不同球磨粉碎工艺对固相合成β-磷酸三钙纯度和粒度的影响

采用纳米球磨-超声搅拌工艺制备了β-磷酸三钙粉体,并与传统固相合成工艺进行了对比研究。采用差示扫描量热（DSC）、X射线衍射（XRD）、红外（FTIR）、纳米粒度测试、扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）及X射线荧光光谱（XRF）等手段对两种工艺所制备粉体进行了纯度和粒度表征。结果表明：相比传统工艺,经过纳米球磨-超声搅拌工艺制备出的β-TCP粉体纯度可达97%以上,平均粒径为666 nm。粉体的纯度高、粒径分布更均匀。同时,纳米球磨加工后的原料平均粒度更小,分散性更好。该工艺有望用于粉体材料的固相合成。     

超重力反应沉淀法制备白炭黑的研究

利用超重力反应沉淀法，以水玻璃和二氧化碳为原料，制备了平均一次粒径为15－20nm的白炭黑粉体，研究了反应条件对产品粒径的影响，通过透射电镜（TEM），红外（IR），X射线衍射（XRD）和差热一热重分析（DTA－TG）等手段检测了产品的性能，通过超重力反应沉淀法制备的白炭黑粉体，具有颗粒较细，粒度分布窄的特点，而超重力的制备方法也具有易于工业化的明显优点。     

微波加热制备纳米ZnO粉体及其表征

以硝酸锌和氢氧化钠为原料,三乙醇胺为表面活性剂,采用微波加热沸腾回流,在不同的反应条件下制备出了平均粒径为25～80nm的纳米级ZnO粉体。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)及粒度分布仪等测试手段,对产品的物相、形貌和粒度分布进行了表征。实验结果表明,利用微波加热制备出的纳米ZnO粉体结晶性能良好,粒径大小均匀;三乙醇胺的加入,明显地改变了氧化锌的结晶行为,晶体形貌由原来的棒状变为准球形,粒径减小到纳米级。     

草酸铵沉淀法制备纳米氧化钕研究

以硝酸钕、草酸铵为原料,六偏磷酸钠为分散剂,采用沉淀法制备纳米氧化钕前驱体,将前驱体在空气中焙烧制备纳米氧化钕粉体。研究了反应温度、物料浓度等因素对粉体的影响,用激光粒度仪测得样品的粒度分布,用X射线衍射和扫描电镜对样品进行表征。实验表明,在最佳条件下可以制得平均粒径为100 nm的片状氧化钕粉体。     

直流电弧热等离子体法制备超细粉体氮化铝的研究

采用直流电弧热等离子体法，以微米级铝粉为原料，制备了超细氮化铝粉体。在等离子体功率12kW，运行N2流量2m^3／h，急冷NH3流量0．6m^3／h，送粉N2流量0．8m^3／h时，制备得到的氮化铝粉末纯度可达98％；分散性良好，几乎无团聚现象；平均粒径为100m，粒度分布为40．140m。采用X射线衍射分析了产品的纯度，SEM扫描电镜分析了产品的形貌，粒度分析仪分析了产品的粒径。研究发现，采用直流电弧热等离子体法粉末纯度高、粒度较细，连续性好，易于工业化。     

用钛白副产硫酸亚铁制备纯磷酸铁及其表征

以钛白粉生产过程中的副产物绿矾（硫酸亚铁）为原料，通过净化除杂，用双氧水为氧化剂，再加入磷酸、表面活性剂，制备了超细磷酸铁。用x射线衍射分析（XRD）、差热-热重分析（TGA．DTA）、X射线光电子能谱分析（XPS）、扫描电镜（SEM）和粒度分布测量等研究了样品的物相结构、表面形貌和粒径分布。结果表明，采用该反应条件有利于控制产物的形貌和粒径，且其产品纯度高。     

超重力反应结晶碳化法制备球形碳酸钙

超重力反应结晶法在碳酸钙制备中具有强化传质作用、产品粒度分布窄等优点。本文以高浓度氢氧化钙浆液作为原料,氯化铵与L-谷氨酸为添加剂,使用超重力反应器成功制备粒径分布较为均匀、形貌较为规整的球形碳酸钙。探究了各因素在超重力反应结晶法制备碳酸钙中的影响,通过改变添加剂的量与超重力因子等考察球形碳酸钙的最佳制备条件。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FTIR）和静态颗粒图像分析等测试手段对碳酸钙产物进行分析,并通过在反应过程中抽样测试的方法探究反应全过程中添加剂对碳酸钙的影响。结果表明,所制备的碳酸钙为粒径约500nm、晶型为球霰石的球形碳酸钙,同时在L-谷氨酸和氯化铵添加量分别为氢氧化钙质量的4%与20%、超重力因子为161.0的条件下所制备的球形碳酸钙形貌最为规整。     

草酸铵沉淀法制备纳米氧化钇研究

以氧化钇、浓硝酸为原料,草酸铵为沉淀剂,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为分散剂,采用草酸铵沉淀法制备纳米氧化钇前驱体,将前驱体在空气中焙烧制备纳米氧化钇粉体。用差热-热重分析确定了前驱体分解温度,用 X射线衍射和扫描电镜对样品进行表征,用激光粒度仪测量不同反应物物质的量比所得产品的粒度分布,得到制备纳米氧化钇最佳条件。实验表明,在最佳条件下可以制得平均粒径为40 nm的氧化钇粉体,其形貌为椭球形。     

不同球磨粉碎工艺对固相合成?-磷酸三钙纯度和粒度的影响

采用纳米球磨-超声搅拌工艺制备了β-磷酸三钙粉体,并与传统固相合成工艺进行了对比研究。采用差示扫描量热(DSC)、X射线衍射(XRD)、红外(FTIR)、纳米粒度测试、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)及X射线荧光光谱(XRF)等手段对两种工艺所制备粉体进行了纯度和粒度表征。结果表明:相比传统工艺,经过纳米球磨-超声搅拌工艺制备出的β-TCP粉体纯度可达97%以上,平均粒径为666 nm。粉体的纯度高、粒径分布更均匀。同时,纳米球磨加工后的原料平均粒度更小,分散性更好。该工艺有望用于粉体材料的固相合成。     

超重力法制备纳米碳酸钙的工艺研究

以氧化钙和CO2为主要原料,用超重力RPB反应器制备了立方型纳米碳酸钙粉末。用正交实验研究了Ca(OH)2悬浊液浓度、转速和气液比对产品粒径的影响,并在所得最优工艺条件下制备出了平均粒径27nm、粒度分布均匀(σ=0 24)的产品,并用X 衍射确定产品的物相组成。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.