稀土掺杂TiO2光催化还原CO2

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了稀土掺杂TiO₂纳米光催化剂,并应用于光催化还原CO₂/H₂O体系中。通过XRD对光催化性能进行表征,研究稀土离子掺杂和焙烧温度对光催化性能的影响。结果表明,稀土La和Ce的加入可以抑制TiO2的晶相转变,提高光催化性能。催化剂800 ℃焙烧可达到最好的光催化活性,在反应时间7 h、CO₂流量200 mL·min^-1和反应液中NaOH与Na₂SO₃浓度均为0.10 mol·L^-1条件下,甲醇产率高达315.49 μmol·g^-1。并对稀土掺杂TiO₂催化剂光催化还原CO₂的机理进行了探究。     

Ce-TiO2粉体的制备及其光催化性能研究

以钛酸丁酯为前驱体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备Ce掺杂纳米TiO₂。结合XRD、TEM、UV-Vis等现代检测手段对所制备样品的结构和性能进行表征。以直接桃红12B为目标降解产物,考察了所制备样品的光催化活性。研究结果表明:样品在550℃煅烧后,TiO₂为锐钛矿型,Ce掺杂纳米TiO₂后晶粒尺寸由23.9 nm降低到19.8 nm。Ce掺杂引起TiO₂的光学吸收边红移,提高可见光的吸收,拓展了TiO₂光谱响应范围。催化剂投加量为0.5 g/L,直接桃红12B溶液的初始浓度为20 mg/L,p H值为5。在紫外光下2 h条件下,Ce掺杂TiO₂后去除率由83.6%提高到93.8%。低浓度下的光催化降解过程可用Langmuir-Hinshelwood一级动力学方程拟合,初始浓度20 mg/L时,吸附速率可达到0.063 04 min^-1。     

多级孔ZrO2/TiO2/ZSM-5分子筛的合成及吸附-光催化协同性能

以碱酸改后的凹凸棒土为硅源,利用溶胶-凝胶法将 TiO₂和 ZrO₂负载于一步水热合成的多级孔 ZSM-5 分子筛表面,形成多级孔 ZrO₂/TiO₂/ZSM-5 分子筛。通过 XRD、SEM 和 N₂吸附-脱附仪等手段对样品进行表征,研究 TiO₂和 ZrO₂掺杂对多级孔 ZSM-5骨架结构、形貌及孔道的影响,并对亚甲基蓝溶液进行实验,探究其吸附-光催化协同性能。结果表明：ZrO₂负载促进了锐钛矿 TiO₂的形成,同时利用分子筛的多级孔道和比表面积提高了底物富集能力。当反应进行 20 min时,TiO₂掺杂量为 10% 的 TiO₂/ZSM-5 分子筛光催化降解效率达 73%;进一步掺杂 ZrO₂,ZrO₂/TiO₂/ZSM-5 分子筛光催化反应效率提高至 96.2%,说明 ZrO...     

TiCl4水解法水热制备Yb-P-TiO2纳米光催化剂及共掺杂的协同机制

利用水热技术以TiCl₄水解法制备介孔锐钛矿Yb-P-TiO₂纳米片.基于XRD、TEM、BET、XPS、FTIR、DRS和PL分析,探讨Yb和P共掺杂对TiO₂表面物理化学特性及光催化活性的影响机制.在模拟太阳光照射下,样品光催化降解4-氯酚活性顺序为:TiO₂ < Yb-TiO₂ < P25 < P-TiO₂ < Yb-P-TiO₂,表明Yb-P共掺杂对提高光催化活性产生协同作用.20 mg·L^-1的4-氯酚溶液在0.8 g·L^-1的Yb-P-TiO₂悬浮液中经模拟太阳光照射120 min后,TOC去除率达87.6%,表明4-氯酚能够被有效矿化.P掺杂对抑制TiO₂由锐钛矿向金红石相的转变和改善表面结构特性起决定性作用.Yb³⁺能俘获光生e^-生成Yb²⁺,Yb²⁺又易于将e^-转移给表面吸附O₂生成·O₂^-,有效抑制载流子复合.P 3p与O 2p轨道杂化能级与氧空位能级共同作用导致带隙窄化,改善光吸收性能.Yb-P共掺杂能进一步抑制光生e^-/h⁺复合,提高量子效率;进一步增加表面羟基,有利于俘获光生h⁺生成强氧化性羟基自由基.上述因素均有利于提高光催化活性.     

新生成的TiO2沉淀絮体对水体中Mn2+的吸附

合肥市大房郢水库每年夏季都出现锰超标现象,对周边水厂除锰工艺造成一定的冲击,针对这一问题,以TiCl₃溶液为原材料,在碱性条件下通过氧化生成水合TiO₂沉淀絮体物,研究新生成水合TiO₂絮体在曝气条件下对水体Mn²⁺的吸附,分析了吸附热力学、动力学并考察了不同吸附条件对Mn²⁺的影响。结果显示:在曝气条件下新生成水合TiO₂絮体对Mn²⁺的吸附效果提高了10%,TiO₂絮体对Mn²⁺的吸附可以很好地符合准二级动力学模型;热力学参数ΔG~θ<0、ΔH~θ>0、ΔS~θ>0表明水合TiO₂絮体对Mn²⁺吸附是自发的吸热过程,反应过程的自发性随温度的升高而增大;吸附过程与Langmuir和Temkin等温吸附方程比较吻合,为单分子化学吸附。p H对吸附Mn²⁺有较大的影响,去除率随初始水溶液p H增加而提高,在酸性...     

ZnFe2O4/TiO2纳米棒光催化剂的制备及其对甲基橙废水的脱色研究

采用水热法制备了ZnFe₂O₄纳米粒子,在碱性条件下水解钛酸丁酯组装得到ZnFe₂O₄/TiO₂纳米棒光催化剂,利用X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)、N₂吸附-脱附仪及电化学工作站分别表征了ZnFe₂O₄/TiO₂纳米棒的晶型、形貌、磁性能、孔结构及电极性能,并研究了其对甲基橙废水的脱色效果。结果表明,ZnFe₂O₄具有尖晶石结构,而TiO₂是锐钛矿结构,二者组装为具有介孔结构的ZnFe₂O₄/TiO₂纳米棒光催化剂,比饱和磁化强度高达40.0 emu·g^-1;紫外光照射120 min后,ZnFe₂O₄/TiO₂纳米棒对甲基橙废水的脱色率...     

活性炭纤维负载TiO2净化室内空气的研究进展

介绍了TiO₂/ACF复合材料吸附净化室内空气中甲醛及苯系污染物的方法以及影响净化效果的因素、ACF的等离子体改性对ACF表面性能的影响、TiO₂的掺杂改性对TiO₂光催化活性的影响,ACF和TiO₂的改性可以显著提高TiO₂/ACF复合材料降解室内污染物的效率。     

纳米TiO2光催化材料的合成及应用研究进展

本文扼要介绍了纳米TiO₂的光催化反应机理,讨论了掺杂纳米TiO₂光催化剂的几种方法以及TiO₂光催化技术在废水处理中的应用,并对纳米TiO₂催化剂的发展做出了展望。     

TiO2-SiO2∶Eu3+荧光粉的制备及发光性能的研究

采用溶胶凝胶法制备TiO₂-SiO₂∶Eu³⁺发光材料，通过XRD, FTIR,荧光光谱仪的测试表征材料的结构和发光性能。结果表明，通过溶胶凝胶法成功的制备了TiO₂-SiO₂复合氧化物荧光粉。FTIR证明1070cm^-1为Si-O-Si的反对称伸缩振动，795cm^-1为Si-O-Si的对称伸缩振动，937cm^-1为Ti-O-Si特征峰。荧光光谱表明以465nm为激发波长，Eu³⁺在612nm(⁵D₀→⁷F₂)红色发光最强。Ti/Si为1∶1时，Eu³⁺掺杂浓度为4mol%时发光强度最佳。     

微波助离子液体中硫-钕共掺杂TiO2催化剂的制备及其微波强化光催化活性

在离子液体介质中,采用溶胶-凝胶法,以钛酸四丁酯为前驱物,用微波干燥法合成S和Nd共掺杂纳米TiO₂光催化剂TiO₂-S-Nd。分别采用IR、XRD、BET和SEM对催化剂结构进行测试与表征,以甲基橙为模拟污染物,在微波超声波组合催化合成仪中,恒温（25 ℃）下分别利用微波辐射、紫外光照及微波辐射+紫外光照3种降解条件,着重考察Nd掺杂量和S掺杂量对TiO₂-S-Nd光催化活性的影响。结果表明,在离子液体用量5.6 mL、n(Nd)∶n(Ti)=0.015和n(S)∶n(Ti)=2时,经功率为350 W的微波加热干燥处理20 min的半成品催化剂,再在700 ℃高温炉焙烧2 h,制得TiO₂-S-Nd催化剂,具有较高的光催化降解活性。且在3种降解条件下,TiO₂-S-Nd对甲基橙降解率分别为12.11%、88.91%和100%,表明微波与紫外光照有较好的协同作用,即微波-紫外光照具有强化S和Nd共掺杂TiO₂-S-Nd催化剂降解甲基橙的效果,并且所制得的共掺杂TiO₂-S-Nd催化剂的光催化活性均高于单一S 或Nd掺杂TiO₂的光催化活性,说明S和Nd共掺杂也具有协同作用。     

纳米二氧化钛光催化剂共掺杂的研究进展

综述了近年来纳米二氧化钛光催化剂共掺杂的研究进展。介绍了纳米二氧化钛光催化剂的作用机理,从促进二氧化钛可见光响应、抑制光生电子与空穴的复合、造成晶格缺陷,增加氧空位、提高二氧化钛光催化剂表面羟基含量等方面解释了纳米二氧化钛光催化剂掺杂改性的作用机理。分析比较了非金属与非金属共掺杂、非金属与金属共掺杂、金属与金属共掺杂等不同掺杂方式对二氧化钛光催化剂的催化性能影响,并对今后的研究方向提出了建议。     

Hydrothermal doping method for preparation of Cr-TiO2 photocatalysts with concentration gradient distribution of Cr

Cr³⁺-doped anatase titanium dioxide photocatalysts were prepared by the combination of sol–gel process with hydrothermal treatment. The samples were characterized by UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area (S_BET), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic absorption flame emission spectroscopy (AAS), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was confirmed that Cr substitutes Ti⁴⁺ in TiO₂ lattice in trivalent ionic state, and the concentrations of dopants Cr³⁺ decrease from the exterior to the interior of doped TiO₂. The photocatalytic activity of Cr-TiO₂ was investigated for the photocatalytic degradation of XRG aqueous solution both under UV and visible light irradiation. Due to the excitation of 3d electron of Cr³⁺ to the conduction band of TiO₂, Cr-TiO₂ shows a good ability for absorbing the visible light to degrade XRG. Doping of chromium ions effectively improves the photocatalytic activity under both UV light irradiation and visible light irradiation with an optimal doping concentration of 0.15% and 0.2%, respectively. The special distribution of dopants Cr³⁺ seems having a good effect on enhancing the photocatalytic activity of Cr-TiO₂.     

A chemical etching route to controllable fabrication of TiO2 hollow nanospheres for enhancing their photocatalytic activity

The TiO₂ hollow nanospheres with diameters of about 230 nm were prepared by a simple and controllable route based on hydrolysis of Ti(OBu)₄ on the surfaces of the Cu₂O solid nanospheres followed by inward etching of the Cu₂O nanospheres. The as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The further post-heat treatment led to the high crystallization of the TiO₂ hollow nanospheres. The photocatalytic performances of these samples were evaluated for the photodegradation of rhodamine B (RhB) under UV-light irradiation. The as-prepared TiO₂ hollow nanospheres showed higher photocatalytic activity than the CuO and the CuO/TiO₂ hollow nanospheres. Effects of temperature and time for post-heat treatment of TiO₂ as well as initial RhB concentrations on the RhB photodegradation have also been studied. The results show that the TiO₂ hollow nanospheres have the good reusability as photocatalysts and are promising in waste water treatment.     

Facile synthesis and enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity of Ti3+-doped TiO2 sheets with tunable phase composition? ?

Ti³⁺-doped TiO₂ nanosheets with tunable phase composition (doped TiO₂ (A/R)) were synthesized via a hydrothermal method with high surface area anatase TiO₂ nanosheets TiO₂ (A) as a substrate, structure directing agent, and inhibitor; the activity was evaluated using a probe reaction-photocatalytic CO₂ conversion to methane under visible light irradiation with H₂ as an electron donor and hydrogen source. High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), field emission scanning electron microscope, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) etc., were used to characterize the photocatalysts. XRD and HRTEM measurements confirmed the existence of anatase-rutile phase junction, while Ti³⁺ and single-electron-trapped oxygen vacancy in the doped TiO₂ (A/R) photocatalyst were revealed byelectron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements. Effects of hydrothermal synthesis temperature and the amount of added anatase TiO₂ on the photocatalytic activity were elucidated. Significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity of doped TiO₂ (A/R) was observed; under the optimized synthesis conditions, CH₄ generation rate of doped TiO₂ (A/R) was 2.3 times that of Ti³⁺-doped rutile TiO₂.     

铋及钴掺杂TiO2陶瓷负载膜的制备及光催化性能

以钛酸四丁酯为钛源,Bi(NO₃)₃·5H₂O为铋源,Co(NO₃)₂·6H₂O为钴源,采用溶胶-凝胶法在陶瓷基片上分别制备了应用于固定式光催化反应器的Bi-TiO₂复合膜及Co-TiO₂复合膜。研究了涂膜方式及煅烧升温速率对膜表面形态的影响,并以甲基橙溶液为目标降解物,对比了旋涂法及浸渍提拉法制备的薄膜在不同升温速率下的光催化活性。通过热分析仪(TG-DSC)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)等测试手段分析了掺杂薄膜的结构。结果表明,采用旋涂法制备的薄膜与陶瓷基体结合较为紧密,而浸渍提拉法制备的薄膜催化活性较高。当煅烧温度为500 ℃,升温速率为10 ℃/min时,其对甲基橙的降解率较高。当摩尔比为0.010时Bi-TiO₂复合膜的催化活性较佳,100 min光降解甲基橙比率达到8.10%。钴或铋掺杂TiO₂均可提高TiO₂催化剂的光催化活性,Bi-TiO₂膜的催化活性优于Co-TiO₂膜。     

色氨酸辅助合成光催化活性增强的球形纳米TiO2

以L-色氨酸（L-Trp）为生物模板,采用简单水解及煅烧后制备了球形结构TiO₂纳米光催化剂。通过X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱、紫外-可见漫反射光谱、光致发光光谱和N₂吸附-解吸等方法对制得的TiO₂纳米材料进行表征。在催化剂合成过程中,L-Trp作为生物模板发挥至关重要的作用,能够指导球形结构纳米TiO₂的形成。考察了不同煅烧温度下制备的TiO₂样品光催化活性,结果表明550℃时制备的TiO₂样品具有优异的光催化活性,紫外光照射30min对甲基橙溶液的降解率达到95%左右,主要是由于较大比表面积和球形结构的协同效应。光催化剂稳定性实验表明,所制备的TiO₂纳米材料可作为一种实用有效的光催化剂用于紫外光照射下降解有机染料。同时,对L-Trp辅助下球形结构TiO₂纳米颗粒的可能生长机理进行讨论。     

硅藻土负载La~(3+)/TiO_2光催化剂的制备及其光催化性能

以钛酸四丁酯为前驱体,硅藻土为载体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO_2/硅藻土负载型光催化剂。以硝酸镧为镧源,采用等体积浸渍-焙烧法制备La~(3+)/TiO_2硅藻土光催化剂。通过XRD和SEM对制备的催化剂进行表征,以亚甲基蓝溶液模拟有机废水,考察n(Ti)∶n(Si)及La3+掺杂量对催化剂光催化性能的影响,结果表明,硅藻土可提高TiO_2分散性,降低TiO_2晶粒尺寸,并抑制其由锐钛矿相向金红石相的转变。在n(Ti)∶n(Si)=1∶1、焙烧温度550℃和La3+掺杂质量分数1%条件下,La~(3+)/TiO_2硅藻土光催化剂的光催化活性较好,紫外光连续照射180 min,亚甲基蓝降解率可达99.9%。     

金属氧化物掺杂高岭土纳米 二氧化钛光催化复合材料研究

以高岭石为载体,以钛酸四丁酯为前驱体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备金属氧化物掺杂高岭土纳米二氧化钛光催化复合材料。采用X射线衍射（XRD）、红外光谱（FT-IR）和拉曼光谱（Raman）对复合材料进行表征,并通过在紫外光下降解云母珠光工业废水来考察其光催化性能。研究了不同金属氧化物掺杂浓度对复合材料光催化活性的影响。实验结果表明：金属氧化物三氧化二铁、氧化锌掺杂使锐钛矿二氧化钛晶相特征衍射峰宽化,掺杂生成钛铁矿、红锌矿新相,影响锐钛矿二氧化钛结晶度。在紫外光下降解6 h,掺杂质量分数为0.5%的三氧化二铁对废水降解率为98.8%,掺杂质量分数为1.5%的氧化锌对其降解率为91.4%。     

纳米N掺杂TiO2的制备及可见光催化活性研究

N-doped TiO2 nanoparticle photocatalysts were prepared through a sol-gel procedure using NH4C1 as the nitrogen source and followed by calcination at certain temperature. Systematic studies for the preparation parameters and their impact on the structure and photocatalytic activity under ultraviolet （UV） and visible light irra-diation were carried out. Multiple techniques （XRD, TEM, DRIF, DSC, and XPS） were commanded to characterize the crystal structures and chemical binding of N-doped TiO2. Its photocatalytic activity was examined by the deg- radation of organic compounds. The catalytic activity of the prepared N-doped TiO2 nanoparticles under visible light （λ〉400nm） irradiation is evidenced by the decomposition of 4-chlorophenol, showing that nitrogen atoms in the N-doped TiO2 nanoparticle catalyst are responsible for the visible light catalytic activity. The N-doped TiO2 nanoparticle catalyst prepared with this modified route exhibits higher catalytic activity under UV irradiation in contrast to TiO2 without N-doping. It is suggested that the doped nitrogen here is located at the interstitial site of TiO2 lattice.