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Blends of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and LLDPE grafted maleic anhydride (LLDPE‐g‐MA) were prepared by melt mixing. The surface of cast films with different contents and types of maleated PE were characterized through contact angle and wetting tension measurements, as well as attenuated total reflection IR spectroscopy. The tensile properties and light transmission of extruded films, as well as the performance of these films compared with commercial “antifog” films, for greenhouses were determined. The carbonyl polar groups on the surface of LLDPE/LLDPE‐g‐MA blends increased, and the equilibrium contact angles of water and dimethylformamide decreased when the content of maleated PE increased. Films made with these blends showed a noticeable reduction in water drop formation as the MA content was increased and when using LLDPE‐g‐MA of lower molecular weight. The light transmission through these films under condensation was improved when using increased contents of MA, which promotes better wetting of the water on the surface. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 79: 1802–1808, 2001 相似文献
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Reactions were carried out between a low molecular weight, highly functionalized maleic anhydride‐grafted polyethylene and hexamethylenediamine in a melt blender at 150 °C for various stoichiometric ratios of functional groups. For all compositions, two peaks were observed in the mixing torque data. The appearance of the first peak, observed soon after the introduction of the reactive mixture to the melt blender, was independent of composition. The second peak was composition‐dependent. Gel content and FTIR analyses suggest that the first peak is a result of melting functionalized polyethylene and a reaction of the anhydride and amine functionalities, while the second was mainly a result of crosslinking. The time between the first and second peak defines a processing window, in which the reaction mixture is thermoplastic. Higher temperature melt processing of the thermoplastic reaction products converted these materials to thermosets. During this conversion, the progress of the anhydride–amine reaction was studied using FTIR, as well as by measuring the generation of the insoluble crosslinked material. The FTIR results reveal that the reaction between anhydride and amine moieties results in the formation of an amide intermediate, which then converts to cyclic imide at higher temperatures. The analysis suggests that the use of the FTIR anhydride absorption to assess the degree of reaction is misleading in these reactions.
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聚烯烃接枝马来酸酐作为增容剂的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
聚合物共混改性是制备新型高分子材料极为有交的方法,其中的关键是要解决各种聚合物之间一般相容性很差的问题,通常的解决办法是加入合适的增容剂,聚烯烃接枝马来酸酐(PO-g-MAH)是研究的很多的增容剂。制备聚烯烃接枝马来酸酐的方法有熔融法、溶液法、辐射法和固相法,其中最重要的方法是熔融法,笔者主要介绍了聚烯烃接枝马来酸酐作为增容剂在改性聚酰胺(PA6、PA66、PA12、PA1010)、聚酯(PET、PBT)、热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)等聚合物共混物,聚烯烃/无机填料,聚烯烃/有机纤维,复合增强材料,粘结剂等方面的应用,聚烯烃接枝马来酸酐与其它聚合物原位反应生成共聚物,一方面降低了表面张力,使得分散相在基体中分散得更好;另一方面增强了两相的粘合力,从而达到了增容的目的。 相似文献
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一步法顺酐加氢生产丁二酸酐的最佳条件为:加氢压力1~1.6 MPa,反应温度50~100℃,反应时间1~2 h,骨架镍催化剂用量是顺酐用量的4%~6%,搅拌速度300 r/m in,在此条件,丁二酸酐的最高收率可达90%以上。 相似文献
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POE马来酸酐接枝物增韧PBT 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
将马来酸酐和POE进行接枝反应 ,反应后的POE马来酸酐共聚物POE MAH和PBT有很好的相容性 ,随着POE MAH加入量的增加 ,PBT的增韧效果有很大的提高。 相似文献
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以顺酐化聚苯乙烯(PS-g-MAH)为增容剂,研究了苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS)对聚氯乙烯(PVC)的共混增韧改性,讨论了该共混物在常温、低温下的力学性能及动态力学性能。结果表明,PS-g-MAH能明显改善SEBS与PVC的相容性,使PVC/SEBS共混物中分散相颗粒尺寸明显减小,分布更均匀,共混物的玻璃化转变温度内移,常温和低温下缺口冲击强度增大。当PVC/PS-g-MAH/SEBS(质量比)为75/6/25时,共混物的常温缺口冲击强度为50.6 kJ/m2,低温(-20℃)缺口冲击强度为29.8 kJ/m2。 相似文献
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采用氮磷膨胀型阻燃剂制备了无卤阻燃聚丙烯(PP)材料,研究了马来酸酐(MAH)接枝三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)(EPDM-g-MAH)对PP无卤阻燃材料性能的影响.结果表明:加入EPDM-g-MAH可提高阻燃剂和PP基体间的界面作用,降低试样在燃烧过程中的熔融滴落现象,且加入EPDM-g-MAH提高了阻燃PP的力学性能.此外,加入EPDM-g-MAH可提高PP无卤阻燃材料在高温(600~800℃)下的炭层热稳定性以及材料的最大热分解速率,但会降低材料的最大热分解温度.因此,少量的EPDM-g-MAH可以提高PP无卤阻燃材料的极限氧指数(LOI),但当w(EPDM-g-MAH)超过10%时,PP无卤阻燃材料的LOI下降,阻燃性能降低. 相似文献
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马来酸酐熔融接枝氯化聚乙烯 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以过氧化二异丙苯、过氧化二苯甲酰、偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,研究了引发剂及马来酸酐用量对熔融接枝氯化聚乙烯的接枝率、硫化工艺性及力学性能的影响,并用红外光谱表征研究了接枝结构及机理。制备了马来酸酐接枝氯化聚乙烯/聚乙烯共混物,通过共混物的性能考察了马来酸酐接枝氯化聚乙烯的自黏性,并采用差示扫描量热法、热重分析法和扫描电镜对共混物进行了热行为和形态的分析。结果表明,过氧化二苯甲酰引发马来酸酐接枝氯化聚乙烯的效果较好,组分最优配伍时(过氧化二苯甲酰1.6份,马来酸酐8份)接枝物的硫化工艺性、力学性能和热性能明显改善,硫化出现了典型的平坦区,拉伸强度达到16.7 MPa。共混物的力学性能和耐热性能均有所提高,接枝后氯化聚乙烯的自黏性有较大程度的改善。 相似文献
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Properties of recycled Poly(ethylene terephthalate) were greatly improved. Recycled PET was blended with LLDPE‐g‐MA by low‐temperature solid‐state extrusion. Mechanical properties of the blends were affected obviously by the added LLDPE‐g‐MA. Elongation at break reaches 352.8% when the blend contains 10 wt % LLDPE‐g‐MA. Crystallization behavior of PET phase was affected by LLDPE‐g‐MA content. Crystallinity of PET decreased with the increase of LLDPE‐g‐MA content. FTIR testified that maleic anhydride group in LLDPE‐g‐MA reacted with the end hydroxyl groups of PET and PET‐co‐LLDPE‐g‐MA copolymers were in situ synthesized. SEM micrographs display that LLDPE‐g‐MA phase and PET phase are incompatible and the compatibility of the blends can be improved by the forming of PET‐co‐LLDPE‐g‐MA copolymer. LLDPE‐g‐MA content was less, the LLDPE‐g‐MA phase dispersed in PET matrix fine. With the increase of LLDPE‐g‐MA content, the morphology of dispersed LLDPE‐g‐MA phase changed from spherule to cigar bar, then to irregular spherule. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 相似文献
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POE/PP体系的反应挤出接枝马来酸酐研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
通过研究辛烯-乙烯共聚物/聚丙烯(POE/PP)比例。第二反应单体的选择,马来酸酐(MAH)单体和过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)用量变化以及反应温度,螺杆转速,真空度对接枝产品性能的影响情况,找出了适合于工业生产的最佳配方和工艺条件,即POE/PP为60:40,MAH为1.5%,DCP为0.04%,提纯苯乙烯为1.5%。螺杆转速为45r/min,真空度为-0.10MPa,螺筒各段温度为160,190(反应段),190(除杂段),150(机头)℃。 相似文献