液压挖掘机反铲工作装置的优化设计

应用变换矩阵来建立数学模型，编制了挖掘机工作装置设计的软件系统。经实际运用证明，可有效地对挖掘机工作装置进行快速而有效的计算，为改善挖掘机工作性能提供了一条有效途径。     

Evaluation of user interaction with daylighting simulation in a tangible user interface

We present a study of a tangible user interface for design and simulation applied to architectural daylighting analysis. This tool provides an intuitive way for architects and future occupants of a building to quickly construct physical models and interactively view in them a projected simulation of resulting daylighting.A user study was conducted of both architecture students and non-architects in a set of analysis and design exercises. The study investigates the effectiveness of this interface as an educational tool, the precision and accuracy of the constructed physical models, and its effectiveness for creative design exploration. The four part study investigates users' intuitions about daylighting and their interaction with the tangible user interface for analysis of an existing space. These exercises revealed and corrected misconceptions in many of the participants' intuitions about daylighting, and overall the participants praised the ease-of-use of the tool and expressed interest in this simulation tool for daylighting analysis in architectural design.     

考虑支撑剂颗粒破碎的页岩分支裂缝导流能力

页岩储层体积压裂复杂裂缝通常被分为主裂缝、分支缝和自支撑裂缝3种形态。页岩气井投产初期,储层压力快速下降,裂缝闭合压力增大,裂缝的长期导流能力直接影响页岩气井的总产量。采用自主研制的多场耦合岩石力学试验测试系统,提出页岩分支裂缝导流能力测试新方法,开展页岩分支裂缝的导流能力试验。结合页岩储层特征,建立考虑支撑剂破碎作用的页岩分支裂缝导流能力的渗流-应力耦合模型,对影响页岩分支裂缝的铺砂方式、裂缝表面形态、支撑剂组合形式等因素进行研究。结果表明:在分支裂缝中,一定铺砂浓度条件下,部分单层铺砂导流效果要好于全部单层铺砂;当闭合压力低时,不同组合形式支撑剂的粒径越大,导流能力越强。     

EnergyPlus建筑能耗分析软件汉化用户应用界面的开发

鉴于EnergyPlus用户界面不完善,应用不便的问题,采用混合语言编程的思想,运用VB6.0开发出功能齐全、简单汉化用户应用界面,以EnergyPlus为内部计算引擎的能量^＋（汉化EnergyPlus）能耗分析软件。     

Development of a dual displacement controlled circuit for hydraulic shovel swing motion

Complexity of large structure of hydraulic shovel system drives the guideline development for designing a swing unit of the shovel. Some of the issues are how to achieve smooth swing motion, save energy, and easily adjust its swing velocity. In this paper, we proposed a dual-closed-hydraulic-circuit (DCHC) accordingly to meet the design requirement. In the DCHC system, instead of manual adjustment, the displacement of hydraulic axial piston pump is controlled by programmed software algorithm through electronic control device, which significantly simplifies the current circuit design. The DCHC system also enables controllable recuperation of kinetic energy of swing motion for use by other actuators. Accordingly, the new system will achieve smoother motion compared with existing system and more efficient operation. We demonstrate the advantages of our DCHC design through simulation and verify through developing a hydraulic shovel prototype with bucket capacity of 15 cubic meters and operational weight of 270 tons. Both simulation and experimental results indicate that the DCHC system is feasible and works as intended.     

Development and application of an interface constitutive model for fully grouted rock-bolts and cable-bolts

This paper proposes a new interface constitutive model for fully grouted rock-bolts and cable-bolts based on pull-out test results.A database was created combining published experimental data with in-house tests.By means of a comprehensive framework,a Coulomb-type failure criterion accounting for friction mobilization was defined.During the elastic phase,in which the interface joint is not yet created,the proposed model provides zero radial displacement,and once the interface joint is created,interface dilatancy is modeled using a non-associated plastic potential inspired from the behavior of rock joints.The results predicted by the proposed model are in good agreement with experimental results.The model has been implemented in a finite element method(FEM) code and numerical simulations have been performed at the elementary and the structural scales.The results obtained provide confidence in the ability of the new model to assist in the design and optimization of bolting patterns.     

新型液压锤油路系统的设计

在分析双作用液压锤和单作用液压锤油路系统基础上，总结双作用液压锤和单作用液压锤特点，设计出既能实现双作用方式下落又能进行单作用方式下落新型液压锤油路系统。     

浅谈水利工程设计项目界面管理的对策思路

界面问题是制约水利工程设计项目管理效率的关键因素之一。通过对水利工程设计项目管理中所面临的企业部门之间、专业之间、专业内部界面关系及特点的分析，提出了建立项目界面标准化，推行以项目为中心的项目管理的对策思路。     

Integrated control and user interfaces for a space

Many of a building’s systems, including heating, cooling, lighting and ventilation, work separately with each other as ‘isolated islands’. While separate systems do not typically work optimally in terms of total performance, integrated control has the potential to improve energy efficiency, occupant comfort and satisfaction and cost efficiency. Preceding studies also have stressed the needs for individual control and usability in order to achieve occupant satisfaction. First, this paper provides a solution concept for integrated control for a space and describes various inputs and outputs of integrated control. As an example, an optimisation strategy for discontinuous use of buildings is presented. The optimisation strategy was first simulated and then implemented in a real building. Second, modular user interfaces for adjusting environmental conditions are provided in the paper. The user interfaces modules are based on user research and usability testing to avoid the usability problems that have been identified in many studies regarding user control of indoor environments. The modules can be utilised in different user interface configurations for different types of spaces in a building.     

六盘水冰雪体育旅游的网络营销模式与发展路径研究

运用文献政策法、专家谈法和走访调查法等研究方法,对六盘水冰雪体育旅游的发展路径进行探究,借助互联网技术与现有的传统营销模式相融合,构建六盘水冰雪体育旅游网络推广平台和网络营销模式,提升"六盘水南国冰雪城"的冰雪体育旅游品牌形象,更好地吸引省内外的游客,实现六盘水冰雪体育旅游经济效益增长和可持续健康发展。     

混凝土界面处理剂的研制

将聚合单体按m(苯乙烯)∶m(丙烯酸丁酯)∶m(乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷或甲基三甲氧基硅烷)∶m(丙烯酰胺)=90∶54∶8∶1,以过硫酸钾为引发剂,聚乙烯醇和壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚(OP-10)为乳化剂,添加适量消泡剂,在80～85℃进行乳液聚合,加入防霉剂调和制得乳白色乳液。加水稀释后,与水泥及细砂按比例混合配成胶浆,粉涂于混凝土表面。可用于混凝土及其制品的表面处理及修补,也可用于各种装饰材料、保温材料粘贴面的预处理。     

Development of hybrid powered hydraulic construction machinery

Facing the environment problems, the improvement on the efficiency of the construction machinery such as the excavator and wheel loader is highly demanded. The hybrid power systems used in automobiles have been adapted into the construction machinery. This paper first analyzes the difference between the hybrid powered automobile vehicle and the hybrid powered construction machinery. The research and development of the hybrid power systems and energy regeneration systems of construction machinery are reviewed, and the applications of hybrid systems in construction machinery are presented. Finally, the challenges facing the researchers and the construction machinery manufacturers are discussed.     

全液压推土机液压驱动马达效率分析

在对全液压推土机液压驱动系统变量马达的机械效率、容积效率、总效率进行分析的基础上,对某型号轴向柱塞变量液压马达效率试验数据进行了拟合,分别做出了相应的效率曲线,进而分析了变量液压马达效率变化规律及其在高效区工作需要满足的条件,为全液压推土机变量马达的匹配与控制提供了依据。     

A practical interface for coordinated position control of an excavator arm

This paper presents a new hand controller interface that addresses practical challenges to implementing coordinated position control (CPC) for an excavator arm. The new interface uses a hybrid control scheme with closed-loop CPC of the excavator arm and open-loop flow control of the swing. CPC is achieved using a joystick that is kinematically similar to the excavator arm. The kinematically similar joystick motion is planar. Thus, it can be mounted vertically, matching the excavator arm, or horizontally, which has many advantages, such as reduced operator fatigue. The new interface is compared to a conventional interface in a human subject experiment using a dynamic excavator simulator. The results demonstrate similar improvements in spoil removed and fuel efficiency as previous CPC approaches while being more practically designed. Although the design is for an excavator, the concepts presented can apply to a range of hydraulic manipulators.     

多功能液压手腕的开发及应用

多功能液压手腕是集机、电、液及控制技术于一体的2自由度设备,是机器人技术在工程机械领域的创新应用。介绍了其系统结构、技术原理以及功能的实现,并说明国内外研制和应用情况,为该产品在国内的普及和工程机械上的应用提供参考。     

液压码坯机的液压系统设计

液压码坯机是制砖企业用于砖坯一次码烧的全自动设备。为此介绍了某型号液压控制的全自动码坯机液压驱动系统的设计方案,该方案利用液压作为驱动力,通过接近开关控制各油缸的行程,使得该结构动作灵敏,可实现自动码坯,远程控制。实践证明系统设计合理,工作稳定可靠。     

感受徐工--一封用户来信

2005年3月31日，我接到徐工集团的电话，要对我本人及单位现有的徐工装载机进行回访。令我始料未及，甚至有点受宠若惊的是，来访者竟是徐工集团营销公司技术支持部杨文东部长及其助手，而且是受徐工科技股份有限公司杨总经理的委托，专门从千里之外的徐州总部赶过来的。     

工程液压缸CAD系统设计

本通过对工程液压缸的设计过程分析，介绍了集设计、绘图为一体的工程液压缸ＣＡＤ系统组成及其特点。     

全自动液压箱梁模板研发应用

以传统高速铁路箱梁模板为基础,经过讨论与改进研发出了全自动液压箱梁模板,通过在中铁十四鲁南高铁费县制梁场、中铁十四局京唐铁路房桥制梁场的实践证实了该系统操作安全、方便、快捷、自动化程度高。     

Formulation of strain-dependent hydraulic conductivity for a fractured rock mass

By characterizing rock masses as anisotropic continua with one or multiple sets of critically oriented fractures, a methodology is developed in this paper to address the change in hydraulic conductivity resulted from engineering disturbance, material nonlinearity and anisotropy. An equivalent elastic–perfectly plastic constitutive model with non-associated flow rule and mobilized dilatancy is developed to describe the global nonlinear response of the rockmass under complex loading conditions. By separating the deformation of fractures from that of the equivalent medium, a strain-dependent hydraulic conductivity tensor is formulated. This not only considers the normal compressive deformation of the fractures, but also and more importantly, integrates the effect of material nonlinearity and post-peak shear dilatancy. Using this methodology, a closed-form solution is derived to describe the hydraulic behavior of a single fracture during combined normal and shear loading processes. The closed-form solution is validated by an existing coupled shear-flow test under wide ranges of normal and shear loads. Numerical simulations are performed to investigate the changes in hydraulic conductivities of a cubic block of fractured rock mass under triaxial compression and shear loading, as well as a circular underground excavation in a biaxial stress field at the Stripa mine, Sweden. The simulation results agree well with the in-situ experimental observations and an existing elastic strain-dependent analytical solution, respectively. The evaluation results clearly demonstrate that the proposed model is capable of predicting the changes in hydraulic properties of fractured rock masses under loading or excavation.