Perceptual feature guided rate distortion optimization for high efficiency video coding

With the advances in understanding perceptual properties of the human visual system, perceptual video coding, which aims to incorporate human perceptual mechanisms into video coding for maximizing the perceptual coding efficiency, becomes an essential research topic. Since the newest video coding standard—high efficiency video coding (HEVC) does not fully consider the perceptual characteristic of the input video, a perceptual feature guided rate distortion optimization (RDO) method is presented to improve its perceptual coding performance in this paper. In the proposed method, for each coding tree unit, the spatial perceptual feature (i.e., gradient magnitude ratio) and the temporal perceptual feature (i.e., gradient magnitude similarity deviation ratio) are extracted by considering the spatial and temporal perceptual correlations. These perceptual features are then utilized to guide the RDO process by perceptually adjusting the corresponding Lagrangian multiplier. By incorporating the proposed method into the HEVC, extensive simulation results have demonstrated that the proposed approach can significantly improve the perceptual coding performance and obtain better visual quality of the reconstructed video, compared with the original RDO in HEVC.     

AVS插值算法的一种高效的硬件结构设计与实现

提出了AVS解码系统中帧间运动补偿插值算法的一种面向FPGA/ASIC的硬件结构设计.阐述了插值过程的各功能单元的结构,给出了仿真结果及硬件规模.结果表明本文提出的结构设计支持720×576,4:2:0,30FPS的视频在54MHz最低工作频率下的实时解码,是一种适合于集成的高效并行VLSI结构设计.     

机载高清视频处理模块的设计与实现

现代飞机中各种信息传感器的使用越来越广泛,座舱显示系统需要处理的数据也越来越多。为了使飞行员能够认读更多更清晰地视频信息,研究了机载高清视频处理模块的硬件设计和逻辑软件算法。在座舱显示系统中实现了高清视频的显示,包括高清视频的缩放和叠加。满足系统对高清视频处理的要求。     

A rate-distortion analysis on motion prediction efficiency and mode decision for scalable wavelet video coding

A rate-distortion model for describing the motion prediction efficiency in interframe wavelet video coding is proposed in this paper. Different from the non-scalable video coding, the scalable wavelet video coding needs to operate under multiple bitrate conditions and it has an open-loop structure. The conventional Lagrangian multiplier, which is widely used to solve the rate-distortion optimization problems in video coding, does not fit well into the scalable wavelet structure. In order to find the rate-distortion trade-off due to different bits allocated to motion and textual information, we suggest a motion information gain (MIG) metric to measure the motion prediction efficiency. Based on this metric, a new cost function for mode decision is proposed. Compared with the conventional Lagrangian method, our experiments show that the proposed method is less extraction-bitrate dependent and generally improves both the PSNR performance and the visual quality for the scalability cases.     

Algorithm analysis and architecture design for HDTV applications - a look at the H.264/AVC video compressor system

In this article, we suggest some techniques to design the H.264/AVC video coding system for HDTV applications. The design exploration is made according to software profiling. The design considerations of system scheduling and pipelining are discussed followed by the architecture optimization of the significant modules. The efficient H.264/AVC video coding system is achieved by combining these techniques.     

SSA optimized digital pre-distorter for compensating non-linear distortion in high power amplifier

Telecommunication Systems - We applied the stochastic salp swarm algorithm (SSA) to design high power amplifier (PA) and digital pre-distorter (DPD) using generalized memory polynomial model. This...     

Efficient FPGA architecture of optimized Haar wavelet transform for image and video processing applications

Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing - Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is widely used in digital image and video processing due to its various advantages over other similar transform...     

Prediction of transmission distortion for wireless video communication: Algorithm and application

In this paper, we develop algorithms for estimating transmission distortion in wireless video communication systems. By leveraging the analytical results obtained in our previous works, we design low complexity algorithms that are capable of estimating transmission distortion accurately. We also extend our algorithm for pixel-level transmission distortion estimation to pixel-level end-to-end distortion estimation. Furthermore, we apply our pixel-level end-to-end distortion estimation algorithm to prediction mode decision in H.264 encoder. Experimental results show that (1) our transmission distortion estimation algorithm is more accurate and more robust against inaccurate channel estimation than existing distortion estimation algorithms; (2) our mode decision algorithm achieves remarkable PSNR gain over the existing algorithms for prediction mode decision in H.264 encoder, e.g., an average PSNR gain of 1.44 dB for ‘foreman’ sequence when Packet Error Probability (PEP) equals 5%.     

Fast CU size and prediction mode decision method for HEVC encoder based on spatial features

In the high-efficiency video coding (HEVC) standard, intra prediction has higher computational complexity compared with H.264/AVC (advanced video coding) because of increasing the number of intra prediction modes and also higher number of coding unit (CU) sizes. The HEVC encoder evaluates 35 prediction modes on five possible prediction unit (PU) sizes to find the one with the minimum rate–distortion cost. Although this approach improves coding efficiency, it is very time-consuming. In this paper, we propose a fast intra prediction method to reduce the complexity of I-frame coding. The proposed method consists of three stages which is based on smoothness spatial feature. In the first stage, a measure is introduced to estimate CU smoothness by using sum of absolute differences (SAD) among CU pixels in four directions. By considering that a smooth region can be predicted with larger CUs, when the measured smoothness parameter is lower than a predefined threshold, only the prediction modes in the current CU are evaluated. In the second stage, the number of intra prediction modes is reduced based on the calculated SADs in the previous stage. In the last stage, if the first three candidate modes resulted from rough mode decision stage in the previous PU and the current PU are similar, then the best mode prediction of the previous PU is selected as the best candidate mode. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method can reduce the coding time on average to 43 % and maintain coding video quality, whereas bitrate increases negligibly (0.5 %).     

高速高清晰数字摄像机接口原理及应用

在基本的实时数字图像处理方案中,通常是基于数学摄像机,适配卡,PC机平台和操作处理程序组成的固定方式,为实现外加图像处理设备与数字摄像机的连接,解决高速大容量衅像数据直接传输问题,介绍了一种实用方案。     

非压缩高清视频传输系统的部署实现与性能分析

实现了一个非压缩高清视频传输系统,介绍了将此系统部署在中韩国际链路上传输非压缩高清视频的实验情况,测量与分析了系统运行的多种参数,给出了系统性能的评价,并且指出了此系统的应用前景和科研平台价值.     

A rate and distortion analysis of chain codes for line drawings

The performance of chain codes for line drawings in the framework of source coding with a fidelity criterion is investigated. A formal characterization is given for a broad class of chain codes that includes the generalized chain codes of Freeman and the convex quantizers of Koplowitz. Measures of distortion (fidelity) and rate (efficiency) are introduced. The distortion and rate are calculated for several types of chain codes applied to straight and slowly curving lines. Several statistical models for straight lines are introduced and the average performance of chain codes for these models is investigated.     

Exploiting temporal information and adaptive thresholding for fast mode decision in the H264 video coding standard

A new algorithm for fast mode decision in the H264 video coding standard is presented in this paper. The algorithm exploits temporal information and adaptive thresholding and can provide significant computational savings with similar or even better Rate Distortion performance as compared to accepted standard contributions and other techniques found in the literature.     

An improved fast mode decision algorithm for intraprediction in H.264/AVC video coding

In this article, an improved version of one of the most cited intra mode decision algorithms in H.264/AVC video coding is proposed with the aim to improve its efficiency and performance. The reference algorithm determines the interpolation/extrapolation spatial direction (mode) for achieving the best intra prediction using the Sobel gradient calculation. The proposed algorithm suggests reducing the number of gradients calculated and changing the Sobel operator to that of Roberts. In addition to this, it also proposes including the previously encoded neighboring block modes among the evaluated modes. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm reduces the computational load of the original algorithm and substantially improves its rate-distortion performance.     

可见光通信中高功率效率和低非线性失真算法

实现高功率效率和低非线性失真是无线可见光通信系统中的关键技术之一。近年来正交频分复用(OFDM)调制技术作为一种新型的高速率传输技术被学者广泛而深入的研究。然而,OFDM系统有其固有的缺点,即高PAPR(峰均比),非线性失真和由射频损伤引起的ICI(信道干扰)。在无线可见光通信系统中可见光信号的输出功率是由LED的驱动电流产生的,驱动电流的非线性会导致传输信号存在非线性失真。文中提出一种新的降低PAPR和非线性失真的方法,还提出一种通过自适应信道估计提高SNR(信噪比)进而提高接收端性能的方法。     

Failure mode analysis of oxide VCSELs in high humidity and high temperature

High-speed fiber-optic transceiver modules using parallel optics require that oxide-confined vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) be moisture resistant in a non-hermetic package. We have found that the conventional storage 85/85 (85/spl deg/C/85% relative humidity) test does not adequately characterize oxide VCSELs moisture resistance. We have identified three failure modes in the oxide VCSELs under operating conditions in high humidity. In this paper, we discuss the failure mechanisms including dislocation growth, semiconductor cracks, and aperture surface degradation, all associated with operation under high relative humidity. Understanding of these failure modes has led to more appropriate qualification standards and environmentally robust oxide VCSELs.     

An architecture for the vlsi design of systems for time-frequency analysis and time-varying filtering

A flexible system for time-frequency signal analysis is presented. It is based on the S-method, which has a significant advantage in implementation since it can involve, as a key intermediate step, the Short-time Fourier transform or the Hartley transform, each widely studied and commonly used in practice. Signal invariant and signal dependent system forms are presented. Hardware design, for a fixed-point arithmetic, is well-structured and suitable for vlsi implementation. The same hardware, without additional time requirements, may be shared for the simultaneous realization of the fourth order L-Wigner distribution, as well as for the realization of the cross-terms free fourth order polynomial Wigner-Ville distribution. This possibility makes the designed hardware suitable for wide range of the applications. The proposed hardware is applied to the realization of time-varying filtering, as well. Finally, it has been implemented with fpga chips (Field Programmable Gate Array) in order to verify the results on real devices.     

Gamma rate theory for causal rate control in source coding and video coding

The rate distortion function in information theory provides performance bounds for lossy source coding. However, it is not clear how to causally encode a Gaussian sequence under rate constraints while achieving R–D optimality. This problem has significant implications in the design of rate control for video communication. To address this problem, we take distortion fluctuation into account and develop a new theory, called gamma rate theory, to quantify the trade-off between rate and distortion fluctuation. The gamma rate theory implies that, to evaluate the performance of causal rate controls in source coding, the traditional R–D metric needs to be replaced by a new GRD metric. The gamma rate theory identifies the trade-off between quality fluctuation and bandwidth, which is not known previously. To validate the gamma rate theory, we design a rate control algorithm for video coding; our experimental results demonstrate the utility of the gamma rate theory in video coding.     

Bus encoder design for reduced crosstalk,power and area in coupled VLSI interconnects

This research work presents a novel circuit for simultaneous reduction of power, crosstalk and area using bus encoding technique in RC modeled VLSI interconnect. Bus-invert method is used to reduce inter-wire coupling, which is actually responsible for crosstalk, delay and power dissipation in coupled interconnects. The proposed method focuses on simplified and improved encoder circuit for 4, 8 and 16 coupled lines. In past, the researchers developed encoders that usually focused on minimizing power dissipation and/or crosstalk, thereby paying heavy penalty in terms of chip area. However, the proposed encoder and decoder while significantly reducing crosstalk demonstrates an overall reduction of power dissipation by 68.76% through drastically limiting switching activity. Furthermore, while reducing the complexity, chip area and transistor count of the circuit is reduced by more than 57%.     

AVS游程解码、反扫描、反量化和反变换优化设计

提出了一种适用于AVS的游程解码、反扫描、反量化和反变换硬件结构优化设计方案。根据AVS整数变换和量化的特性，设计了可工作在不同模式的存储器阵列，既可用来进行反变换器所需的转置操作，又可用来存储中间结果，将游程解码、反扫描和反量化合并为一个流水线单元并行处理。该设计省去了存储中间结果所需的大量存储器，加快了处理速度，满足高清视频的处理要求。该设计通过了FPGA验证，综合结果表明，其逻辑门数仅为9076，最高工作频率大于200MHz。