P/M制备SiCp/Al复合材料的研究现状

介绍了粉末冶金制备SiCp/Al复合材料的工艺特点,SiCp/Al复合材料和零件的性能,粉末冶金制备SiCp/Al复合材料的传统和现行工艺流程,以及相关最新进展。     

自蔓延反应涂层法制备SiCp/Al复合材料及性能

对采用铝浴自蔓延反应涂层制备SiCp/Al复合材料的反应机理及与组织演变研究发现：在SiCp/Al表面形成TiC和Ti5Si3复合涂层，显著改善了SiCp与铝液的润湿性，凝固后的SiCp/Al复合材料经热挤压可进一步改善界面状态和界面结合。对它的力学性能和摩擦磨损性能研究表明：由于SiCp的加入对弹性模量的影响与其它方法制备的SiCp/Al复合材料相同，因此可通过降低反应程序，以便提高材料的力学性能。SiSp/Al复合材料摩擦性能主要取决于SiC颗粒的粒度及含量。     

SiCp／2024Al铝基复合材料的腐蚀及防护

用电化学方法研究了2024Al和SiCp/2024Al基复合材料在3．5％NaCl水溶液中的耐蚀性,用电化学阻抗技术对它们的硫酸阳性氧化膜的耐蚀性进行了研究,结果表明,SiCp/2024Al复合材料在3．5％NaCl水溶液中比相应的基体金属有较大的腐蚀敏感性,SiCp/2024Al的阳极氧化膜具有良好的耐NaCl溶液腐蚀能力,但其耐蚀性不如2024Al合金的阳极氧化膜,这是由于氧化膜中SiC颗粒的存在破坏了氧化膜的完整性和均匀性所致。     

无压浸渗法制备SiCp/Al复合材料的研究

以SiCp预制件烧结成形结合无压浸渗工艺制备了SiCp/Al复合材料。采用淀粉、硬脂酸和石墨三种造孔剂及粘结剂连接法和氧化连接法制备的SiC预制件,用无压Al液浸法制备了SiCp/Al复合材料。采用SEM和XRD等测试方法研究了复合材料的断口形貌、复合材料的物相构成。     

颗粒体积分数对高压扭转的SiCp/Al基复合材料拉伸性能影响

基于高压扭转法制备SiCp/Al基复合材料,采用金相显微镜、室温拉伸性能测试实验并结合断口扫描电镜观察,研究颗粒体积分数对SiCp/Al基复合材料的显微组织和拉伸性能的影响.结果表明:SiC颗粒体积分数越大,剪切应变量越小,SiC颗粒分布越不均匀,团聚越严重.试样抗拉强度和屈服强度随SiC颗粒体积分数的增加而增加,但塑性降低.拉伸断口韧窝尺寸大小不一.高压扭转的SiCp/Al基复合材料断裂属于韧性断裂与脆性断裂混合模式,但随着SiC体积分数越小,材料断口的韧窝和撕裂棱越多,韧性断裂特征变得更为显著.     

SiC颗粒增强Al基复合材料的研究现状与进展

综述了SiC颗粒增强Al基复合材料的主要制备方法,总结出最常用的几种,包括:粉末冶金法、搅拌铸造法、浸渗法。重点论述了粉末冶金法的研究现状;归纳了SiCp/Al界面结构类型和界面反应,提出了控制有害界面反应的有效措施;分析了SiCp/Al复合材料主要的热处理强化机制,结合众多研究内容,提出了Al基复合材料微观组织和性能的影响因素以及SiC颗粒增强Al基复合材料研究进展中存在的问题。     

无压浸渗制备SiC_p/Al复合材料的力学性能研究

采用无压浸渗法制备出不同SiC粒度组成和硅含量的SiCp/Al复合材料,并对其性能进行测试分析。研究结果表明:SiCp/Al-7Si复合材料硬度比SiCp/Al-12Si复合材料的低,但抗弯强度和断裂韧性比SiCp/Al-12Si复合材料的高,对不同SiCp/Al复合材料的力学性能的影响程度各不相同;粒径小的SiC颗粒有利于SiCp/Al复合材料的硬度、抗弯强度和断裂韧性的提高。当SiC粒度为W7,铝合金中Si含量(质量分数)为7%时,SiCp/Al复合材料的抗弯强度为502MPa、断裂韧性为7.1MPa·m1/2、硬度为66HRA。     

碳化硅颗粒增强TC11钛基复合材料的组织与力学性能研究

采用球磨工艺将碳化硅颗粒与TC11钛合金粉末混合,通过放电等离子体烧结工艺制备了碳化硅颗粒增强钛基复合材料(SiCp/TC11),并研究了复合材料的微观结构和力学性能.结果表明,SiCp/TC11复合材料内部无孔洞,烧结致密.碳化硅颗粒与钛基体发生反应,生成碳化钛颗粒.随着碳化硅颗粒含量的增加,SiCp/TC11复合材...     

航空用SiCp/Al复合材料热变形行为与环轧工艺研究

为了研究航空用高强韧碳化硅颗粒增强铝基复合材料（SiCp/Al）的热变形行为,为环轧制备航空用大尺寸环件提供工艺依据,采用粉末冶金工艺制备了17%SiCp/Al复合材料（体积分数）。通过不同温度与不同变形速率的热压缩实验,获得了复合材料在不同热变形条件下的应力应变关系,并根据这一关系建立了复合材料的热加工图。研究结果表明,SiCp/Al复合材料随着变形量的增加,在低于440 ℃或高于490 ℃以及高于0.100 s?1的变形速率下易发生失稳变形。SiCp/Al复合材料在变形温度与变形速率不适宜时,除了发生传统金属的失稳变形等工艺缺陷外,还会出现颗粒损伤引起的表面开裂,这种开裂无法通过机加工去除,应予以避免。最后,在热加工图的指导以及环轧实验验证下,给出了适宜SiCp/Al复合材料环轧成型的工艺参数,完成了外径达1200 mm的SiCp/Al复合材料环件制备。     

SiCq对6066铝合金破坏机制及阻尼性的影响

研究了粉末冶金法制备6066铝合金及增强相SiCp(尺寸3μm）含量为7％，12％（体积）的6066铝合金复合材料的拉伸断口及阻尼特性。复合材料的阴尼性能通过动态机械热分析仪测量，得出了增强相SiCp体积分数不同的两个6066Al/SiCp复合材料及6066铝合金在1Hz及30－250℃的温度范围的阴尼温度关系。结果表明，当增强相含量体积为7％时，SiCp颗粒分布均匀，与基体结合良好，复合材料的破坏归因为增强相周围的铝基体产生孔洞形核、长大、聚合引起的；增强相体积含量为12％时，SiCp聚集成团，复合材料的破坏则归因为SiCp团块形成裂纹而断袭。少量SiCp(7%）明显提高6066Al合金阻尼性能，尤其是高温阻尼性能。但SiCp含量再增加到12％没有效果，6066Al/SiCp复合材料的高阻尼性能主要是因为SiCp颗粒加入后增加的高密度位错及基体与SiCp颗粒的界面消耗能量。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.