铝合金硬质阳极氧化工艺改进

本文叙述了铝合金普通硬质阳极氧化工艺改为快速硬质阳极氧化的工艺条件，说明了通过改变设备及工艺参数可实现快速硬质阳极氧化生产，从而提高了生产效率，并可获得高质量的硬质氧化膜。     

铝活塞快速硬质阳极氧化

介绍快速硬质阳极氧化的工艺过程、操作方法、主要工艺参数、设备等，以及检测氧化膜层的质量标准和检测仪器。实验证明，该技术具有许多优点，适用于铝活塞项面阳极氧化。     

AlxGa1—xAs／GaAs太阳电池减反射膜的研究

以太阳电池的短路电流积分表达式为依据，应用减反射膜的光学原理，对具有阳极氧化、ＳｉＯ和ＳｉＯ２三种减反射膜的ＡｌｘＧａ１－２Ａｓ／ＧａＡｓ太阳电池分别进行了反射光谱、短路电流、开路电压的实验测试。研究表明，阳极氧化膜、ＳｉＯ膜具有良好的减反射性能，而ＳｉＯ２膜的减反射性能较差。     

柴油机铝活塞的硬质阳极氧化

叙述了柴油机铝活塞硬质阳极氧化的优越性及其工艺对氧化膜的影响,并进行了台架试验。试验结果表明使用经阳极氧化的铝活塞可使柴油机油耗得以下降。     

活塞阳极氧化膜厚度控制

铸造铝合金具有优良的机械性能,经硬质阳极氧化后有着较高的表面硬度(HV3500Pa以上),因而广泛用于内燃机配件的活塞上。活塞硬质阳极氧化处理,主要是处理头部,以保护活塞头部及头部环槽,防止因高温所产生的熔融、开裂积炭和磨损。其寿命是未经硬质阳极氧化活搴的四倍左右。活塞是一种尺寸精度要求很高的零件,一般产品图要求硬质阳极氧化膜厚度控制在0.05～0.08mm范围内,而活塞经硬质阳极氧化后所增加的尺寸是氧化膜厚度的一半     

铝合金型材阳极氧化工艺的节电降耗

1阳极氧化的作用与机理铝及铝合金有许多优良性能，是工程、日常生活、家用电器等应用非常广泛的轻金属。铝材搁置在常温空气中，它的表面被氧化并覆盖一层氧化铝膜，但是这层膜的厚度仅见纳米（10(-6)mm），其耐磨性、耐蚀性能都十分差。为了提高铝合金型材的耐磨、耐蚀性，通常都必须对铝型材进行表面处理，阳极氧化是铝型材广为应用的、有效的表面处理方法。铝合金型材的阳极氧化工艺，通常是将铝型材先经脱脂、碱洗、中和、水洗等预处理，然后将其作为阳极在处理槽中用电解法进行表面处理，从而在铝型材表面生成一层有足够厚度（10μm以…     

纯钛TA2表面阳极氧化法制备太阳能吸收涂层

以TA2为基体,利用阳极氧化法在硫酸溶液中制备太阳能吸收涂层,研究反应电压和反应时间对膜层组成结构及性能的影响。结果表明,阳极氧化膜层晶相组成主要为锐钛矿型TiO_2,当氧化电压为140 V,氧化时间为10 min时,膜层性能最佳,此时膜层吸收率α为0.759,发射率ε为0.19。膜层的微孔数量及孔径随电压的增长而逐渐增加,而随时间的延长而逐渐减小。膜层的太阳吸收率和发射率均随氧化电压的增长而增加,而在随时间延长上没有明显变化。     

GaSb太阳电池阳极氧化膜的研究

讨论了ＧａＳｂ太阳电池阳极氧人原减反射特性，利用ＡＥＳ和ＸＲＤ分析了氧化膜的组成和结构，实验制备的ＧａＳｂ太阳电池效率为５％。     

功能表面降膜蒸发传热特性的实验研究

研究了处理表面镀铬铝管、PTFE铜管和纯铝氧化管水平管降膜蒸发传热，研究了喷淋密度、热流密度、管内蒸汽速度和管表面处理对降膜蒸发传热特性的影响。实验结果表明：在表面蒸发区，水平管降膜蒸发传热系数随热流密度的增加而提高，随喷淋密度增大先降低后升高，冷凝例传热系数基本保持不变。总传热系数对操作条件变化很不明显，表面阳极氧化膜使传热系数略有下降，但由于其优良的抗垢时蚀性能，非常有必要再进行深入地研究。     

平板太阳能集热器热损系数及稳定性研究

为分析空晒对平板太阳能集热器热损的影响,通过准稳态的测试方法,得出3种涂层(蓝膜、黑铬、阳极氧化)集热器的热性能.此外,也分析了总热损系数随吸热板的平均温度、环温和风速等因素的变化趋势.分析结果表明,经过长期的空晒老化,蓝膜、黑铬和阳极氧化太阳能集热器的总热损系数分别为5.072、5.246和5.996 W/(m2·K...     

Titanium–tin oxide protective films on a black cobalt photothermal absorber

We report the effect of covering an electrodeposited black cobalt absorber film with a Ti : Sn oxide film at various atomic ratios prepared by the sol–gel dip process. The resulting composite was characterized in its optical, structural and morphological properties. After thermal treatment at 400°C, the uncoated black cobalt film is oxidized and Co₃O₄ is formed. Samples covered with Ti : Sn films and thermally treated at the same temperature suffered lower oxidation maintaining in great extent the original metallic cobalt structure. The optical properties of the resulting material were affected by the presence of the Ti : Sn coating, and the best protective film obtained was a transparent Ti : Sn (8 : 2) atomic ratio oxide film, with a 210 nm thickness. This composite system exhibits an absorptance value of 0.91 and an emittance value of 0.34 after a 100 h, 400°C thermal treatment. A photothermal material composed of a layer of black cobalt and a protective oxide film coating seems then a promising solar energy absorber capable of withstanding high operating temperatures (400°C).     

Sn/C non-woven film prepared by electrospinning as anode materials for lithium ion batteries

Sn/C non-woven film has been prepared by electrospinning and carbonization treatment. Investigation of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) indicate that the film is formed by non-woven fibers. The fibers consist of amorphous carbon and homogeneously dispersed tin particles, which are extremely tiny (around 1 nm). However, partial tin particles are oxidized when the film is kept in the air, which is confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The XRD measurement also suggests that the tin oxides completely decompose to pure tin after several electrochemical cycles. The reversible capacity of the film in the 20th cycle is 382 mAh g⁻¹, which is 96.7% of the capacity in the first cycle. Such Sn/C non-woven film could be a promising anode material in lithium ion batteries.     

CdIn2O4薄膜的AES分析

利用ＡＥＳ方法研究了ＣｄＩｎ２Ｏ４膜的成分分布。膜中的Ｃｄ、Ｉｎ和Ｏ成份随Ｏ浓度的变化而变化，并对膜的电学性质有重要影响。     

Characterizing surface properties of oxidized coal using FTIR and contact angle measurements

This paper compares FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) and contact angle measurements to characterize surface properties of the oxidized coals with different ash contents. FTIR analysis was employed to investigate functional chemical groups of the oxidized coals. Contact angle measurements were utilized to characterize the hydrophilicity of the oxidized coal. The results showed that contact angle measurements were the same regarding of the type of the oxidized coal. However, FTIR results show that the coal samples with lower ash content had more hydrophobic groups and less hydrophilic groups than the coal samples with higher ash content. This paper demonstrated that FTIR technique is more sensitive than contact angle measurements in studying surface properties of oxidized coal samples.     

Inclusion of Bi2S3 nanoparticles in polypyrrole thin films electropolymerized on chemically deposited bismuth sulfide electrodes: synthesis and characterization

The successful electropolymerization of pyrrole and its codeposition with Bi₂S₃ nanoparticles on chemically deposited bismuth sulfide substrates is described. The materials were designed to explore new approaches to improve light-collection efficiency in polymer photovoltaics. We report the effect of bismuth sulfide nanoparticles on the electropolymerization of pyrrole and on the morphology and optoelectronic properties of the composite film. The differences observed on the optical band gaps, photoaction spectra and open-circuit photovoltages, led to the conclusion that polymerization under the presence of nanoparticles produces tighter and thinner polymeric coatings than the ones obtained without nanoparticles. Under illumination, the composite polymeric coating has low absorption and high electronic conductivity, typical of the oxidized form of polypyrrole. This suggests a photoinduced charge transfer reaction compatible with the electron-accepting nature of bismuth sulfide nanoparticles. When subjected to long time illumination, atomic force microscopy, optical characterization and photoelectrochemical studies showed that the presence of Bi₂S₃ nanoparticles in the polymeric film improves the efficiency of the coating against photocorrosion.     

缸套壁面润滑油膜对汽油机未燃碳氢排放影响的研究

本文通过碳氢在缸套壁面润滑油膜中的扩散模型，研究了油膜对未燃碳氢排放的影响，并开展了相应的试验研究。计算结果表明随着润滑油膜厚度的增加，它对燃油碳氢的吸收或释放量也增加，直至某一临界厚度时达到最大，之后，将保持这一最大值。实际发动机缸套壁面有足够厚的油膜，使其对碳氢的吸收或释放量达到并保持这种最大值。试验结果进一步说明了这一点，且由油膜所致的未燃碳氢排放约占总排放的２８％。     

High-speed and heavy-load tribological properties of hydrostatic thrust bearing with double rectangular recess

The rotational speed and load are two main factors affecting the tribological properties of the hydrostatic thrust bearing, especially under high-speed and heavy-load conditions. The three-dimensional simulation models of oil film and bearing friction pairs are established. The oil film pressure field, oil film temperature field, bearing friction pairs deformation field, and oil film thickness field are obtained and discussed under high-speed and heavy-load working conditions. A test rig for studying high-speed and heavy-load tribological properties of hydrostatic thrust bearing with double rectangular recess is developed. The feasibility of the simulation method is validated by experiments. It is found that a reasonable matching relationship between rotational speed and load is obtained, and the burden is the main factor affecting oil film pressure. Still, the rotational speed has a significant impact on the oil film temperature. The influence of friction pairs deformation on tribological properties under high-speed and heavy-load working conditions is explored, the oil film thickness is obtained, and dry friction will appear if the working conditions are further enlarged. This work guides the application of hydrostatic thrust bearing under working conditions of high speed and heavy load.     

Solar water splitting with p-SiC film on p-Si: Photoelectrochemical behavior and XPS characterization

The electrochemical properties of single-crystalline p-type 3C-SiC films on p-Si substrate were investigated as an electrode in H₂SO₄ aqueous solutions in dark and under white light illumination. The photoelectrochemical (PEC) measurements indicates the p-type 3C-SiC film on p-Si substrate can generate a cathodic photocurrent as a photocathode, which corresponds to hydrogen production, and generate an anodic photocurrent as a photoanode, which corresponds to oxygen evolution. The surface chemical states of the films were investigated by XPS. In order to observe the surface chemical state changes after PEC test, the range of applied potential to the electrode was divided into three zones: −3.6 to 0 V, 0–1.5 V and 1.5–4 V vs. Ag/AgCl. After separated PEC tests in these three areas, XPS shows the surface of the SiC film in the range of −3.6 to 0 V and 0–1.5 V was stable without oxidation except the band bending occurred. But in the range of 1.5–4 V the film surface was oxidized due to anodic oxidation.