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车辆正面碰撞的安全性是汽车被动安全性研究的重要方面。利用有限元法对电动汽车碰撞进行了研究,借助LS-DYNA分析了驾驶室最大加速度变化情况和车辆前舱的能量吸收情况,在此基础上,对车身进行了拓扑优化设计,依据优化结果对车身结构进行了改进。通过计算机仿真,分析了汽车的被动安全性,对下一步实车碰撞试验有极大的指导意义。 相似文献
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汽车车架结构的拓扑优化设计 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用有限元分析和结构拓扑优化设计相结合的方法,依据汽车车架的结构受力特性及其材料的性能要求,建立了优化数学模型.在此基础上,基于弯曲板的应力灵敏度分析和性能指标,构建了应力约束下车架拓扑优化准则.最后,开展了车架结构的仿真设计,并得到了合理的结果. 相似文献
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Hyun-Jun Kim Bae-Young Kim Myung-Won Suh 《International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing》2011,12(2):303-312
In most previous studies of topology optimization, commercial programs, such as Optistruct, ANSYS, and MSC Patran, usually
were used during implementation. Such commercial programs are not easy to use and entail time and cost. In addition, it is
difficult to confirm results with reference to individual stages of optimization. For addressing this disadvantage, a topology
optimization program, which is based on the C language, is developed in this study. This is a very convenient and powerful
program for users to conduct topology optimization by using all density methods and homogenization methods in compliance with
the methodology. For verifying the developed program, first of all, topology optimization was implemented by using density
methods to evaluate the strain energy density of a cantilever plate and a simply supported plate, which are simple models.
The feasibility of the program was verified through a comparison of the results with those from Optistruct, which is a commercial
program. Finally, topology optimization was implemented with regard to the rolling-stock leading-cab, which is an application
model. Through the Ls-Dyna program, the collision characteristic was also confirmed. Next, through homogenization methods,
crash analysis was implemented in the rollingstock leading-cab. By the use of the internal energy density as deduced from
the collision interpretation, topology optimization was implemented. The optimal values, by which the internal energy was
maximized per unit weight, of the parameters of homogenization methods were deduced. By the use of Ls-Dyna program for the
optimum model, where internal energy is maximized per unit weight, the crash characteristic was confirmed on the basis of
the optimization result and the feasibility of the result was verified. This methodology deduces the axis compression deformation
by implementing the role of a crash initiator during collision. In addition, the economic advantage of light-weight cars also
can be deduced. 相似文献
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对某轻型载货汽车产生的低频振动现象进行了试验分析及优化设计研究.在对轻型载货汽车振动测试分析的基础上,利用有限元仿真和拓扑优化技术对样车进行了固有频率分析和优化设计.通过对样车的振动测试及有限元分析,找到了轻型载货汽车产生低频振动的主要原因:车辆系统的1阶固有频率与车轮动不平衡引起的激励频率接近,导致了车辆系统的共振.分析及试验结果表明,通过优化车架的结构和匹配驾驶室橡胶垫块的刚度能够提高车辆系统的1阶固有频率,明显改善轻型载货汽车产生的低频异常振动现象,提高了车辆的乘坐舒适性. 相似文献
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利用阻尼材料改善驾驶室声学特性的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为改善某款商用车驾驶室声学特性,建立该驾驶室的声固耦合有限元模型,通过频率响应分析,得到车内的声学响应。对81 Hz处声压峰值进行声学结构模态参与因子分析和板件贡献分析。对贡献最大的板件进行自由阻尼处理。为减少阻尼材料使用量,将阻尼材料体积作为约束条件,阻尼材料单元相对密度作为设计变量,以贡献最大的结构模态所对应的模态阻尼比最大化为优化目标,基于优化准则算法用MSC.Nastran的直接矩阵提取程序(Direct matrix abstraction program,DMAP)语言编制拓扑优化程序,对阻尼材料在驾驶室上的分布进行优化。优化后阻尼材料的体积减小40%,目标模态的模态阻尼比降低5.2%。根据优化结果粘贴阻尼材料,使驾驶员右耳处声压和乘员右耳处声压在81 Hz附近分别降低11.2 dBA和10.7 dBA,其他峰值处声压变化不大。 相似文献
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汽车车架的结构优化设计 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
这里以有限元结构分析和优化算法相结合为手段,以某型载货车车架为例,先对车架进行拓扑优化获得车架最优拓扑形式,根据车架最优拓扑形式确定横梁的数量及分布位置和纵梁的加强方式,得到车架的概念化设计。然后对横梁和纵梁的截面尺寸进行优化,建立了车架的力学模型,优化参数模型,优化数学模型,有限元模型,采用ANSYS参数化设计语言编制了优化设计程序,用ANSYS软件中的零阶优化方法获得最优设计,计算结果表明该优化设计方法的有效和高效,给出了汽车车架的计算机辅助优化设计的有效方法,该方法可广泛应用于车架的优化设计工程。 相似文献
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以某型装载机驾驶室减振系统为研究对象,通过优化解决了驾驶室振动过大和驾驶舒适性差的问题。以实测的车架振动信号为输入激励,根据驾驶室实际结构简化了驾驶室-座椅-人体的非线性减振系统模型,驾驶室和座椅的垂向振动加速度均方根值的模型输出值和实车试验值最大误差不超过6%。以驾驶室和座椅的垂向加速度均方根值为目标,使用遗传算法进行多目标优化,将优化结果代入模型来验证优化前后的驾驶室与座椅的减振性能。实车试验表明,改进后驾驶室垂向加速度的均方根值减小16%,座椅垂向加速度的均方根值减小53%。 相似文献
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目前许多厂商推出的电动货车均是在原有轻卡车型的基础上做简单改进,并没有针对电动货车的动力系统布置形式、整车质量分布、使用工况和轻量化需求等特点进行专用化的车架结构设计.针对上述问题,对某国产电动货车车架进行了性能分析,并利用多目标拓扑优化对该车架进行了轻量化设计.结果表明:优化后的结构降低了车架质量,提升了车架的使用性... 相似文献
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为了对全框式副车架侧边纵梁结构进行耐撞性优化设计,以副车架侧边纵梁结构参数为变量,建立了该结构耐撞性和轻量化优化问题的数学模型。运用方差分析法(ANOVA)选择对副车架侧边纵梁耐撞性和轻量化影响显著的结构因子作为主要设计变量,采用正交试验设计方法进行试验设计;运用LS-dyna软件进行碰撞模拟;根据有限元仿真结果建立了响应面近似模型,并对该近似模型解决该问题的可靠性进行了验证,结果表明,所建立的响应面近似模型适合解决组合优化问题。优化设计后的副车架侧边纵梁能在提高耐撞性能的同时,保持较好的轻量化水平。 相似文献
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The design strategies for powertrain mounting systems play an important role in the reduction of vehicular vibration and noise. As stiffness and damping elements connecting the transmission system and vehicle body, the rubber mount exhibits better vibration isolation performance than the rigid connection. This paper presents a complete design process of the mounting system, including the vibration decoupling, vibration simulation analysis, topology optimization, and experimental verification. Based on the 6?degrees?of?freedom vibration coupling model of the powertrain mounting system, an optimization algorithm is used to extract the best design parameters of each mount, thus rendering the mounting system fully decoupled and the natural frequency well configured, and the optimal parameters are used to design the mounting system. Subsequently, vibration simulation analysis is applied to the mounting system, considering both transmission and road excitations. According to the results of finite element analysis, the topological structure of the metal frame of the front mount is optimized to improve the strength and dynamic characteristics of the mounting system. Finally, the vibration bench test is used to verify the availability of the optimization design with the analysis of acceleration response and vibration transmissibility of the mounting system. The results show that the vibration isolation performance of the mounting system can be improved effectively using the vibration optimal decoupling method, and the structural modification of the metal frame can well promote the dynamic characteristics of the mounting system. 相似文献