弹性复合圆柱滚子轴承接触特性分析

为探讨弹性复合圆柱滚子轴承滚动体与滚道的接触问题,首先采用有限元方法和经典赫兹接触理论计算方法对实心圆柱滚子轴承的接触应力与变形进行计算,并将两种方法得到的计算结果进行比较,比较结果表明:两种计算方法结果误差在10%以内,由此可知,有限元方法对计算轴承接触问题具有准确性。鉴于实心圆柱滚子轴承与弹性复合圆柱滚子轴承的内外圈接触副相似,可采用有限元方法对弹性复合圆柱滚子轴承接触应力分析。通过有限元方法对不同载荷下的弹性复合圆柱滚子轴承的接触应力、接触半宽、接触位移以及接触应力沿轴向分布进行计算与分析,得到的结果表明:一定载荷下,弹性复合圆柱滚动体的接触位移及接触半宽随着填充度的增大而增大;不同载荷下,弹性复合圆柱滚动体接触应力及等效应力随填充度的增大均存在极小值,且随着载荷的增大,极小值呈一定规律变化。弹性复合圆柱滚子轴承较实心圆柱滚子轴承在接触应力方面具有明显优势,设计合理的填充度能降低弹性复合圆柱滚子轴承的接触应力和改善"边缘效应"。     

高速动车组轴箱轴承接触模型的建立与分析

根据圆锥滚子轴承力学模型,计算了高速动车组轴箱轴承内部载荷分布;基于此,采用切片法建立了轴承接触模型,并对常用的切片法进行改进,提出建立滚子的力平衡和力矩平衡方程组,利用Hartnet关于弹性半空间法向作用力对非作用点变形影响的理论研究了最大承载滚子接触应力分布。建立了高速动车组轴箱轴承有限元接触模型,并采用线性变换趋近的网格划分方法对接触区域附近的网格细化,进而对接触模型进行修正,修正后的有限元接触模型计算结果准确可靠。     

轧机圆锥滚子轴承载荷的边界元法解析及实验研究

针对滚动轴承接触的特点,在轴承边界元法中采用赫兹接触理论对滚动体与轴承内、外圈的接触宽度进行修正。编制了三维有摩擦弹性接触的专用轴承边界元法计算程序,对轧机圆锥滚子轴承的载荷分布进行了数值模拟。采用轴承座直接测量法对轧机圆锥滚子轴承的径向和轴向载荷进行测试,并与数值模拟的结果进行了对比,实验测试结果与数值模拟的轴承载荷的分布规律基本一致,证明了边界元方法求解轴承载荷分布的正确性和有效性。     

大兆瓦风电主轴双列圆锥滚子轴承的承载接触机理

在风力发电机组弹性接触承载数值分析平台的基础上,建立了风电主轴双列圆锥滚子轴承的全尺寸接触模型,并用于研究给定工况下的3MW风电主轴轴承承载接触机理.在径向载荷条件下,比较了风电轴承接触载荷有限元结果与赫兹理论计算结果,从而验证了数值模型分析的合理性;在此模型的基础上,研究了倾覆力矩对风电轴承接触载荷分布的影响规律以及极限工况下的轴承接触载荷与变形分布;最后,分析了轴承轴向游隙变化对轴承承载接触载荷的影响.通过研究发现,给定工况条件下,轴向游隙负向增大时,最大接触载荷变大,轴向游隙正向增大时,受载的滚子变少,轴承最大接触载荷不断增大.风电主轴双列圆锥滚子轴承承载接触机理研究可为大兆瓦风电轴承柔性设计技术提供理论依据.     

风电主轴双支承圆锥滚子轴承疲劳寿命计算

针对直驱式风电机组主轴双支承圆锥滚子轴承组合，建立了一种轴承疲劳寿命理论计算方法。首先，在笛卡尔坐标系中对轴承滚道进行数学描述；其次，运用坐标变换原理建立滚子-滚道接触变形与套圈位移之间的数学关系，借助于变形协调条件和受力平衡条件解决滚子载荷分布的静不定求解问题，通过对模型的数值求解得到轴承内部每个滚子的载荷；然后，运用有限长线接触理论建立修形滚子与套圈滚道之间的弹性接触模型，计算得到滚子与滚道之间的接触应力分布和滚道边缘应力修正函数；最后，通过边缘应力修正函数修正当量滚子切片载荷，进而准确计算轴承疲劳寿命。实例分析结果表明：滚子素线修形量对滚子与滚道之间的接触应力分布和轴承疲劳寿命有显著影响，轴承疲劳寿命随滚子凸度系数增大先急剧上升，达到最大值后缓慢下降。     

预载荷空心圆柱滚子轴承的动态刚度分析

对预载荷空心圆柱滚子轴承的动态刚度进行了分析.在考虑经典Hertz弹性接触、空心滚子变形和润滑的基础上,建立了滚子-滚道接触副的接触模型.进而在考虑离心力的情况下,计算了预载荷空心圆柱滚子轴承的动态刚度,得到轴承的刚度是随内圈旋转而周期性波动的,并分析了外载荷、空心度、过盈量和滚子个数对轴承动态刚度的影响.     

基于轴承边界元法的轴承座对轧机滚动轴承载荷的影响

阐述了在四物体有摩擦弹性接触边界元法的基础上,采用轴承边界单元模拟轴承接触单元及赫兹接触理论修正滚动体与轴承内、外圈的接触宽度的轴承边界元法.轴承座采用不同受力面厚度时对轧机四列圆锥滚子轴承的径向和轴向载荷的分布进行数值模拟,得到其对四列圆锥滚子轴承载荷分布的影响规律.并通过实验说明轴承边界元法在模拟滚动轴承载荷时的正确性和有效性.     

变曲率圆弧球面滚子轴承力学性能分析

根据球面滚子轴承承载过程中存在的问题,提出了两种改变接触应力分布的方法:第一,在不同的载荷下改变滚子-滚道的密合度大小,使得在任一种载荷下接触区域长度都等于滚子有效长度,并给出密合度变化随载荷变化的曲线;第二,利用变曲率圆弧法对球面滚子轴承进行修形。基于Bouss-inesque弹性接触理论,编制计算机程序并计算球面滚子轴承的接触应力,在赫兹理论范围内对程序结果进行了验证,与赫兹解的对比表明,程序计算结果很精确。在此基础上对两种方法设计的轴承进行了应力计算,结果表明,经过程序计算修形后的滚子最大接触应力显著减小,相应的轴承寿命也得到大幅度提高。     

基于非线性弹簧的三排圆柱滚子组合转盘轴承静态承载能力模型

三排圆柱滚子组合转盘轴承数百对圆柱滚子/滚道非线性接触,其有限元模型复杂、计算量大,甚至不收敛。文中用非线性弹簧模拟圆柱滚子/滚道接触。首先用有限元的数值法获取单个圆柱滚子/滚道接触的载荷-变形曲线,即非线性弹簧特性曲线,并通过试验验证;然后基于非线性弹簧建立了三排圆柱滚子组合转盘轴承整体计算模型,分析了转盘轴承在外力作用下的内部接触载荷分布和整体变形情况,将最大接触载荷与理论计算结果进行对比。结果表明:用非线性弹簧代替圆柱滚子/滚道接触的有限元仿真模型能够准确地反映出转盘轴承的内部接触载荷分布以及整体变形情况,计算量大大减少,有效提高三排圆柱滚子组合转盘轴承设计、计算效率,具有重要的工程应用价值。     

空心滚子的弹性趋近量研究

用先进的非线性有限元软件ABAQUS合理建立了空心滚子的弹性趋近量有限元分析模型,计算结果表明,空心滚子的弹性趋近量随着空心度和载荷的增大而增大,且与载荷的大小有较强的线性关系,而滚子的半径对其影响不大。研究结果为空心滚子轴承的刚度计算和设计开发提供指导。     

对数修形圆锥滚子轴承接触副径向刚度分析

以Hertz弹性接触理论为基础,推导出对数修形圆锥滚子与滚道之间的接触变形公式,依据弹流润滑理论,建立对数修形圆锥滚子轴承滚子-滚道接触副等效刚度分析模型,通过实例对对数修形圆锥滚子轴承进行有限元静力学接触分析,得到滚子、滚道接触变形分布。结果发现:接触变形随滚子有效长度和等效曲率半径的增大而减小;等效接触刚度随着接触载荷的增大而增大,等效接触刚度随着滚子有效接触长度增大而呈线性增大,随着修形量增大变化很小。     

圆柱滚子的弹性趋近量

根据圆柱滚子弹性接触问题的数值计算结果,指出了Palmgren关于滚子弹性趋近量公式的局限性,并对其进行了修正,提出了新的拟合公式.     

Analysis of High-Speed Intershaft Cylindrical Roller Bearing with Flexible Rings

For high-precision mechanisms such as machine tools or gas-turbine engines, which operate at extreme conditions, it is particularly important to accurately predict the behavior of the included bearing. This prediction includes, among other things, its load distribution, stiffness, and power dissipation. Although shaft speeds tend to increase, rings and shaft walls are becoming thinner due to size and weight constraints. Thus, bearing behavior is no longer independent of the housing and ring stiffness. This paper focuses on the problem of elastic ring deformation and certain behaviors of high-speed intershaft cylindrical roller bearings such as heat dissipation, contact pressure, and risk of bearing failure due to scuffing. The paper presents an analytical method to account for the structural deformation of the rings based on Roark's formulas. The elastic deformation of thin cylindrical rings has been introduced in the set of displacement and load equations that describes the bearing equilibrium. A correlation with a high-speed intershaft cylindrical roller bearing application is made and the results are compared with those obtained with the finite element method for housing deformations. Heat dissipation, load distribution, contact pressure, and internal kinematics are discussed to evaluate co-rotating and contrarotating shaft design solutions.     

空心圆柱滚子轴承刚度分析

从空心圆柱滚子轴承变形协调关系出发,通过受力分析,建立各滚子载荷和外负荷的力学平衡方程,再运用当量弹性模量的方法,由帕姆格林公式确定负荷与变形间的关系式,求解了空心圆柱滚子轴承的负荷分布,据此导出了空心圆柱滚子轴承刚度的计算公式,并深入地分析了滚子空心度、外负荷、轴承转速和滚子数等对刚度的影响规律。研究结果表明：空心圆柱滚子轴承的刚度随空心度的增大而减小,随滚子个数的增加而增大,且外负荷和轴承转速会根据滚子的不同空心度表现出不同的变化规律。
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弹流润滑圆柱滚子轴承径向刚度的计算

针对滚动轴承刚度计算方法存在的问题,对圆柱滚子轴承受力和弹性变形进行了分析,得出了静态工况下滚动轴承的刚度计算式.在此基础上,将有关弹性流体动力润滑理论引入轴承刚度计算过程,以Dowson-Higginson油膜厚度公式为依据,研究了油膜厚度对轴承刚度的影响,推导出了用于计算圆柱滚子轴承径向刚度的数学公式,实例计算表明,该计算方法具有更高的计算精度.     

多排滚子转盘轴承承载能力的计算

以Hertz弹性接触理论和Lundberg-Palmgren的疲劳寿命理论为基础,结合多排滚子转盘轴承特殊的结构形式和受载条件,导出了接触强度校核及寿命估算的理论公式,并介绍了动、静承载能力曲线的绘制方法。     

APPLICATION OF SUB-ELEMENT AND MICRO-ELEMENT IN BEM WITH ROLLER BEARING LOAD

Aiming at the discontinuous traction on contact elements of roller bearing, new concepts of sub- and micro-element are put forward. In the sub-element and micro-element, traction influence coefficient has been modified, which is calculated by the former boundary element method (BEM) with roller bearing load. Hence, three-dimensional distribution of load on roller bearing is calculated accurately. In practice, it has been proved that this method has higher calculation accuracy. An effective numerical method is offered for analyzing load characteristics of roller bearing to improve service longevity of roller bearing and operation efficiency of rolling mill.     

FEM Comparison of Ball and Roller Bullgears

A structural finite element model has been developed for calculating the forces transmitted through the rolling elements (load distribution) in a bullgear assembly. The elastic structural model consists of 3-D beam elements used to approximate the global race deflection and non-linear springs that approximate the combined rolling element/raceway contact deflections. For rollers, an upperbound on the contact stress (assuming linear variation of force along the length of the roller) is estimated by modeling the rollers as pairs of nonlinear springs. The finite element approach iteratively solves the contact forces at each, rolling element. Contact stresses are then calculated from the contact, forces using Hertz contact theory. This approach is applied to analyze two proposed designs of ball and crossed roller bearing, bullgear assemblies used for rotating the radar antenna on top of a ship's mast. The loads analyzed include those arising from wind loading and from out-of-flatness of the inner race of the bearings due to deflection of the mast. The distribution of the load and the maximum contact stresses for the proposed bullgear assemblies are estimated and compared. It is found that the maximum contact stress in the crossed roller bearing is less than that in the ball bearing for both types of loads. Furthermore, the analysis shows that the out-of-flatness loading produces significantly higher stresses than wind loading.     

Load Distribution in Flexibly Supported Three-Row Roller Slew Bearings

In general, slew bearings are less firmly supported by their mounting structures than small bearings. Hence, the load distribution around the bearing may be vastly different than that predicted by classic bearing formulas. The finite element method has been employed to determine load distribution in a three-row roller slew bearing mounted between two flexible, ring shaped supporting structures composed of beam elements. A special bar element modeling the system of two opposite rollers in contact with its raceways has been elaborated. The influence of the nonlinear force displacement characteristics of each of the rollers, as well as the influence of gaps between the rollers and its raceways have been taken into account. The nonlinear contact problem has been solved utilizing the Newton-Raphson method with continually updated stiffness matrix due to both element nonlinearity and contact status. The effect of a number of design parameters on the load distribution has been investigated.