Optimierte Netznutzung: Informationen aus der Steckdose als Zusatzdienst für die Kunden?

Using the electricity supply network also for information transmission, powerline communication (PLC) technology is succeeding powerline carrier systems operating via the high voltage grid as well as ripple control systems by offering some valuable new technical features as well as the possibility to achieve new telecommunication services, being of interest in an increasingly competitive environment. While narrow-band PLC systems have been standardized since the late eighties and put into operation in a lot of cases, regarding broadband PLC systems questions are still left open — concerning possible disturbing effects on other systems, like radio services as well as on other electrical equipment. Due to that a lack of a normative and regulatory frame might build a threshold for the market entry.     

基于区块链的智能电网监控

随着智能电网系统的广泛应用,电力公司可以通过网络获取实时用电数据以满足负荷预测以及电力营销等业务需求,电力用户也可及时得知当月电费,甚至了解何时用电量较大以及哪个电器耗电量最大等具体细节,但这也导致了数据泄露的风险。为此文中利用主权区块链技术和智能合约的实施,为电力公司和电力用户之间提供一个可信任系统,使得电力供需双方都能安全、透明地获取用电数据。     

Redistribution of power

After 1998, Britain's regional electricity companies (REC) will be `regional' no longer. They may also stop being primarily `electricity companies'. The author looks at the implications of the end of regional franchises for electricity supply. The author discusses the REC business and the technologies available to the RECs to enable them to become more flexible in managing demand to meet supply capability. The author also discusses investment opportunities for the RECs and product differentiation. The author also discusses how the RECs may supply more then just electricity as they diversify into gas, heat, water, telecoms, waste disposal and TV services     

Electricity in Finland

Finland is a Western European country whose electricity is generated and distributed by many small, mostly private, companies. As the UK's electricity supply industry is going to be privatised it is useful to look at how the Finnish system works. The authors look at the consumption and cost of electricity in Finland and compare it with electricity in the UK     

Regulating mains pollution

The latest additions to the EMC Directives, EN 61000-3-2 and EN 61000-3-3 (effective from 1 January 2001), are aimed at limiting the growing problem of equipment-generated distortion on electricity supply networks. For the present, the standards are targeted solely at equipment manufacturers; however in time they will also affect regional electricity supply companies and electricity consumers. A related measure, UK Engineering Recommendation G5/4, which also became effective on 1 January 2001 addressed the more general issue of allowable harmonic limits on electricity distribution networks. The author outlines the provisions of these new standards, designed to limit harmonic distortions in the electricity supply network     

Energy in Germany

Germany combines the most industrialised, power-hungry economy in the European Community with one of the strongest environmentalist movements anywhere. The supply of electricity and gas is governed by the Energy Act, which imposes a duty on the supply companies to supply energy generally, at all times, and economically. The objectives of the energy policy are described     

基于LPC2132的智能防窃电系统的设计

长期以来,一些单位特别是私营企业,将盗窃电能作为获利手段,这严重损害了供电企业的合法权益,扰乱了正常的供用电秩序,严重影响了电力事业的发展,而且给安全用电带来严重威胁。为了尽可能的减少窃电造成的损失,文中应用计算机和通信技术,设计了基于LPC2132的智能防窃电系统,并做到实用化、市场化,最终能在电力部门内大面积推广使用这项新技术,具有较强的社会现实意义。     

A power line communication network infrastructure for the smart home

Low voltage electrical wiring has largely been dismissed as too noisy and unpredictable to support high-speed communication signals. Advances in communication and modulation methodologies as well as in adaptive digital signal processing and error detection and correction have spawned novel protocols capable of supporting power line communication networks at speeds comparable to wired LANs. We motivate the use of power line LANs as a basic infrastructure for building integrated smart homes, wherein information appliances ranging from simple control or monitoring devices to multimedia entertainment systems are seamlessly interconnected by the very wires that provide them electricity. By simulation and actual measurements using "reference design" prototype commercial powerline products, we show that the HomePlug MAC and PHY layers can guarantee QoS for real-time communications, supporting delay-sensitive data streams for smart home applications.     

Damped EMI Filters for Switching Regulators

The phenomenon of open-loop instability between the powerline EMI filter and the switching-regulator power supply is investigated [1]. As a first step to the filter-design problem, simple modifications are made to the filter chosen from EMI considerations alone to assure stability as well.     

风电规模化发展,离不开风电功率预测

随着风力发电装机容量的不断提升,风电占所在电网的比例也在逐步增加。由于风的高度随机波动性和间歇性,使得大容量的风电接入电网会对电力供需平衡、电力系统的安全、以及电能质量带来严峻挑战。风电功率预测系统使风电场可以向电网公司提供准确的发电功率预测曲线,这使得电网调度可以有效利用风电资源,提高风电发电上网小时数额。对我国大型风电场进行功率预测,所得结果作为调度部门的有力借鉴,对促进风电的规模化发展大有裨益。     

配网生产抢修指挥支撑技术的应用探析

在社会经济快速发展的背景下,人们的电能需求不断增加,为了更好地满足电能的需求量,电力企业就需要不断地扩大电网的规模.在配网运行的过程中,故障不可避免,要想保证供电的持续性和稳定性,就依据配网实际的运行状况采用相应的生产抢修指挥支撑技术,进而对配网实现全过程的管理.     

Powernet — das neue EIB-Medium

Powernet EIB is a powerline-based information transmission system using the powerline medium to exchange information for communication purposes. The first implementation of the EIB makes use of the twisted pair transmission medium only. Introducing Powernet EIB, the new transmission medium powerline opens new application fields for the EIB. Powerline is a very hostile medium for carrier based data transmission. Powernet EIB presents a reliable data transmission with considerable speed. Half duplex transceiver technology enables two-way communication in Powernet EIB. The transmission method is based on spread frequency shift keying (SFSK).     

中压大功率变频器在多台大水泵机组并联运行时的机理研究

城市源水输送、城市给水排水处理工程、南水北调工程、大型工矿企业上下水处理、城市给水深度处理及中水处理、高层楼群二次供水系统，都是用电用水的大户，其能耗、药耗、水耗严重。我们必须认真研究各工艺流程的特征，特别是要研究多台大功率水泵机组并联变频调速运转的机理及其节电降耗的原理，科学地选用不同类型的变频器，使传统的老企业大户，做到有效的节能降耗。     

供配电系统规划设计及降低能耗的对策探讨

随着我国经济的发展,也相应带动了电力事业的发展.目前,人们对电能的质量要求也越来越高,这就要求电力企业从多个方面来提升电能质量.供配电系统在电力的传输发面发挥着重要作用,但目前在供配电系统的节能方面仍然有很大的发展空间.本文着重分析了供配电系统的规划设计和降低供配电系统的有效措施,希望对供配电系统的设计方面有一定的借鉴性意义.     

A multipath model for the powerline channel

The development of powerline communication (PLC) systems for Internet, voice, and data services requires measurement-based models of the transfer characteristics of the mains network suitable for performance analysis by simulation. This paper presents an analytic model describing complex transfer functions of typical powerline networks using only a small set of parameters. The model is based on physical signal propagation effects in mains networks including numerous branches and impedance mismatching. Besides multipath propagation accompanied by frequency-selective fading, signal attenuation of typical power cables increasing with length and frequency is considered. A verification of the model at a test network, as well as its use for definition of attenuation profiles and reference channels, demonstrate the practical value of the proposed model     

OFDM在电力线通信中的同步技术

研究了电力线上OFDM通信中的同步技术。利用OFDM信号模型,分析了各种同步误差的来源。并且针对使用电力线作为传输媒介实现逆变电源间通信的要求,着重对符号同步和载波同步算法进行研究,并在原有的ML(MaximumLikelihood)算法上进行了改进。从仿真结果看,此改进算法能够明显改善同步的性能。     

Valuation of forward contracts in electricity markets. Application to the ecuadorian market

One of the main characteristics in the electricity markets is the volatileness of the spot price. The uncertainty associated to the price is a source of risk as much for the selling agents (generation companies) like for the buying agents. For this reason, is necessary to develop tools and methodologies of analysis, valuation and risk management associated to the generation business. This paper proposes, formulates and develops a procedure for the valuation of forward contracts with the objective to obtain a suitable balance between risk and rentability in the context of the generation companies that operate in the ecuadorian electricity market.     

Frequency-bandwidth-tunable powerline notch filter for biopotential acquisition systems

Presented is a novel powerline notch filter embeddable into a chopperstabilised instrumentation amplifier for biopotential measurements. The frequency-translation property of the chopper enables the powerline notching to be indirectly implemented by two resonant zeros around the chopper frequency, resulting in substantial silicon area savings. Transistor-level implementation in 90 nm CMOS using a pseudo-LC circuit topology with Q-enhancement demonstrates 50 to 60 Hz frequency tunability, 25/41 dB powerline rejection at 5/30 Hz bandwidth, and 1000x relaxation of time constant under a 4 kHz chopper frequency.     

基于加权随机森林算法的空巢电力用户识别方法

针对当前政府和社会对空巢老人的识别缺乏有效技术手段的问题,提出了一种基于加权随机森林算法的空巢电力用户识别方法。首先通过调查问卷获取部分准确空巢用户标签,并从用电水平、用电波动、用电趋势 3 个方面构建用户用电特征库,由于空巢与非空巢存在用户数据不平衡问题,采用加权随机森林算法改善机器学习对数据敏感的现象,将该算法模型在电力公司采集系统部署上线,并对2 000户未知类型用户进行空巢识别,其空巢识别准确率达到 74.2%。结果表明,从用电角度研究对空巢老人的识别,可以帮助电网公司了解空巢老人的个性化、差异化需求,从而为用户提供更精细的服务,也可以协助政府和社会开展帮扶工作。     

燃气轮机机组和柴油发电机组在超大型IDC机房的应用对比

对于IDC机房来说,安全、可靠的供电系统就是整个IDC机房的动力中心、是“心脏”,服务器在数据中心要能够长时间、稳定运行,供电系统一定要经过很周密的设计,除了采用双路市电供电外,还需配置发电机组做为后备电源,以及不间断电源系统UPS。