量分别为0.917,0.809,0.881mg/mg。     

武夷岩茶多酚组分及其抗氧化活性

武夷岩茶是中国传统名茶,其中含有丰富的多酚成分,并具有一定的保健功效。选取5种典型武夷岩茶为研究对象,制备冲泡茶汤与粉末浸提液,分别测定其茶多酚组分和抗氧化活性。采用福林酚法测定其总酚含量,高效液相色谱法测定其咖啡碱、9种儿茶素类物质和4种茶黄素类物质的含量;然后采用ABTS法、DPPH法、FRAP法测定其体外抗氧化活性;采用皮尔森相关系数分析茶汤和茶粉浸提液中主要多酚含量与其体外抗氧化活性间的相关性。结果表明:武夷岩茶茶汤和茶粉浸提液的总酚含量为0.67 mg GAE/mL和3.89 mg GAE/mL;咖啡碱占126.07酃,181.86酃;儿茶素总量占142.49酃,423.09酃;茶黄素总量为1.14酃,3.88酃。武夷岩茶茶汤和茶粉浸提液具有显著的体外抗氧化活性,其中ABTS清除活性分别为6.43 mg GAE/g和140.27 mg GAE/g;DPPH清除活性分别为9.14 mg GAE/g和182.66 mg GAE/g;FRAP还原力分别为6.18 mg GAE/g和101.44 mg GAE/g。通过皮尔森相关系数分析可知,武夷岩茶的多酚含量与其体外抗氧化活性有显著的正相关关系(P0.05)。本研究的开展对深入了解武夷岩茶的营养保健功效具有一定的意义。     

提取方式对玉米须总多酚抗氧化活性的影响研究

以玉米须为原料,利用酶法、微波、超声波和微波辅助超声波四种方式提取玉米须中的多酚,并研究了不同提取方式得到多酚的抗氧化活性。通过测定多酚的体外还原能力以及DPPH自由基、超氧自由基、羟基自由基和ABTS自由基的清除能力,考察四种提取方式得到多酚的抗氧化活性并进行比较。结果表明,微波辅助超声波提取得到的多酚含量最高,为1.975 mg/g;四种提取方式得到的多酚对DPPH自由基、超氧自由基、羟基自由基和ABTS自由基均具有较强的清除作用,且相关性显著,其中酶法提取多酚的清除能力均强于其余三种提取方式的清除能力,抗氧化活性由强到弱依次为酶法提取微波辅助超声波提取微波提取超声波提取。     

黑脉羊肚菌多酚分级制备及其抗氧化活性

以黑脉羊肚菌为原料,采用不同极性溶剂提取多酚,分别得到乙酸乙酯相、甲醇相和水相多酚提取物,通过高效液相色谱分析其组分,测定其对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基清除能力、2,2’-联氨-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐(2,2’-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate),ABTS)自由基清除能力和抗氧化能力指数(oxygen radical absorbance capacity,ORAC)值,并探讨该多酚提取物含量与抗氧化相关性。结果表明,黑脉羊肚菌总酚含量为20.109 mg/g,其中水相组分多酚含量最高(14.478 mg/g),甲醇相次之(5.443 mg/g),乙酸乙酯相组分多酚含量最低(0.188 mg/g)。3种溶剂的多酚提取物组成中,荭草素含量均为最高。水相组分清除DPPH自由基能力最强,甲醇相组分清除ABTS~+·能力最强,乙酸乙酯相组分具有较高的ORAC值。多酚含量与DPPH自由基清除率、ORAC值具有显著相关性(P0.05)。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press