花生红衣补血口服液改善大鼠缺铁性贫血作用的研究

目的验证花生红衣补血口服液对改善缺铁性贫血的作用效果。方法用低铁饲料饲喂大鼠5周后,建立缺铁性贫血大鼠模型,随机分成低铁对照组和花生红衣补血口服液的低、中、高剂量实验组,观察每组大鼠体重、血红蛋白(Hb)和红细胞游离原卟啉(FEP)含量的变化。结果经花生红衣补血口服液低、中、高剂量灌胃后,实验组大鼠的体重和Hb含量均显著高于低铁对照组(P0.05),FEP含量显著低于低铁对照组(P0.05)。结论花生红衣补血口服液具有改善缺铁性贫血的功能。     

铁强化鲜牛奶改善缺铁性贫血的试验研究

目的：对铁强化鲜牛奶改善缺铁性贫血的效果进行研究评价。方法：采用给予低铁饲料结合定期少量放血的方法建立缺铁性贫血大鼠模型（Hb〈100g／L）后,各组在继续喂饲低铁饲料的同时,对照组和实验组分别给予蒸馏水、乳酸亚铁溶液、普通鲜牛奶和不同剂量的铁强化鲜牛奶,实验结束时再分别测定各组动物的血红蛋白（Hb）水平,红细胞内游离原卟啉（FEP）含量,红细胞计数（RBC）,血清和肝脏中的铁含量,并观察动物的生长情况以及对体重的影响,由此判定铁强化鲜牛奶改善贫血的效果。结果：铁强化鲜牛奶三个剂量组的中期体重和结束体重、Hb水平、红细胞内FEP、RBC、血清以及肝脏中的铁含量测定结果与空白对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义;而且高剂量组的各项指标与普通奶组比较,差异有显著性,与乳酸亚铁组比较,除了体重和Hb差异有显著性,其余指标差异没有显著性。结论：铁强化鲜牛奶具有有效改善动物缺铁性贫血的作用。     

复合枣粉改善大鼠缺铁性贫血的效果评价

目的:探究复合枣粉对大鼠缺铁性贫血的改善效果。方法:用低铁饲料喂饲动物形成实验性缺铁性贫血模型,按血红蛋白(Hb)及体质量将缺铁动物随机分为低铁对照组、复合枣粉低、中、高剂量组(83、167、333 mg/kg BW)和阳性对照组(硫酸亚铁2 mg/kg BW),连续灌胃30d。在实验开始和31d测定大鼠的体质量(BW)、Hb、红细胞压积(HCT)和红细胞内游离原卟啉(FEP)。结果:各剂量组及阳性对照组与低铁对照组大鼠相比,初期的BW、Hb、HCT、FEP均无显著差异;实验末期,Hb含量及增量、HCT及HCT增量显著增高(P0.01),FEP含量显著降低,FEP减量显著升高(P0.01)。结论:复合枣粉能显著改善大鼠缺铁性贫血。     

香菇、黑木耳提取液改善大鼠营养性贫血的 效果评价

目的 考察香菇、黑木耳提取液改善营养性贫血的效果。方法 将SD大鼠以缺铁饲料造成营养性贫血模型, 把大鼠随机分为低铁模型组、香菇提取液灌胃组、黑木耳提取液灌胃组、乳酸亚铁对照组及正常对照组, 比较分析了各组大鼠的体重、摄食量、血红蛋白(Hb)含量、红细胞游离原卟啉(FEP)含量、红细胞压积的变化。结果 实验4周后, 香菇、黑木耳提取液灌胃组大鼠与低铁模型组比较, 体重、摄食量、血红蛋白含量与红细胞压积均显著升高(P<0.05), FEP含量则显著降低(P<0.01); 与乳酸亚铁组比较, 中、高剂量组大鼠血红蛋白含量、红细胞压积明显提高(P<0.05), FEP含量显著降低(P<0.01), 体重、摄食量略有升高; 各提取液灌胃组各项指标均接近正常组。结论 香菇、黑木耳提取液均可明显改善营养性贫血大鼠症状。     

海鳗鱼皮胶原蛋白改善缺铁性贫血活性研究

为寻找一种新型的补血食品,研究了海鳗鱼皮胶原蛋白(PEC)改善大鼠缺铁性贫血活性。采用热提法制备PEC,分析其氨基酸组成、矿物质含量等理化性质。采用传统的饲喂低铁饲料并辅助尾静脉放血的方法建立缺铁性贫血(IDA)模型。将IDA大鼠随机分成模型组、胶原高低剂量组、铁剂组、铁剂+胶原高低剂量组,通过测定大鼠的血红蛋白(Hb)、血清铁和可溶性转铁蛋白受体(s Tf R)浓度,红细胞数(RBC)和网织红细胞数等指标评价其补血效果。结果表明,PEC具有较高的纯度,其药效氨基酸含量占40.29%,Fe、Cu等矿物质元素含量丰富。PEC能够显著地提高IDA大鼠的Hb(P0.01)、血清铁含量(P0.05)和红细胞数(P0.01),降低网织红细胞数(P0.05)和血清中可溶性转铁蛋白受体含量(P0.01),缓解骨髓异常增生,较好地改善缺铁性贫血,还可以促进铁剂的吸收。结论:海鳗鱼皮胶原蛋白能够有效改善缺铁性贫血。     

芹菜叶绿素铁钠与其他补血药物功效的比较研究

目的：探讨芹菜叶绿素铁钠与其他补血剂对大鼠缺铁性贫血的效果。方法：采用低铁饲料建立大鼠缺铁性贫血(IDA)模型,给予叶绿素铁钠、血红素铁、NaFeEDTA和FeSO4,通过测定大鼠血液指标血红蛋白(Hb)含量、红细胞(RBC)数和红细胞压积(HCT),观察补血疗效。结果：在实验30d时,与模型组和FeSO4组相比,叶绿素铁钠组的Hb、RBC、HCT显著增加(P＜0.05);与血红素铁组和NaFeEDTA组相比,差异不显著。结论：芹菜叶绿素铁钠对治疗实验贫血鼠有明显的效果。     

酶解猪血液对大鼠缺铁性贫血预防效果研究

观察酶解猪血液对大鼠缺铁性贫血的预防效果。40只6周龄雌性SD大鼠,适应性喂养3d后按血红蛋白(Hb)和体重均衡的原则分为4组,每组10只。对照组和缺铁模型组分别喂饲正常饲料和低铁饲料(<10mg/kg)并灌胃10m L/(kg·d)去离子水;低、高剂量实验组喂饲低铁饲料并分别灌胃11.1m L/(kg·d)、16.6m L/(kg·d)酶解猪血液。每周测空腹体重(FBW),5周后剪尾取血测Hb含量,并取股动静脉血测血常规及血清白蛋白(ALB)水平。实验结束时,缺铁模型组大鼠FBW、Hb、ALB、红细胞压积(Hct)、平均红细胞血红蛋白(MCH)浓度较对照组均显著降低(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,低、高剂量实验组大鼠FBW均显著升高(P<0.05);高剂量组大鼠Hb、MCH及ALB均显著增高(P<0.05)。酶解猪血液可能具有预防大鼠缺铁性贫血的作用,并在一定程度上可改善机体蛋白质营养状况。     

缺铁性贫血大鼠模型建立和补充乳酸亚铁改善血红蛋白水平研究

为探讨缺铁性贫血大鼠模型建立及补充乳酸亚铁后大鼠生长发育和血红蛋白水平的变化，为相关研究提供参考数据，采用二级初断乳Wistar大鼠25只，体重50—60g，在二级动物房单笼饲低铁饲料4周，测定尾血血红蛋白（Hb），将Hb低于100g／L的大鼠依血红蛋白水平随机分成缺铁对照组和补充铁组，每组10只。实验期为4周。缺铁大鼠和乳酸亚铁补充组大鼠的及其差值均有差异有非常显著性（P〈0．0001）；缺铁性贫血大鼠肝脏重量和心脏重量低于补充乳酸亚铁组大鼠（P〈0，0002），而脾脏和肾脏重量高于补充乳酸亚铁组大鼠，两组脾脏重量差异有显著性（P〈0．05）；缺铁性贫血大鼠的脾脏，体重与心脏，体重显著大于补充乳酸亚铁组大鼠（P〈0．05），补充乳酸亚铁组大鼠的肾脏，体重则大于缺铁性贫血大鼠（P=0．001）；缺铁对照组大鼠的血红蛋白含量非常显著低于补充乳酸亚铁组大鼠（P〈0，0001），而缺铁对照组大鼠的红细胞游离原卟啉含量非常显著高于补充乳酸亚铁组大鼠（P〈0．0001），缺铁组大鼠的白细胞数量是补充组的3．4倍，红细胞数量却仅为补充组的33．9％。缺铁大鼠模型建立需要严格控制饲养条件，缺铁大鼠通过一定的代偿性增生改善机体适应缺铁和缺氧状况的能力有限，补充乳酸亚铁后可以有效地改善缺铁状况。     

铁强化酱油对学生认知能力的干预效果研究

将受试学生分为正常（NA）组、铁缺乏不贫血（IDNA）组和缺铁性贫血（IDA）组,测定铁强化酱油干预前后学生的铁营养指标和认知能力水平。结果表明,干预后,IDA组血红蛋白Hb、血清铁蛋白SF水平均显著升高（P＜0.05）,IDNA组的SF水平显著升高（P＜0.05）,而NA组的Hb、SF水平无明显变化（P＞0.05）。干预后,IDNA组记忆再认量表分显著增加（P＜0.05）,IDA组的基本认知能力、知觉速度、心算效率和记忆再认能力均显著增加（P＜0.05）,而NA组的各项基本认知能力在干预前后均无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。干预后IDA组学生的托尼测试得分增加,但与NA组比较仍有显著差异（P＜0.05）。铁强化酱油干预可以有效改善铁缺乏学生的铁营养状况,对铁缺乏不贫血和缺铁性贫血学生的认知能力也有明显的改善作用。     

某养血口服液改善缺铁性贫血的实验评价

为评价某养血口服液改善动物营养性贫血的作用 ,采用实验性缺铁性贫血模型大鼠观察对血液细胞学、血液生化学指标的影响。试验结果表明实验期间各组动物体重增加 ,3个剂量组的血红蛋白、血清铁、血清铁蛋白和HCT、MCV、MCH及MCHC均明显高于阴性对照组 (P <0 0 5 ,P <0 0 1) ,红细胞内游离原卟啉含量明显低于阴性对照组 (P <0 0 5 ,P <0 0 1) ,由此可见受试物具有改善动物营养性贫血的作用     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the