弹体侵彻刚玉块石混凝土的理论分析模型

根据弹体侵彻刚玉块石混凝土后破坏、变形特征,在Taylor理论的基础上,建立了变形弹体侵彻刚玉块石混凝土靶体的理论分析模型.通过Rang-Kutta法数值解,得到了弹丸侵彻刚玉块石混凝土靶体过程中弹体尾部的位移时程、速度时程和侵彻深度计算公式,计算结果与试验数据吻合良好.     

火灾后型钢混凝土柱抗震性能有限元计算模型

该文建立了型钢混凝土柱温度场计算模型,计算结果与实测结果吻合较好。同时,还提出了型钢混凝土柱过火最高温度场的计算方法,并在考虑型钢与混凝土之间以及钢筋与混凝土之间的界面粘结滑移特性的基础上提出了火灾后型钢混凝土柱抗震性能的有限元计算模型,计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。该文模型可用于型钢混凝土柱火灾后抗震性能的计算与分析。     

箍筋约束混凝土圆柱轴压破坏尺寸效应行为

开展了12组不同尺寸几何相似的箍筋约束混凝土圆柱轴心受压破坏试验,试验的工况参数为:配箍率为1.26%和2.89%;圆柱尺寸（直径）相似比为1∶1.5∶2.25,圆柱最大直径为576 mm;圆柱长细比为3。根据试验结果探讨了箍筋约束作用混凝土圆柱破坏模式及轴压强度尺寸效应的影响规律。基于Bažant尺寸效应律思想,提出了能反映尺寸影响的箍筋约束混凝土圆柱轴压承载力计算理论,与试验结果的良好吻合证明了修正承载力计算理论的合理性。最后,建立了钢筋混凝土柱破坏行为及尺寸效应模拟的3D细观尺度数值分析方法,在模拟结果与试验结果吻合良好的基础上,扩展模拟了更大尺寸圆柱的破坏行为。     

长期荷载作用下方钢管混凝土压弯构件的力学性能

基于ACl(1992)方法,提出一种适合于长期荷载作用下方钢管混凝土构件变形计算的方法,理论结果和试验结果基本吻合。考虑长期荷载作用效应的影响,提出轴心受压时方钢管混凝土核心混凝土的应力－应变关系模型,据此利用数值方法成功地计算出考虑长期荷载作用影响时方钢管混凝土构件的荷载－变形全过程关系曲线,理论计算结果和试验结果吻合良好,在此基础上,可给出长期荷载作用下对方钢管混凝土压弯构件承载力的影响系数。     

轴心受压钢骨-钢管高强混凝土组合柱承载力的研究

提出了一种重载柱设计的新模式,即钢骨-钢管混凝土组合柱。该组合柱是在钢管混凝土内埋设钢骨。通过13根具有不同套箍指标、配骨指标和长细比的组合柱的轴心受压试验,研究了其受力性能。研究结果表明,由于钢管、钢骨和混凝土的协同工作,可有效地提高柱子的承载力,延缓或抑制混凝土中剪切斜裂缝的开展,提高柱子的延性。组合柱的承载力和延性将随着长细比的增大而下降。基于试验研究结果,建立了轴压组合柱承载力数值计算模型,数值计算结果与试验结果吻合良好。     

矩形冷弯型钢钢管混凝土柱的力学性能研究

进行了8个冷弯型钢钢管混凝土构件的试验,表明其具有良好的力学性能。在确定组成矩形冷弯型钢钢管混凝土的钢材和核心混凝土应力-应变关系模型的基础上,利用数值解法对其轴压、纯弯和压弯构件的荷载-变形关系进行了全过程分析,分析结果与试验结果吻合良好。最后在参数分析的基础上,提供了轴压、纯弯和压弯构件承载力的实用计算方法。     

弹体冲击效应试验的数值模拟分析

为了对刚玉块石混凝土抗弹体冲击性能进行机理性研究,采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件,对弹体冲击混凝土和刚玉块石混凝土试验进行了数值模拟,形象展现了弹体冲击作用下,混凝土和刚玉块石混凝土靶体破碎、飞溅成坑和背面震塌等现象,真实再现了弹体在混凝土和刚玉块石混凝土中冲击、破坏的物理过程,计算结果与试验宏观破坏现象和高速录像数据吻合良好,说明材料模型和参数正确,模拟方法可行。     

钢管混凝土短柱力学性能研究-实用计算方法

通过对国内外233个钢管混凝土短柱的有效试验结果的重分析,进一步论证了套箍指标是影响钢管混凝土短柱极限承载力的综合因素,建立了钢管混凝土短柱极限承载力、峰值应变和平台强度等实用计算公式和钢管混凝土短柱组合材料应力-应变全曲线实用计算公式,混凝土强度等级适用范围为C20~C110,其计算结果与试验结果吻合良好。研究成果可供钢管混凝土柱的非线性有限元全过程分析参考。     

带约束拉杆方形钢管混凝土的本构关系

对带约束拉杆方形钢管混凝土轴压构件的力学机理进行分析,借鉴约束混凝土本构模型,基于等效侧向压应力的概念,提出适合带约束拉杆方形钢管混凝土柱数值计算的核心混凝土本构关系,并结合有关试验结果对本构关系中的参数进行确定。应用该本构关系对有关试件进行荷载-应变关系全过程计算,计算结果与试验结果比较,两者吻合良好。     

钢与轻骨料砼连续组合梁变形滑移试验研究

通过试验，讨论了钢与轻骨料混凝土连续组合梁变形及其破坏特征，分析了不同剪力连接件布置情况下连续组合梁滑移分布规律，建立了连续组合梁变形计算公式，理论计算与试验结果吻合良好。     

轴压作用下CFRP加固圆钢管混凝土短柱的承载力分析

对碳纤维增强复合材料（CFRP）加固圆钢管混凝土（C-CFST）短柱的轴向承载力进行了理论研究。基于连续介质力学,考虑钢管与混凝土处于三向应力状态,CFRP处于环向受拉的应力状态,建立了CFRP-圆钢管混凝土（C-CFRP-CFST）短柱的理论分析模型。通过理论推导,得到了轴压作用下C-CFRP-CFST短柱的屈服承载力及极限承载力的理论计算公式,并将理论解与已有试验值做比对,证明了理论公式预测的精度。最后采用提出的理论公式对C-CFRP-CFST短柱的轴向承载性能进行了参数分析。研究表明:提高钢管屈服强度及混凝土立方抗压强度或减小钢管径厚比D_s/t_s,都会提高C-CFRP-CFST短柱的极限承载力及屈服承载力;增加CFRP层数和CFRP环向抗拉强度也会提高极限承载力,但CFRP层数对屈服承载力影响较小,CFRP的抗拉强度对屈服承载力没有影响。     

考虑扭转作用的钢管混凝土纤维梁模型

通过引入纤维梁截面的正应变平截面假定和剪应变线性分布假定, 根据美国学者Hsu 提出的转角软化桁架模型中的混凝土材料二维本构关系, 从基本的材料力学原理出发, 推导了可考虑扭转作用的钢管混凝土纤维梁单元的本构关系求解流程。基于大型通用有限元程序ABAQUS 提供的用户自定义子程序UEL, 采用FORTRAN语言开发了可考虑扭转作用的钢管混凝土纤维梁模型, 能够模拟钢管混凝土柱在轴力-弯矩-扭矩复合受力下的全过程力学行为, 并可考虑任意加载路径。该文所开发的纤维梁模型具有较高的精度和求解效率。     

A comparison of engineered cementitious composites versus normal concrete in beam-column joints under reversed cyclic loading

Engineered cementitious composites (ECC) are a class of high-performance fiber reinforced cementitious composite with strain hardening and multiple cracking properties. For a reinforced concrete member, substitution of conventional concrete with ECC can significantly improve the deformation characteristics in terms of reinforced composite tensile or shear strength and energy dissipation ability. In this paper, a number of RC/ECC composite beam-column joints have been tested under reversed cyclic loading to study the effect of substitution of concrete with ECC in the joint zone on the seismic behaviors of composite members. The experimental parameters include shear reinforcement ratio in the joint zone, axial load level on the column and substitution of concrete with ECC or not. According to the test results, for the specimens without shear reinforcement in the joint zone, substitution of concrete with ECC in the joint zone cannot change the brittle shear failure in the joint zone, but can significantly increase the load capacity and ductility of the beam-column joint specimens, as well as the energy dissipation ability due to high ductility and shear strength of ECC material. For the specimens with insufficient or proper shear reinforcement ratio, substitution of concrete with ECC in the joint zone can lead to failure mode change from brittle shear failure in the joint zone to a more ductile failure mode, i.e. flexural failure at the base of the beam, with increased load capacity, ductility and energy dissipation ability. Increase of axial load on column and shear reinforcement in the joint zone have little effect on seismic behaviors of the members when they failed by flexural failure at the base of beam. In a word, the substitution of concrete with ECC in the joint zone was experimentally proved to be an effective method to increase the seismic resistance of beam-column joint specimens.     

钢梁-钢筋混凝土柱梁柱中节点非线性有限元模拟

借助ANSYS有限元分析软件,对5个"梁贯通"式RCS梁柱中节点进行三维非线性有限元分析,并和试验结果相比较。分析中考虑材料非线性以及混凝土的开裂与压碎。对单元类型的选取、钢和混凝土材料模型的定义、整体有限元模型的建立、施加荷载、设置求解选项并求解等数值模拟技术进行了深入的研究。研究表明,通过合理设置参数,ANSYS有限元软件能够模拟RCS梁柱节点在静力荷载作用下的性能,并和试验结果吻合较好。     

钢管混凝土柱-钢梁平面框架耐火性能的参数研究

该文建立了局部火灾下钢管混凝土柱-钢梁平面框架耐火性能分析的有限元计算模型, 计算结果与实测结果吻合较好. 考虑火灾发生位置及蔓延范围、钢梁高度、钢梁加劲肋的设置、梁荷载大小、柱轴压比等参数变化, 对钢管混凝土框架结构的变形和内力重分布规律、破坏形态、破坏机理和耐火极限进行了详细的参数研究. 研究表明:火灾作用位置对框架耐火极限有影响, 梁荷载对框架耐火极限影响较大, 而轴压比对框架耐火极限影响 不大.     

Use of FRP for RC Frames in Seismic Zones: Part I. Evaluation of FRP Beam-Column Joint Rehabilitation Techniques

Multi-storey reinforced concrete frames that were built prior to the 1970's generally do not meet current seismic design code requirements. The lateral load carrying capacity of these structures is often insufficient due to non-ductile reinforcement detailing, which includes either insufficient or no beam-column joint transverse reinforcement. It was observed during recent earthquakes that deficient beam-column joints can jeopardise the integrity of entire structures. Thus, several beam-column joint rehabilitation techniques have emerged to upgrade such substandard joints. It is essential to evaluate the standings of joints rehabilitated with such techniques based on current design code requirements. This paper critically examines beam-column joint rehabilitation techniques using FRP that emerged in the last decade. For this purpose, a full-scale code-conforming beam-column joint was made and tested under reversed cyclic load to serve as a benchmark for this comparison. Enhancements imparted to substandard beam-column joints by FRP rehabilitation techniques in terms of strength, ductility and energy dissipation gains are assessed. It is shown that FRP joints repair schemes generally enhanced the performance of substandard joints, but they often came short of satisfying current standard level performance, and that different rehabilitation strategies can be adopted depending on the type of joint deficiency and the purpose of the rehabilitation scheme.     

无端板矩形钢管混凝土构件基本剪切性能研究

该文进行了8个无端板矩形钢管混凝土构件基本剪切性能试验,考察了截面尺寸和剪跨比（0.3~0.8）对构件抗剪承载力及钢管和混凝土滑移的影响规律。结果表明:剪跨比为0.3时构件发生剪切破坏,随着剪跨比增大,构件破坏模式从剪切破坏逐步向弯曲破坏转化,并且随着剪跨比增大,构件抗剪承载力显著降低,核心混凝土滑移量也呈现减小趋势。同时,用有限元软件ABAQUS对试验结果进行了数值模拟,计算结果与试验结果总体上吻合良好,验证了建模方法的可靠性。在此基础上,研究了钢管与核心混凝土之间的摩擦粘结、构件有无端板及加载主轴方向对矩形钢管混凝土构件基本剪切性能的影响规律。表明钢管与混凝土接触面摩擦系数取0.25时与试验结果符合程度较好;端板对构件荷载-位移关系曲线屈服荷载无太大影响,但对曲线后期强化有一定影响;不同加载主轴方向对构件抗剪承载力有显著影响。     

Seismic retrofit of substandard beam-column joint by planar joint expansion

A seismic retrofit technique for existing reinforced concrete beam-column connections using planar joint expansion is proposed. The method is based on a two-dimensional expansion of beam-column joint using cast in-situ concrete and dowel bars. The method is economical and architecturally acceptable. Three half-scale sub-standard beam-column specimens were tested under quasi-static cyclic loading. One was control specimen and the other two were retrofitted specimens with triangular and square joint expansion. According to test results, the control specimen showed brittle joint shear failure while retrofitted specimens showed beam flexural failure. The strength, stiffness, energy dissipation and ductility of retrofitted specimens were greatly improved. The planar joint expansion is effective to reduce joint shear stress and improve anchorage bond of beam bar within the joint. The plastic hinge formation can be moved away from column face, thus preventing joint shear failure. The triangular and square expansions perform almost equally well. The construction joints formed at the interfaces between specimen and joint expansion do not produce an adverse effect in cyclic behavior.     

Seismic performance and prediction equations of sandwich beam-column joints subjected to skew cyclic loads

To study the seismic performance of sandwich beam-column joints constructed with high strength concrete column and normal strength concrete floor system and joint regions, four specimens with different column to beam concrete strength ratios (α) were tested under skew cyclic loads. The performance indices of the specimens including the failure mode, ductility, energy dissipation were compared and analyzed. The results show that the failure modes of the sandwich joints are in form of joint shear failure after yielding of the beam, while the ductility coefficient is found to be greater than 3.0. Compared to the joints with low concrete strength ratios α, the specimen with a high concrete strength ratio α features larger deformation at the joint. Based on the softened strut-and-tie model, a set of shear strength prediction equations for the sandwich beam-column joint, taking into account the effects of the concrete strength ratio α, floor slabs and plastic region of beams, is proposed. Comparison of the present tests against the published literature confirms that the shear strength of the sandwich joints can be well predicted by the proposed model.     

A heat exchanger model for air-to-refrigerant fin-and-tube heat exchanger with arbitrary fin sheet

A new model for simulating air-to-refrigerant fin-and-tube heat exchangers, with arbitrary fin sheet which encompasses variable tube diameters, variable tube locations, variable tube pitches, internal as well as external jagged edges, variable number of tubes per bank and variable location of fin cuts, is introduced. This model is based on a segment-by-segment approach and is developed to be a general purpose and flexible simulation tool. To account for fin conduction and air propagation through the heat exchanger, it is spatially modeled on a Cartesian grid. A new methodology for air side propagation, required for arbitrary fin sheets, is introduced. The model prediction is validated against experimental data for a condenser using R410A as the working fluid. The predicted results agree within ±5% of overall heat load, and ±25% for total refrigerant pressure drop.