600MW机组CCS及AGC逻辑优化与应用

某发电公司装机为4×600MW亚临界燃煤发电机组,于2006~2008年相继投产,机组投产后AGC功能未经过调试和实际应用。现因机组在完成低氮燃烧器和脱硝系统改造及机组调峰调频并入河北省电网的调度管理,自动发电控制功能(AGC)和一次调频功能需要适应河北电监会"两个细则"的严格要求。机组的协调控制需要进行重新优化,使机组尽快响应调度的负荷变化要求,满足《火力发电厂模拟量控制在线验收测试规程》及其它相关规程规定的要求。     

“两引一送”机组引风机RB控制研究

采用两台引风机、一台送风机、一台空预器配置的火力发电机组简称"两引一送"单辅机配置。与常规配置机组相比,采用"两引一送"配置的超超临界机组,在引风机辅机故障减荷(RB)动作过程中存在炉膛负压波动大、水煤比及风煤比容易失衡等问题。为解决上述问题,对RB控制策略进行研究。在常规超超临界机组RB控制策略的基础上,通过采用前馈控制、超驰控制、比例积分微分(PID)变参数设计及滑压曲线优化等多种优化方法,最终实现"两引一送"这种特殊配置机组在引风机RB动作时的精确控制。引风机RB动态试验结果表明,RB动作过程中炉膛负压、中间点温度等机组主要参数均可以控制在合理范围内。优化方案有效提高了RB功能的实用性和可靠性,为其他同类型机组的RB功能实施提供了一定的借鉴。     

自主型300MW循环流化床机组协调控制优化

介绍自主型300MW循环流化床机组协调控制策略,在使用AGC功能时经常因主汽压力过高或偏差大而退出,不能满足AGC的考核要求,对其在运行中存在的问题进行分析,通过在锅炉主控中的使用基于自整定的PID增益调度控制器,修正汽机主控的"压力拉回"功能的参数和增加煤质热量校正回路,使机组负荷控制指标满足南方电网AGC功能的要求。     

T80透平控制器在垃圾焚烧电站中的应用

本文重点介绍了T80透平控制器的特点和控制功能,以及采用"变压运行"控制技术对提高垃圾焚烧电站机组运行经济性和稳定性的作用。     

CPS逻辑控制开关的设计与应用

为了满足电力市场的需求，目前各大电网已经对有关的发电厂提出了在大机组上投用CPS功能的要求。由于种种原因，各发电厂中大机组的CPS功能参差不齐。比如，有的机组在设计之初并没有考虑CPS功能；有的机组虽配备了该功能，但操作上存在不便之处，运行人员无法在操作盘上直接进行操作，需要热控人员在工程师站上进行信号强制才能完成该功能的投用和切除；有的机组CPS功能还存在不完善之处，无法完全满足电网的调控要求和机组的安全运行要求。出现以上各情况时，均需要重新设计CPS功能或对原有的CPS功能进行修改，以实现电网需求和大机组本身安全有效运行需求的兼顾和统一。     

一种"盲"数据库服务器的开发与应用

数据库已经成为现代测控网络的重要部分.针对监测系统中对数据处理的特殊要求,文章介绍了一种"盲"数据库服务器在水力发电机组状态监测系统中的应用.介绍了服务器在系统中的功能、数据库的设计和数据库应用程序的设计.     

一种新型RB控制技术在1000MW超超临界火电机组的应用

以广东某1000MW超超临界火电机组为例,针对超超临界机组增压风机故障减负荷(RunBack,RB)功能的稳定投运对提高机组运行安全、稳定性的重要作用,研究和分析超超临界机组增压风机RB的控制策略、具体优化措施和现场试验情况,对同类型机组增压风机RB试验的实施提供参考依据.     

物联网架构下风电机组状态视频自动监测方法研究

常规风电机组状态视频监测方法采用GRU和注意力机制采集状态视频图像,视频图像采集实时性较差,且视频图像信息数据提取精度较低,导致风电机组状态监测值与实际值之间偏差较大。为了改善这一问题,引入了物联网架构与自动化技术,并提出一种全新的监测方法。首先结合物联网技术感知功能、智能功能与互联功能,然后采集风电机组状态视频图像,传输至自动监测平台;最后从线性组合风电机组运行状态原变量,计算机组主成分的贡献率,设定各部件运行状态数据阈值范围,从中选取风电机组状态视频自动监测向量,全面实现自动化监测风电机组状态的目标。通过实验分析可知,提出方法监测风电机组状态得到的监测值与实际值偏差较小,能够更加准确地监测到风电机组的运行健康状态,及时发现机组运行异常状况。     

基于DSP+ARM的风电机组振动监测仪的研究

主要研究了基于DSP+ARM双核的风电机组监测仪,以轴承振动信号作为监测对象,通过时域分析和小波包分析诊断风电机组故障;描述了系统设计方案,研究了数据检测方法、通讯方式、人机接口功能、DSP和ARM的通信方式。该系统是一款功能比较强大,能够可靠监测风电机组,并能有效的分析处理数据的系统。     

大型泵站机组调试系统

本文描述了大型泵站机组调试系统的功能以及机组故障诊断方法等,介绍了机组调度系统开发要点和实现方案。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.