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将改进Hummer法合成的氧化石墨烯(GO)分散到聚酰亚胺(PI)基体中,运用真空抽滤装置制备用于海水淡化的GO/PI复合薄膜,对复合薄膜的性能进行研究。结果表明:适量的GO(质量分数为0. 010)能够明显改善薄膜的表面形貌,消除或减少薄膜表面孔洞和裂纹;与PI薄膜相比,GO/PI复合薄膜的亲水性能和拉伸性能提高;加入适量的GO(质量分数为0. 010)后,复合薄膜具有较好的脱盐性能,且随着温度升高,脱盐性能提高,当温度达到75℃时,其具有较大的离子去除率(99. 4%)和水渗透量(36. 1 kg·m~(-2)·h~(-1));经多次试验后,复合薄膜的脱盐性能仍能保持较高水平,稳定性较好。GO/PI复合薄膜有望成为一种用于海水淡化的新型反渗透薄膜。 相似文献
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《合成纤维工业》2016,(2):9-12
以均苯四甲酸二酐、4,4'-二氨基二苯醚、3,3'-二氨基二苯醚为原料,以N,N-二甲基乙酰胺为溶剂,制得聚酰胺酸(PAA)纺丝液,采取干法纺丝制得PAA初生纤维,将PAA初生纤维经过300~380℃的热处理后,得到聚酰亚胺(PI)初生纤维,在400℃下对PI初生纤维进行热拉伸,最终得到PI纤维,研究了热处理温度、热拉伸倍数等对PI纤维的结构与性能的影响,比较了PI纤维与P84纤维和芳纶1313的性能。结果表明:在300~380℃的热处理温度下,随着温度升高,PI纤维的力学性能降低,最佳热处理温度为300℃时制得的PI初生纤维于400℃下进行热拉伸3.0倍,所得PI纤维的断裂强度为5.8 c N/dtex,初始模量为69.4c N/dtex,其力学性能优于P84纤维及芳纶1313;PI纤维在空气中失重5%和10%的温度分别为560,570℃,其起始分解温度高于P84纤维和芳纶1313,热性能更好;PI纤维经高温热拉伸,纤维内部分子链沿纤维轴向高度取向,表现出典型的取向诱导结晶效应。 相似文献
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研究了不同热处理条件对PVA光学薄膜溶胀度的影响,并进一步探究了溶胀度对薄膜拉伸性能的影响,结果表明:不同热处理条件对薄膜溶胀度有很大影响.PVA光学膜在水中拉伸时,溶胀度越大,薄膜韧性越好,拉伸倍率越高,但当溶胀度过大,易出现褶皱,拉伸后易出现条纹,溶胀度为279.9%的PVA光学薄膜的拉伸性能最佳. 相似文献
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研究了不同拉伸工艺下双向拉伸尼龙6 (PA6)薄膜的晶体结构及其力学、阻隔性能。结果表明,随着拉伸比的增大,双向拉伸PA6薄膜中β晶型向α晶型的转变程度增大,未发生明显的晶体取向,薄膜均衡性较好,其氧气阻隔性能与拉伸强度提高、断裂伸长率降低。随着拉伸温度的提高,双向拉伸PA6薄膜中α晶型(002)晶面的含量增加,拉伸诱导形成的α晶体越完整,薄膜均衡性与氧气阻隔性能提高,其拉伸强度先升高后降低、断裂伸长率降低。随着拉伸速率的增大,双向拉伸PA6薄膜中α晶体完整性降低,薄膜的均衡性与氧气阻隔性能降低,其拉伸强度增大、断裂伸长率降低。 相似文献
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以4,4'-二氨基二苯醚(ODA)、3,3',4,4'-二苯甲酮四羧酸二酐(BTDA)为单体,以苯基异氰酸酯改性氧化石墨烯(pGO)为填料,通过原位聚合法成功制备了改性氧化石墨烯/聚酰亚胺复合薄膜。采用红外光谱对其结构进行了表征,并研究其拉伸性能和热稳定性能。结果表明,当填料含量为1%时复合薄膜的拉伸性能最佳,拉伸强度(T_S)达到69.1MPa,拉伸模量(T_M)达到2.31GPa,相对于纯PI薄膜其拉伸强度提高9.3%,拉伸模量提高19.1%;此时复合薄膜的残炭率(Y_c)为60.1%,比纯PI薄膜提高2.7%,最大分解速率时的温度(T_(max))为587℃,比纯PI薄膜提高约8℃,玻璃化转变温度(T_g)为361℃,说明该复合薄膜的拉伸性能和热稳定性能得到一定程度的提高。 相似文献
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《工程塑料应用》2020,(8)
为提高聚酰亚胺(PI)模塑料的耐高温性能,以2–(4–氨基苯基)–5–氨基苯并噁唑(BOA)和二氨基二苯醚作为混合二胺与均苯四甲酸酐合成聚酰胺酸树脂,随后通过热亚胺化法制备得到不同噁唑单元添加量的PI模塑粉。利用傅立叶变换红外光谱对模塑粉化学结构进行表征,并考察其在氮气和氧气氛围中的热失重行为。通过热模压方法制备得到含苯并噁唑结构的耐高温PI模塑料,对模塑料室温和430℃高温条件下力学性能进行测试,并对其高温性能稳定性和尺寸稳定性进行表征分析。结果表明,通过两步法和热亚胺化法成功将噁唑基团引入到PI结构中;随着BOA引入量的增加,模塑粉耐热氧稳定性显著提升,模塑料室温拉伸性能有所下降,压缩性能提升,但430℃高温下拉伸性能和压缩性能均优于不含BOA的模塑料,且力学性能保持率显著提高;BOA的引入还提高了PI材料高温性能稳定性,显著降低线性热膨胀系数,含苯并噁唑结构的PI模塑料展现出优越的耐高温性。 相似文献
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笔者以均苯四甲酸二酐(PMDA)和4,4’-二氨基二苯醚(ODA)为单体,以N,N’-二甲基二苯醚(DMAc)为溶剂,制备聚酰胺酸溶液。在此过程中,采用原位聚合法在酰胺酸溶液中加入氧化铝(Al2O3),通过热亚胺化处理制备得到氧化铝/聚酰亚胺(Al2O3/PI)杂化薄膜。用傅立叶变换衰减透射射红外光谱(ATR/FTIR)、静态热机械分析(TMA)、力学性能测试等手段对PI/Al2O3杂化薄膜结构和性能进行表征。红外分析表明,杂化薄膜热亚胺化完全,杂化反应充分进行,并且Al2O3和PI基体之间形成键接;TMA分析表明,PI/Al2O3杂化薄膜的热膨胀系数随氧化铝含量的增加而减小;常温拉伸性能测试表明,随着Al2O3量的增加,PI杂化薄膜弹性模量逐渐增大,而拉伸强度和断裂伸长率呈下降趋势;玻璃化转变温度测试表明,杂化Al2O3之后的玻璃化温度不是很明显;热重分析表明,引入一定量的Al2O3,薄膜的热分解温度降低。而含有10%氧化铝的杂化薄膜各项性能都表现出相对优良的性能。 相似文献
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A polyfluorinated aromatic diamine, 3,3′, 5,5′‐tetrafluoro‐4,4′‐diaminodiphenylmethane (TFDAM), was synthesized and characterized. A series of polyimides, PI‐1–PI‐4, were prepared by reacting the diamine with four aromatic dianhydrides via a one‐step high‐temperature polycondensation procedure. The obtained polyimide resin had moderate inherent viscosity (0.56–0.68 dL/g) and excellent solubility in common organic solvents. The polyimide films exhibited good thermal stability, with an initial thermal decomposition temperature of 555°C–621°C, a 10% weight loss temperature of 560°C–636°C, and a glass‐transition temperature of 280°C–326°C. Flexible and tough polyimide films showed good tensile properties, with tensile strength of 121–138 MPa, elongation at break of 9%–12%, and tensile modulus of 2.2–2.9 GPa. The polyimide films were good dielectric materials, and surface and volume resistance were on the order of a magnitude of 1014 and 1015 Ω cm, respectively. The dielectric constant of the films was below 3.0 at 1 MHz. The polyfluorinated films showed good transparency in the visible‐light region, with a cutoff wavelength as low as 302 nm and transmittance higher than 70% at 450 nm. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 1442–1449, 2007 相似文献
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A series of new polyimides were prepared from the reaction of 2,3,3′,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (a-BPDA) with various aromatic diamines. The properties of the a-BPDA polyimides were compared with those of polyimides prepared from the reaction of 3,3′,4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (s-BPDA) with the same aromatic diamines. Films of the a-BPDA polyimides had higher glass transition temperatures (Tgs) and less color than the corresponding s-BPDA polyimide films. Light transmission at 500 nm, solar absorptivity, and thermal emissivity were determined on certain films. Films of similar polyimides based upon a-BPDA and s-BPDA containing meta linkages and others containing para linkages were each cured at 250, 300, and 350 °C. The films were characterized primarily by Tg, color, optical transparency, tensile properties, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, and coefficient of thermal expansion. The a-BPDA meta linked polyimide films had tensile strengths and moduli higher than films of the a-BPDA para linked polyimide. The same phenomenon was not observed for the s-BPDA meta and para linked polyimides. The chemistry, mechanical, and physical properties of the polymers and films are discussed. 相似文献
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制备了挠性印制电路中铜箔与聚酰亚胺基材间的聚酰亚胺粘接材料,由醚酐、脂肪族二胺和4,4’-二氨基二苯醚(ODA)或杂环芳香二胺共聚得到的聚酰亚胺薄膜的成膜性很好。通过红外分析,含ODA聚酰亚胺和含杂环聚酰亚胺薄膜已酰亚胺化完全。其力学性能较好。通过DSC分析,含ODA聚酰亚胺的玻璃化转变温度为141℃,结晶熔融温度为212℃;含杂环聚酰亚胺的玻璃化转变温度为136℃,并在225℃出现了一个吸热峰。采用含ODA或杂环聚酰亚胺胶粘剂制备的双面挠性印制电路基板的平均剥离强度为828.66N/m及710.98N/m。 相似文献
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Multiwalled carbon nanotube/rigid‐rod polyimide composite films have been prepared by casting a solution of precursor polymer (polyamide acid) containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) into thin films, followed by a thermal imidization treatment. The composite films were characterized by FTIR, TEM, DSC, TGA and TMA, and the film tensile properties were also examined. The presence of 1.0% MWNTs in the polymer matrix led to more than twofold increase in tensile strength of the rigid‐rod polyimide composite films and improved thermal stability, but reduced in thermal deformation. However, the tensile property did not show further increase when the film contained higher composition of MWNTs. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010 相似文献
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Aixiang Xia Guanghua Lü Xuepeng Qiu Haiquan Guo Jianying Zhao Mengxian Ding Lianxun Gao 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2006,102(6):5871-5876
2‐(4‐Aminophenyl)‐5‐aminopyrimidine (4) is synthesized via a condensation reaction of vinamidium salts and amidine chloride salts, followed by hydrazine palladium catalyzed reduction. A series of novel homo‐ and copolyimides containing pyrimidine unit are prepared from the diamine and 1,4‐phenylenediamine (PDA) with pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) or 3,3′,4,4′‐biphenyl tertracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA) via a conventional two‐step thermal imidization method. The poly(amic acid) precursors had inherent viscosities of 0.97–4.38 dL/g (c = 0.5 g/dL, in DMAc, 30°C) and all of them could be cast and thermally converted into flexible and tough polyimide films. All of the polyimides showed excellent thermal stability and mechanical properties. The glass transition temperatures of the resulting polyimides are in the range of 307–434°C and the 10% weight loss temperature is in the range of 556–609°C under air. The polyimide films possess strength at break in the range of 185–271 MPa, elongations at break in the range of 6.8–51%, and tensile modulus in the range of 3.5–6.46 GPa. The polymer films are insoluble in common organic solvents, exhibiting high chemical resistance. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 5871–5876, 2006 相似文献
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《Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology》2013,27(5):527-536
A 90° peel tester with substrate heating capability was built to evaluate the adhesion strength of polyimide films to a silicon substrate. The effects of polyimide film thickness and peel rate on polyimide adhesion to a silicon substrate under high or low humidity, and at elevated temperatures, have been evaluated. In a high humidity environment, a low peel strength was measured. The influence of moisture on the peel strength increases with decreasing peel rate. Peeling at elevated temperature reduces the moisture effect even under high humidity conditions. Using a low peel rate in a high humidity environment, the measured peel strength showed a maximum as the polyimide film thickness increased. No striations in peeled polyimide films were observed for peeling in a high humidity environment. 相似文献
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An Instron tensile tester has been modified to measure the thermal expansion of polymer films. The method greatly simplifies the experimental procedure necessary for the standard ASTM dilatometric thermal expansion measurement, particularly for thin films. Thermal expansion measurements were made for films of polyester, polycarbonates, vinyls, cellulosies, and polyolefins from room temperature up to 300°F. Second-order transition temperatures were determined by plotting thermal elongation vs temperature; the transition temperature is indicated by a change in slope. Both expansion coeffcients and transition temperatures as determined by this method give excellent agreement with values reported in the literature. 相似文献
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《Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology》2013,27(11):909-925
Polyimides containing pyridine as well as triazole were synthesized. The incorporation of pyridine or triazole improves the adhesion between polyimides and sputter-deposited copper. 4,4′-oxydianiline (ODA) was separately mixed with 2,6-diaminopyridine (DAP) and 3,5-diaminol,2,4-triazole (DATA), to form co-diamines. A series of polyimides was obtained in two steps by reacting co-diamines and 3,3′,4,4′-pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA). The structure of the polyimides was verified by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Their thermal, mechanical and dielectric properties were investigated. The rigidity of both pyridine and triazole moieties influences the coefficient of thermal expansion, the tensile strength and the elastic modulus of the films. The adhesion strength of the sputter-deposited copper to polyimide films was proportional to the functional group content. At a molar ratio of DAP to ODA of 1 : 6, the 90°-peel strength of copper/polyimide laminates reached a maximum of 990 J/m2. At a molar ratio of DATA to ODA of 1 : 6, the 90°-peel strength of copper/polyimide laminates reached a maximum of 696 J/m2. The corresponding polyimide films exhibited a good balance in thermal, mechanical and dielectric properties, as did the PMDA-ODA film. The locus of failure (LOF) examination by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicated that the LOF of laminates with low to moderate adhesion was mostly at the interface near the polyimide; the LOF of laminates with high adhesion was mostly in the polyimide. The N1s core level spectra of the delaminated copper surface revealed a peak at 398.4 eV in copper/polyimide with DAP/ODA ratio of 1 : 6 and a peak at 398 eV in copper/polyimide with DATA/ODA ratio of 1 : 6, perhaps due to the formation of N-Cu charge-transfer complex. This complex substantially promoted the adhesion between sputter-deposited copper and polyimides. 相似文献
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Corneliu Hamciuc Elena Hamciuc Marius Olariu Romeo Ciobanu 《Polymer International》2010,59(5):668-675
Aromatic polyimides are high‐performance polymers used in applications demanding service at enhanced temperature while maintaining their structural integrity and excellent combination of chemical, physical and mechanical properties. The incorporation of various metallic additives into a polyimide matrix improves its properties, leading to materials required by specific applications. Hybrid polyimide films containing barium and titanium oxides having thicknesses in the range of tens of micrometres were prepared. These films were obtained using the sol–gel technique starting from a poly(amic acid) and a soluble precursor of metal oxides. They exhibited good thermal stability having an initial decomposition temperature above 460 °C, and a glass transition temperature in the range 217–238 °C. Two subglass transitions, γ and β, were evident from dynamic mechanical analysis and dielectric spectroscopy. A study of the thermal and electrical behaviour of some hybrid polyimide films containing barium and titanium oxides is presented. On increasing the concentration of metal oxides, an increase of dielectric constant and a decrease of thermal stability of the hybrid films were observed. The presence of metal oxides shifted the glass transition temperature and the temperature of the β transition to higher values. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献