涂装涂层系统制造阶段的质量控制（Ⅰ）

重点论述了涂装涂层系统在制造阶段的质量控制问题,从涂装材料、涂装设备、涂装环境、涂装工艺、涂装管理“五要素”的角度,详细分析了涂装生产过程中的质量控制点,并叙述了制造阶段的涂装生产工艺设计问题。     

浅谈国内摩托车行业涂装现状及发展趋势

介绍了国内摩托车行业的涂装特点、涂装工艺现状和涂装标准状况,阐述了摩托车涂装的发展趋势,并分析了困扰摩托车涂装的几个问题.     

略谈客车绿色涂装与清洁生产应用要点

客车涂装是一种典型的工业涂装,涂层的防护性及装饰性要求较高。近年来客车涂装不断追求“两高三低”（高质量、高效率,低污染、低能耗、低成本）的发展目标,在实施涂装材料、涂装工艺、涂装装备三位一体的应用过程中,绿色涂装技术得到了广泛的应用。绿色涂装拓展了涂装清洁生产新的局面。     

重工机械涂装现状与发展

综述了重工机械涂装现状,阐述了包括薄板件和结构件的一般涂装工艺,分析了单品涂装相对于整机涂装的特点,展望了重工机械涂装的环保性和自动化发展方向。     

钢结构涂装缺陷及防治的技术管理

本文分析了产生涂装缺陷的不同因素,提出必须加强涂装质量管理问责制,增强钢结构涂装设计管理和对涂装缺陷试样的阶段控制,制作试样以预测涂装设计涂层的耐久性等,并重点论述了通过对涂装过程进行质量管理,以达到防治涂装缺陷的目的。     

我国桥梁涂料及涂装技术发展的新动向

综述了我国桥梁建设的发展趋势、桥梁涂料及涂装技术发展历程,指出桥梁涂装应逐步规范化,需要发展涂装新工艺与涂装新设备,培养涂装技术人才、提高涂装技术水平势在必行。     

履带起重机重防腐高耐候涂装工艺

为了实现履带起重机的重防腐高耐候的涂装,使其涂装寿命达到15a以上,根据履带起重机的工作状况和现有的涂装条件,对履带起重机涂装方案进行了系统设计。在实施过程中不断完善涂装材料、涂装工艺、涂装设备和涂装管理,最终实现履带起重机的重防腐高耐候的涂装。     

简述汽车涂装技术的现状与发展动态

涂装材料、涂装工艺、涂装设备、涂装管理是汽车涂装的四大要素,相互之间相辅相成,促进了涂装工艺和技术的进步与发展。21世纪被称为面向环境的新世纪,环境保护倍受全球关注,并已成为人类最迫切研究的课题。汽车及其零部件的涂装是汽车制造过程中能耗最高且产生三废最多的环节之一。因此,减少涂装公害、降低涂装成本、提高涂装质量一直是涂装技术发展的主题。     

工程机械涂装研究和应用进展及发展趋势

从涂装功能变化、涂装前处理工艺及涂料与喷涂工艺的发展等方面对工程机械涂装研究和应用进展进行了综述,总结了当前工程机械涂装工艺特点:在涂装功能上,在保持防锈保护功能的同时,突出装饰功能和标识功能;在前处理方面,中厚板结构件广泛采用自动抛丸工艺,薄板件基本采用磷化工艺,使前处理质量更好;在涂料方面,引入了电泳涂料和粉末涂料,并开发了底面合一涂料;在涂装工艺方面,采用生产效率和涂料利用率高的混气喷涂和静电喷涂工艺,并在传统溶剂型涂料涂装工艺的基础上,开发了抛丸–喷漆一体化工艺、零部件面漆化工艺、先刮腻子后喷底漆工艺和底面合一涂料涂装工艺,同时引入电泳涂装和粉末涂装工艺;在涂装质量管理方面,制定了涂装质量管理标准,并对涂层外观、性能指标进行了量化。指出了工程机械涂装的发展趋势。     

当今涂装行业的涂装管理的重要性

随着科技的发展和社会的进步,当今的涂装行业可以说是蓬勃发展。但要确保涂装质量、达到涂装目的和实现涂装最佳经济效益,就要把握涂装的关键。提到涂装的关键当然是涂装的三要素了：涂装材料、涂装工艺和涂装管理。在工业化涂装流水线生产的过程中牢牢抓好这三要素是非常重要的。然而,往往在生产中容易被忽视也不容易做好的就是涂装管理。下面就从工艺管理、设备管理、质量管理、现场环境管理、人员管理等方面加以论述一下涂装管理的重要性。     

Hold-up of fine particles in the packed dense bed of the multisolid pneumatic transport bed

The hold-up of fine particles in the packed bed of dense particles in the multisolid pneumatic transport bed was experimentally examined. In the experiments, three types of fine particles were used including FCC particles (65 μm), glass beads (105 μm) and fine sand (155 μm), while three types of dense particles were used including aluminum particles (5.50 mm and 6.96 mm) and iron oxide particles (11.08 mm). The hold-up of fine particles in the packed bed of dense particles was found to be higher by a factor as large as 6 compared with that observed in systems without dense particles. An interaction coefficient between fine particles and dense particles was defined based on the momentum balance equation of fine particles in the packed bed. This interaction coefficient, which is empirically correlated, was utilized to account for the hold-up of fine particles in the packed bed.     

纳米/微米粒子复合技术在火炸药中的应用(Ⅰ)

报道了利用纳米／微米粒子复合技术制备纳米／微米复合燃烧催化剂、氧化剂与可燃物复合粒子，催化剂与氧化剂复合粒子以及炸药复合粒子等过程中的子粒子与母粒子的粒子复合设计原理及实际应用中的理论与实际问题，为纳米及微米粒子在火炸药中的应用设计提供理论指导。     

Unique behavior of in-situ generated nanosilica particles on physico-mechanical properties of fluoroelastomer

Fluoroelastomer (FKM) rubber containing different weight percentage of in-situ generated nanosilica particles have been prepared by sol-gel method using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as precursor and n-butyl amine as catalyst. FKM rubber with precipitated silica particles have also been prepared to compare the effect of in-situ generated nanosilica particles and precipitated silica particles on the physico-mechanical properties of FKM rubber. It is interesting to note that the FKM rubber containing in-situ generated nanosilica particles display excellent tensile stress-strain properties, rheological properties and thermal properties in comparison to the FKM rubber containing precipitated silica particles. The better performance of the in-situ generated nanosilica particles has been attributed to the good dispersion of in-situ generated nanosilica particles in FKM rubber matrix when compared to the precipitated silica particles. The fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy clearly confirms the existence of chemical interaction between the FKM rubber chains and the in-situ generated nanosilica particles which leads to the good dispersion of the nanosilica particles in the rubber matrix. Strain sweep studies confirm the presence of more rubber-filler interaction in FKM rubber filled with in-situ generated nanosilica particles. On the other hand, strain sweep studies confirm the presence of more filler-filler aggregation in FKM rubber filled with precipitated silica particles. The dispersion of the in-situ generated nanosilica particles and precipitated silica particles in the surface and bulk of FKM rubber has been studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Selected samples have been cured to understand the effect of curing on the efficiency of in-situ generated nanosilica particles and precipitated silica particles on the physico-mechanical properties of FKM rubber.     

A Model of Deposition of Hygroscopic Particles in the Human Lung

Many aerosols in the environment are hygroscopic and grow in size once inhaled into the humid respiratory tract. The deposited amount and the distribution of the deposited particles among airways differ from insoluble particles of the same initial diameter. As particles grow in size, diffusive behavior tends to diminish while impaction and sedimentation effects increase. A multiple-path model for deposition of hygroscopic particles in the respiratory tract was developed for symmetric and asymmetric lung geometries by implementing particle size change in a model of insoluble particle deposition in lungs. Particle growth by molecular diffusion of water vapor to the particle surface was formulated. The growth model included temperature depression, solute, Kelvin, and Fuchs effects. Particle growth during travel time in each lung airway was computed. Average loss efficiency per airway was calculated by incorporating contributions from particles of various sizes acquired in that airway. A mass balance on the number of particles that entered, exited, deposited, or remained suspended was performed per airway to obtain regional and local deposition fractions of particles in the lung. The deposition fractions calculated for salt particles showed a drop for submicrometer particles in the tracheobronchial region and a significant increase in deposition for micrometer particles or larger. Consequently, very few fine and coarse salt particles reached the alveolar region to be available for deposition. Overall, lung deposition of ultrafine particles decreased for salt particles. Deposition for fine and coarse salt particles in the lung was larger than that of insoluble particles of the same initial particle size.     

Self-assembly of particles—The regulatory role of particle flexibility

Aspects of the self-assembly of particles, which uses nanometer or micrometer sized building blocks to bridge the gap between microscopic and macroscopic scales, are reviewed. Particle self-assembly has been the focus of considerable research in recent years because it can lead to superstructures with a complexity inaccessible by molecular self-assembly, and functionalities entirely different from or superior to those of the primary particles. Examples in molecular self-assembly suggests that anisotropic interactions could be useful in promoting particle self-assembly, with the exception of colloidal crystallization, which requires particles of uniform size and shape. Anisotropic particles prepared by surface modification of precursor particles are often rigid and submicron or micron sized, and thus relatively strong isotropic van der Waals interactions tend to resist self-assembly into regular superstructures. In addition, the relatively large contact area between particles needed for a sufficient binding enthalpy to stabilize a superstructure is difficult for rigid spherical particles. In contrast, flexible anisotropic polymeric particles dispersed in solvents have been shown to self-assemble into various superstructures. The flexibility of primary anisotropic particles enables them to fuse and stabilize into a superstructure. Some flexible and multi-component particles that are isotropic in common solvents can undergo deformation and sufficient material redistribution to anisotropically self-assemble into regular superstructures in selective solvents. The self-assembly is also driven by anisotropic interactions, which is induced during self-assembly rather than in the particles as synthesized. This review focuses on recent achievements in soft particle self-assembly and describes briefly the advancements in rigid particle self-assembly. The presentation is divided into discussion of self-assembly by the colloidal crystallization of isotropic rigid particles, anisotropic rigid particles, anisotropic soft particles and isotropic soft particles, in that order.     

提升管内细长颗粒流化运动的气固多向耦合模型的构建

细长颗粒气固两相流研究已成为气固两相流研究的重点问题之一。而各种细长颗粒在流场中的受力、运动模型构建以及细长颗粒/流场间的耦合关系的构建是细长颗粒两相流数值模拟研究的难点之一。在已经基于刚体动力学原理构建了细长粒子气固两相流单向耦合模型的基础上,结合基于κ-ε模型的球形粒子-流场气固间耦合关联式,并改进细长颗粒间碰撞模型,从而构建了细长颗粒气固两相流动多向耦合数值模拟平台。并且采用此平台对某一实际流化床内的细长粒子气固两相流场进行了数值模拟研究。研究表明,不同时间细长颗粒在流场内的停留位置具有较强的随机性;细长颗粒在流化运动过程中伴随有较明显的取向选择性;细长颗粒的存在会导致当地流场的速度、压强均有较为明显的下降。     

Mechanism of seeded dispersion polymerization of methyl methacrylate using submicron polystyrene seed particles

Submicron polystyrene (PS) latex particles were used as seed in seeded dispersion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) to investigate the particle nucleation and aggregation behavior in this type of polymerization. The PS seed particles were located and tracked during the reaction using a refractive index matching technique. The number of PS seed particles present in the poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) particles was investigated in detail throughout the reaction. The change in the distribution of PMMA particle populations containing different numbers of seed particles indicated that intensive nucleation and aggregation occurred during the early stage of the reaction until a transition point of 8.7% conversion was attained under the reaction conditions studied. The size of the large particles at this point was around 1 μm. These particles were regarded as mature particles that did not aggregate with other mature particles. Meanwhile, immature particle were still generated continuously from the continuous phase. These immature particles could not survive the aggregation process to grow to become mature particle, but instead, were captured by the mature particles. Therefore, the total number of the mature particles remained constant from this point until the end of the reaction. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

The influence of particle size on the flow of initially fluidised powders

When particles are allowed to move over a horizontal surface, the effect of gas flow through them is to increase the distance over which they move, termed their mobility. This has already been shown for cases when gas is continuously passed through a current of particles, but this investigation shows that this is also true when the gas flow is only initially present. Experiments were conducted on a column of fluidised particles that were released into an enclosed channel by the removal of a wall, and the distance travelled by the particles was measured. The behaviour of fine particles (group A in the Geldart classification of fluidised particles) was distinct from that of larger particles.The mobility was modified when they were mixtures of different-sized particles. In particular, when there was no gas flow, the mobility was a maximum when the proportion of fine particles was 30% and the magnitude of this effect increased with the size of the coarser component of the mixture. All the different mixtures of particles acted in a similar manner with increasing mobility for a given gas flow rate with proportion of fine particles until roughly half the mixture was composed of fine particles, and there was then no further increase.     

Elastohydrodynamics of concentrated suspension with generalized newtonian fluid medium

Lubrication theory is applied to compute the deformation of two approaching particles suspended in a Generalized Newtonian fluid with linear elastic theory estimating deformation and force on the particles with respect to deformability δ. The relative viscosity of concentrated suspension with deformable particles in a Generalized New-tonian fluid is obtained for a simple cubic array configuration by using the results of deformation and force for two particles. Since the deformation of particles generates the freedom of moving particles geometrically, the suspension with deformable particles shows shear thinning behavior.     

新疆油田采出水中固体悬浮颗粒结构和性能研究

多种表征手段结合,研究了新疆油田矿场采出水中固体悬浮颗粒的结构及理化性质,实验结果表明:该矿场采出水中固体悬浮颗粒含量小于80 mg/L,粒径较大颗粒(10μm)占总颗粒的85%以上;加入絮凝剂聚氯化铝后,大量颗粒发生沉降,粒径较大颗粒(10μm)占总颗粒的95%以上,而粒径较小颗粒含量不足5 mg/L;不同粒径分布区间颗粒的Zeta电位不同,较小粒径颗粒(5μm)的Zeta电位较高,溶液状态较为稳定;加入絮凝剂后,Zeta电位降低,导致较小粒径颗粒易于发生沉降;结合电感耦合等离子体发射光谱、X射线荧光及元素分析,可知该固体悬浮颗粒中含有8种非金属元素和22种金属元素,元素C、O、Ca含量最高,加入絮凝剂后,元素Al和一些二价金属元素含量增高;X射线衍射表征技术表明颗粒主要以碳酸钙的方解石和文石以及卤化物形态存在。