在机车横向振动信号模数转化中的应用

基于TMS320LF2407 DSP模数转换模块(ADC)直接应用于机车横向振动信号A/D转化、实现串行高速采样的目的,采用对ADC模数转化进行软件编程的方法,通过合理安排转换通道、设计系统要求的采样频率和A/D转化,通过分析计算和误差分析,DSP ADC能够最大限度缩小串行采样与并行采样之间误差,能够满足DSP控制系统的需要,在设计硬件电路中,完全可以利用DSP集成的DAC模块。     

基于DSP56311的处理控制系统

设计了一种机车自动控制系统中的处理控制单元,它基于DSP+FPGA结构的处理控制系统.采用DSP56311作为系统主要的传输、处理、存储控制器,EP1C12F256(FPGA)作为主要接口处理单元,系统通过FPGA、SAF82525、双口RAM、AD7247和其他接口芯片扩展了丰富的接口,包括2路串行通信口、DPRAM数据接口、4路模拟输出、10路PWM输出、3路定时器输出和40位并行I/O口,实现了与中央控制单元的通信、信号的实时处理和控制信号的输出.     

并联有源电力滤波器控制系统的设计与优化

针对三相三线系统和电网电压畸变及不对称的问题,研究了一种新型的三相锁相环的谐波检测方法。为了更好的减小跟踪误差,设计开发了一种模糊PI自适应控制器,通过在线整定也可以起到减小稳态误差的效果。研究内容基于并联有源电力滤波器(SAPF)的工作原理展开,该设计采用了基于DSP与FPGA的硬件设计以及双DSP的软件控制系统,通过搭建380V/150A的三相全桥结构SAPF实验装置,对控制策略的正确性和设计的有效性进行了验证。     

基于模糊PID控制器的网络控制系统仿真研究

为了研究网络控制系统的特性,利用TrueTime工具箱来搭建网络控制系统的仿真模型。分别采用一般PID控制器的网络控制系统模型和采用模糊PID控制器的网络控制系统模型进行仿真。仿真结果表明：当网络控制系统存在时延时,采用模糊PID控制器的系统输出曲线超调量小,调节时间短,提高了系统的稳定性。     

基于双处理器的超声波焊接电源设计

文中设计一种基于DSP和ARM9双处理器控制的超声波焊接电源并介绍了双处理超声波焊接电源的硬件组成和软件设计流程。采用DSP控制器对超声波焊接电源外设工作状态以及焊接工艺过程控制。采用ARM9控制器设计了基于Linux系统的人机界面控制系统。采用双口RAM技术实现双处理器的数据共享,确保超声波焊接电源工艺参数、状态信息等数据的快速、实时、可靠传输,以适应用户对超声波焊接电源远程监控和故障诊断等大量数据处理的需要。搭建超声波金属焊接试验平台进行焊接测试,实验结果表明,研制的超声波电源具有良好的人机交互性并能得到较好的焊接效果。     

基于DSP的油气储罐罐板热处理炉控制系统的设计

基于TMS320X240X系列DSP芯片的油气储罐壁板热处理炉控制系统的设计,包括控制系统控制方案的确定、控制对象的建模、智能控制方法的实现、DSP的应用技术及试验结果等。热处理炉空气、燃料的控制均采用遗传算法优化的PI控制,炉体温度控制采用自适应的遗传模糊控制器。仿真试验结果表明,该炉体控制系统能满足工艺对温度的要求。     

多层压电执行器输出位移的模糊神经元PID控制

为了提升压电执行器输出位移的性能,该文采用模糊神经元比例、积分、微分(PID)控制器对其输出位移进行控制。首先,分析了压电悬臂梁执行器机电特性,搭建其动力学模型;其次,将模糊算法、神经元、PID三者相结合,设计出一种能快速、精确、抗干扰能力强的控制器;最后,对压电悬臂梁执行器控制系统进行了仿真,并通过实验验证了该控制器的性能。结果表明,压电执行器对5 μm阶跃目标位移的响应时间为0.3 s,且无超调,稳态误差中线由无控制时的0.57~0.66 μm减小为几乎为0;在跟踪由正弦信号、常值信号、斜坡信号所组成的目标位移时,跟踪误差几乎为0。该文所设计控制器可消除压电执行器的定位误差,并使其具有抗干扰能力强,响应迅速,无超调量等优点。     

船舶用自动控制智能辅助系统设计

针对传统技术采用PLC等通用控制器已无法满足现代化自动控制智能系统要求的问题,文中利用高速、实时性好且内置CAN 控制器接口的DSP,采用变论域PID控制算法,设计基于DSP/F28335的船舶用自动化控制智能辅助系统控制器。文中搭建系统结构并介绍变论域PID算法,并在系统的实时混合仿真平台上进行了相关的干扰实验,用以对比基于传统PID控制器系统的控制效果。实验结果表明,使用变论域模糊PID控制算法的DSP控制器,可较大幅度提高船舶用自动智能控制辅助系统的实时性、抗干扰性和自适应性。     

基于DSP模型的快速代码的生成

TMS320F2812DSP是控制系统开发中很好的硬件设计平台,但传统的TI DSP代码开发方法周期较长,效率不高。为了在实际控制系统开发中缩短控制算法的设计周期,提高控制器的可靠性,并简化在调试过程中对控制算法的修改,设计与开发了基于DSP的快速原型控制系统。该系统包括基于TI F2812DSP的硬件控制器和基于Matlab/Simulink的软件开发环境。用户可以在Simulink环境中利用RTW功能直接从Simulink模型自动生成可执行代码并下载到目标板,直接运行程序,从而简化DSP系统开发过程,提高开发效率。通过闪烁灯实验实时控制实验,验证了系统的有效性。     

用于光纤电流传感器SLD光源的温度控制系统

为减小高压电网中光纤电流传感器超辐射发光二极管（super luminescent diode,SLD）光源温度特性对测量准确度的影响,提出了一种模拟温度控制系统对光源温度进行恒温控制。根据设计要求,介绍了各重要环节的设计过程。分析了通过搭建合适的温度采集电桥,可以得到与温度近似成线性关系的输出差分信号。在频域上建立了系统的数学模型,计算了系统的传递函数,得到了比例-积分-微分（proportional-integral-derivative,PID）控制器各参数对时域上输出的影响。在实验室中搭建了用于光纤电流传感器SLD 光源的温控系统,对温控系统进行了定温与温度循环实验,实验结果表明:该控制系统可以实现对温度的实时控制,使光纤电流传感器测量准确度满足0.2 级工业要求。     

机车轴承故障诊断中振动信号采集的研究

介绍了机车轴承故障诊断中振动信号采集的硬件实现.先通过压电式加速度传感器对振动信号进行拾取,然后经过电荷放大器、抗混滤波器等系列电路对拾取的微弱信号进行处理,最后进入A/D转换电路得到微机可以识别的数字信号,从而实现振动信号的采集.     

压电智能应用于柔性悬臂梁振动控制系统研究

基于模糊控制的振动控制方法,针对柔性悬臂梁,设计了相应振动控制器。采用电桥电路法分离出压电自感知执行器的感知信号,通过传感器将采集进来的信号,由最优控制理论离线计算得到理论输出值。并将理论输出值与对应的系统输入值对应起来,从而建立拥有最优解的模糊控制规则表。通过传感器采集系统状态并经过处理得到输出信号,作用于执行器上对柔性梁的振动进行抑制。仿真结果表明,采用的控制器对于改善振动快速控制是非常有效的。     

铁路无人看守道口信号设备控制系统的设计

文中基于PLC，设计了可编程控的无人看守、防护的铁路和公路交叉道口的信号装置自动控制系统。该系统主要以压力传感器模块、超声波测距模块来收集并发送机车即将到达的信号，再借助计轴传感器来检查机车在道口的出清状态，由可编程控制器分析信息并发出指令，控制道口栏杆的起落、信号灯的亮灭、警铃的响停。栏杆的起落由三相异步电动机提供动力。系统还设置了电磁摩擦制动器和限位开关，保证栏杆能在水平和竖直位置停止，并能制动在路径上的任何位置。     

压电自感知柔性悬臂梁振动控制系统研究

将压电悬臂梁系统离散化的状态空间方程作为预测模型,设计了预测函数控制器.采用电桥电路法分离出压电自感知执行器的感知信号,经过预测函数控制器处理后输出的控制信号作用于自感知执行器,产生相应的执行力来抑制悬臂梁的振动,从而达到振动控制的目的.仿真结果表明,所设计的振动控制系统对柔性悬臂梁振动抑制是非常有效的.     

Random vibration test control of inverter-fed electrodynamic shaker

The random vibration control of an inverter-fed electrodynamic shaker is presented in this paper. First, the dynamic model of the shaker is found and a current-controlled pulsewidth modulation inverter is designed and implemented. The feedback controller is augmented with a command feedforward controller and a disturbance feedforward controller to let the armature exciting current have low harmonic content and possess excellent waveform tracking performance. Then, an acceleration controller and its random vibration command are arranged. In the proposed acceleration control scheme, a command feedforward controller and a robust disturbance feedforward controller are also employed to let the shaker have close random acceleration command waveform tracking control performance, and the performance be insensitive to the system parameter variations. It follows that the acceleration control with desired frequency response in a vibration test could be achieved through properly setting the command signal. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is verified by simulation and measured results     

Vibration Suppression Using Single Neuron-Based PI Fuzzy Controller and Fractional-Order Disturbance Observer

An approach is proposed for vibration suppression in a two-inertia system using an integration of a fractional-order disturbance observer and a single neuron-based PI fuzzy controller. The former is used to obtain disturbance estimate and generate compensation signal, and the latter is utilized to realize outer loop control. Fractional-order disturbance observer has a wider range to select a suitable tradeoff between robustness and vibration suppression, because introduction of fractional calculus makes universe of relative degree of Q-filter is expanded from integer domain to real-number domain. For the single neuron-based PI fuzzy controller, a single neuron makes up a PI controller and such a controller is embedded in each cell of the fuzzy control table. Thus, the fuzzy control table is changed into a controller matrix and it constructs a nonlinear adaptive controller with parameter self-tuning property. Experimental results illustrate that the integration of fractional-order disturbance observer and single neuron-based PI fuzzy controller can improve the performance of disturbance attenuation and system robustness     

A time-domain vibration observer and controller for physical human-robot interaction

This paper presents a time-domain vibration observer and controller for physical Human-Robot Interaction (pHRI). The proposed observer/controller aims at reducing or eliminating vibrations that may occur in stiff interactions. The vibration observer algorithm first detects minima and maxima of a given signal with robustness in regards to noise. Based on these extrema, a vibration index is computed and then used by an adaptive controller to adjust the control gains in order to reduce vibrations. The controller is activated only when the amplitude of the vibrations exceeds a given threshold and thus it does not influence the performance in normal operation. Also, the observer does not require a model and can analyze a wide time frame with only a few computations. Finally, the algorithm is implemented on two different prototypes that use an admittance controller.     

基于小波去噪的激光多普勒振动信号处理

为了降低激光多普勒振动信号中噪声产生的影响,采用基于改进小波去噪算法的激光多普勒振动信号处理方法,将尺度引入阈值函数,确立新的评价指标用于选择最优分解层数,从而来改进小波阈值去噪算法,并利用改进的算法处理振动信号, 进行了仿真分析和实验验证,取得了处理前后的振动数据。结果表明, 改进算法处理仿真信号的信噪比比原有算法提升19.4%;实验测得音叉振动频率为515Hz,与实际音叉频率基本吻合。这一结果对降低激光多普勒振动信号中噪声的影响、获取振动状态是有帮助的。     

Experimental implementation of spatial H/sub /spl infin// control on a piezoelectric-laminate beam

This paper is aimed to develop a feedback controller that suppresses vibration of flexible structures. The controller is designed to minimize the spatial H/sub /spl infin// norm of the closed-loop system. This technique guarantees average reduction of vibration throughout the entire structure. A feedthrough term is incorporated into the truncated flexible-structure model to compensate for the neglected dynamics in the finite-dimensional model. Adding the feedthrough term reduces the uncertainty associated with the truncated model, which is instrumental in ensuring the robustness of the closed-loop system. The controller is applied to a simply-supported piezoelectric-laminate beam and is validated experimentally to show the effectiveness of the proposed controller in suppressing structural vibration. It is shown that the spatial H/sub /spl infin//. control has an advantage over the pointwise H/sub /spl infin// control in minimizing the vibration of the entire structure. This spatial H/sub /spl infin// control methodology can also be applied to more general structural vibration suppression problems.     

Suppression control method for torque vibration of three-phase HB-type stepping motor utilizing feedforward control

This paper proposes a method to reduce the vibration of the three-phase HB-type stepping motor with cogging torque by the feedforward compensation control. The compensation signal to suppress the vibration of the motor frame is obtained by the repetitive controller installing an online Fourier transformer and utilizing an acceleration sensor attached to the motor frame or an acoustic sensor such as a microphone placed close to the frame. The sensor is used only for the acquisition of the feedforward compensation data. The feedforward compensation signal at an arbitrary operating point is derived from the amplitude and phase data of the frequency components and the operating point data. Compensation data obtained by the repetitive controller is applied to the operating point changed by reference frequency and load condition in steady state. The compensation signal for the new operating point will be generated from compensation data utilizing polynomial equation approximation and linear interpolation method. The effectiveness of this proposed method is confirmed by the experimental results.