波折腹板工形构件翼缘稳定性能研究

提出了研究波折腹板工形构件翼缘稳定性能的合理简化模型,探讨了翼缘弹性屈曲应力与翼缘名义宽厚比、腹板波形的关系;基于翼缘屈曲时可能出现的2种屈曲模态,分别解释了其发生机理并给出了相应的临界荷载计算公式;提出了2种屈曲模态的判断依据,通过一系列弹塑性分析考察了不同屈曲模态下构件承载力随宽厚比的变化特点.结果表明,屈曲模态Ⅰ对构件的翼缘稳定十分不利,应尽量避免.基于屈曲模态Ⅱ的屈曲应力,提出可用于工程设计的合理宽厚比限值.     

冷弯薄壁型钢受弯构件局部屈曲性能研究

采用有限条程序CUFSM对截面形式为TS40和TS61的19根550MPa高强冷弯薄壁型钢帽形截面简支檩条受弯构件局部屈曲应力进行分析,计算结果与试验值吻合较好。利用有限条程序对帽形截面受弯构件的翼缘宽厚比、腹板翼缘宽度比、卷边翼缘宽度比、腹板翼缘夹角等参数进行计算分析,结果表明腹板翼缘宽度比是影响帽形截面简支檩条受压翼缘局部屈曲稳定系数的重要因素。利用考虑板组相关的我国现行规范GB50018-2002《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范》和英国冷成型薄壁构件设计标准(BS5950-5:1998)对帽形截面简支檩条受压翼缘局部屈曲稳定系数进行计算分析表明:我国规范在腹板翼缘宽度比小于1.5时偏于不安全,大于1.5时偏于保守,而英国规范相对比较安全。在参数分析的基础上,提出了考虑板组相关的帽形截面简支檩条受压翼缘弹性局部屈曲稳定系数计算公式,建议公式可供工程设计和修订规范参考。     

冷弯薄壁卷边H型钢受弯构件局部屈曲分析

采用有限条软件CUFSM对200种不同截面几何参数的冷弯薄壁卷边H型钢在荷载作用下的局部屈曲应力进行计算,并利用构件的屈曲应力分析了不同的卷边宽厚比、截面宽高比、腹板高厚比、翼缘宽厚比对冷弯薄壁卷边H型钢局部屈曲性能的影响。在此基础上,提出了适用于求解冷弯薄壁卷边H型钢在荷载作用下局部屈曲应力的简化计算式,并将简化公式计算的结果与有限条法计算的结果进行对比,表明所提出的简化计算式具有很好的适用性和精确性。     

折线形腹板H型钢梁翼缘局部稳定性能研究

通过ANSYS软件研究折线形腹板H型钢梁受压翼缘的局部稳定性能。将有限元模型的波幅设为0,折线形腹板H型钢梁的翼缘局部稳定问题即变成平腹板梁翼缘的局部稳定问题。将有限元模型中令波幅为0得出的计算结果与已有研究结果进行对比分析,验证了模型的正确性。最后,根据有限元分析得出的一系列结果,得到翼缘的两种屈曲模态,并推导出翼缘宽厚比限值的计算式。     

集中荷载作用下矩形钢管高强混凝土上翼缘工字形梁屈曲分析

为获得矩形钢管高强混凝土上翼缘工字形梁的屈曲荷载和屈曲模式,文中共设计14根简支梁,考察主要参数为混凝土强度等级、钢管翼缘高宽比、腹板厚度及高度、加劲肋和跨度.利用ANSYS软件建立有限元模型,对14根简支梁开展特征值屈曲分析,获得组合梁的前5阶屈曲荷载和模式,明确混凝土强度、钢管翼缘高宽比、腹板厚度及高度、加劲肋和跨度对屈曲荷载的影响规律.结果表明增加钢管翼缘高宽比、减小跨度及设置加劲肋均会显著提高梁的屈曲荷载,增加腹板的厚度对梁的屈曲荷载影响不明显,增加腹板高度和提高混凝土强度并不能有效提高梁的屈曲荷载.为进一步开展该类组合梁的非线性屈曲分析奠定基础.     

钢结构的局部屈曲性能

考虑了单元间相互作用,提出热轧钢结构局部弹性屈曲应力的解析式,将局部屈曲分析结果与美国AISC钢结构规范中确定局部允许长细比时的内在假定进行对比。采用有线条法确定横截面局部屈曲应力。分析了AISC构件数据库中(不含管)每个截面在轴压下及绕主、次轴正、负弯曲时的局部稳定性。将求局部屈曲应力转化为计算平面屈曲系数k,给出了k的简化公式。新公式明确考虑了构件腹板-翼缘的弹性相互作用。结果表明:有线条法计算的k值与AISC规范中的假定明显不同。     

焊接H型钢局部纵弯失稳下抗弯强度计算

对由厚度为6.0mm、名义屈服强度为315.0MPa的钢板制成的H型钢进行了一系列弯曲试验,研究焊接H型钢的抗弯强度。截面几何形状和侧向边界条件决定了薄壁受弯构件的屈曲形式(局部屈曲、侧向扭转屈曲或交互屈曲)。翼缘或腹板宽厚比较大的受弯构件最先出现局部屈曲,继而发生侧向扭转屈曲,在交互屈曲作用下材料最终破坏。侧向扭转屈曲下局部屈曲对抗弯强度有负面影响。计算薄壁抗弯构件名义屈服应力时应将该现象考虑在内。对翼缘和腹板宽厚比不同的焊接H型钢梁进行了试验。进行有限元分析时将局部和侧向扭转屈曲模态的初始缺陷及残余应力考虑在内。基于考虑焊接型材局部和侧向扭转屈曲相互作用的试验和有限元分析结果,给出直接强度法(DSM)计算抗弯强度的简化公式。计算强度曲线与AISC规范(2005),EC3(2003)及试验结果进行比较,验证了DSM方法所计算的强度曲线的准确性。通过试验得出薄壁焊接H型钢的抗弯强度和结构性能的有关结论。     

楔形压弯构件的局部屈曲

楔形变截面门式刚架被广泛地应用于工业与民用建筑中,CECS102:2002<门式刚架轻型房屋钢结构技术规程>(以下简称<规程>)中楔形腹板局部屈曲的计算公式主要来自矩形板,没有考虑翼缘的相关作用,与构件的实际工作状况有一定的差异.基于此,考虑了多种参数的影响,对各种应力比作用下的楔形腹板的屈曲强度进行了大量计算分析,得出了考虑翼缘约束作用的楔形腹板屈曲强度的计算公式.     

波形钢腹板-钢管混凝土翼缘组合梁桥疲劳性能的多尺度有限元分析

对波形钢腹板-钢管混凝土翼缘组合梁进行了多点约束界面连接及多尺度有限元建模,通过计算分析和理论公式对比,验证了疲劳寿命预测精度和计算分析效率。采用多尺度模型对波形钢腹板钢管翼缘连接部位应力特性进行了分析,比较了波形角以及波形转角曲率半径与波形高度比值对连接部位应力特性的影响。结果表明:采用多尺度模型可在不影响疲劳寿命预测精度的前提下,较为有效地提高波形钢腹板 钢管组合梁疲劳分析的计算效率,其计算分析时间比精细化模型可节约28.9%,而寿命预测相对误差可控制在2%以内;对于梁结构建模,采用多尺度模型计算分析时间比精细化模型可节约40.7%,而寿命预测相对误差可控制在5%以内;多尺度模型模拟连接部位主应力分布规律与精细化模型一致,最大主应力值相对误差在5%以内;该方法可较好地实现对波形钢腹板与钢管混凝土翼缘连接部位不利应力状态的模拟,可为波形钢腹板 钢管混凝土翼缘组合梁的相关疲劳损伤分析提供参考。     

钢-混凝土连续组合梁受力性能的有限元分析

为了分析钢-混凝土连续组合梁混凝土翼板的厚度、钢梁翼缘厚度、腹板高度和厚度等参数的变化对梁的应力和挠度的影响,利用ANSYS有限元软件,对两跨连续组合梁进行非线性瞬态分析,将计算结果和实测结果进行比较,验证了该模型的有效性。通过变换组合梁混凝土翼板的厚度,钢梁翼缘的厚度,腹板的厚度和高度,分析得出对梁的应力和挠度的影响强弱依次为：混凝土板厚,腹板高度,钢梁上下翼缘的厚度,腹板的厚度。     

A study on local buckling behavior of hybrid beams

In this paper, the local buckling behavior of hybrid beams, with high-strength steel webs and mild steel flanges, is investigated. A wide-flange shaped member is essentially an assemblage of plate elements and then the plate buckling has a significant effect on the plastic deformation capacity of a beam, while the web provides the flange with some degree of rotational restraint against local buckling. The torsional restraint of the web against the flange inelastic buckling depends on the web stiffness, namely, the length of the plastic region in the web. A hybrid beam with high-strength steel webs and mild steel flanges is considered to be effective in carrying loads after the flange local buckling. The results of investigation are presented herein.     

Elastic shear buckling characteristics of LiteSteel beams

LiteSteel beam (LSB) is a new cold-formed steel hollow flange channel beam. The unique LSB section is produced by a patented manufacturing process involving simultaneous cold-forming and dual electric resistance welding. To date, limited research has been undertaken on the shear buckling behaviour of LSBs with torsionally rigid, rectangular hollow flanges. For the shear design of LSB web panels, their elastic shear buckling strength must be determined accurately including the potential post-buckling strength. Currently the elastic shear buckling coefficients of web panels are determined by assuming conservatively that the web panels are simply supported at the junction between the flange and web elements. Therefore finite element analyses were carried out to investigate the elastic shear buckling behaviour of LSB sections including the effect of true support conditions at the junction between their flange and web elements. An improved equation for the higher elastic shear buckling coefficient of LSBs was developed and included in the shear capacity equations of Australian cold-formed steel codes. Predicted ultimate shear capacity results were compared with available experimental results, both of which showed considerable improvement to the shear capacities of LSBs. A study on the shear flow distribution of LSBs was also undertaken prior to the elastic buckling analysis study. This paper presents the details of this investigation and the results including the shear flow distribution of LSBs.     

Lateral–distortional buckling of monorails

This paper is concerned with the elastic lateral–distortional (LD) buckling of single span steel monorail I-beams and its influence on their design strengths. The distortion of a slender web reduces the elastic buckling resistance of an intermediate length beam below its flexural–torsional (FT) resistance. A finite element computer program was used to study the elastic LD buckling of single span beams. The LD to FT buckling moment ratios were generally higher for simply supported beams with bottom flange central concentrated loads than for uniform bending, and lower for shear centre concentrated loads. For beams with bottom flange loading and unrestrained bottom flanges, there were very significant reductions in these ratios, but they increased when rigid web stiffeners or top flange torsional restraints were provided at the supports. For beams with bottom flange loading and unrestrained bottom flanges, the reductions in the elastic buckling resistance were greater for beams with stocky flanges than for slender flanges. Approximations were found for estimating the reduced resistances which were generally of high accuracy or conservative, and for estimating the increased resistances caused by elastic and rigid top flange end torsional restraints. A method of designing steel beams against LD buckling was proposed and its use demonstrated by a worked example.     

负弯矩区Π型组合梁的连接强度与刚度

研究了加肋腹板连续组合梁的横向连接刚度和强度。采用横向腹板劲肋 ,加强了组合梁刚性上翼缘 (混凝土板 )对工字梁下翼缘的横向约束 ,能有效提高组合梁的侧向失稳荷载 ,但在钢梁上翼缘与钢筋混凝土板连接区域会产生较大的横向集中力。该集中力会导致混凝土板与下部钢梁上翼缘连接区的强度破坏 ,在设计中必须予以考虑     

内置薄壁H形钢-木组合梁受弯性能研究

为实现钢材与木材的高效组合,提高钢木组合梁受弯性能,提出了一种内置薄壁H形钢-木组合梁。为研究其破坏过程、破坏形态及组合受力性能,以翼缘木板宽度、抗剪连接栓钉间距、薄壁H形钢厚度、翼缘木板厚度、腹板木板高度和腹板木板厚度等为变化参数开展了受弯试验。并提出了可用于预测内置薄壁H形钢-木组合梁挠度和受弯承载力的计算公式,进行了有限元分析。结果表明：依据内置薄壁H形钢-木组合梁破坏过程及特征,可出现受拉翼缘木板受拉断裂、腹板木板受拉区开裂以及受压翼缘木板受压破坏或薄壁H形钢受压翼缘严重压屈和严重粘胶剥离的受压破坏三种破坏模式;在配置截面面积比约3.5%的薄壁H形钢的情况下,内置薄壁H形钢-木组合梁的受弯承载力、抗弯刚度、耗能和延性相对于纯木梁明显提高;腹板木板高度、翼缘木板宽度、翼缘木板厚度和抗剪连接栓钉间距等参数影响内置薄壁H形钢-木组合梁受弯性能较为明显,增加腹板木板的高度、翼缘木板的宽度、翼缘木板的厚度和减小抗剪栓钉间距可明显提高内置薄壁H形钢-木组合梁的受弯承载力;增加薄壁H形钢厚度,可使内置薄壁H形钢-木组合梁受弯承载力和刚度得到一定程度的提高;腹板木板的厚度对内置薄壁H形钢-木组合梁的受弯承载力影响不甚明显。所提出内置薄壁H形钢-木组合梁的挠度及受弯承载力计算式和有限元模型合理有效,计算结果与试验结果吻合良好。     

中美规范中钢结构抗震局部稳定的有关规定比较

锅炉钢结构是由梁、柱、斜撑等构件组成的。在设计这些构件时,希望尽量薄一些,以便减轻重量。但如果不适当地减薄,则在静荷载和地震作用下,腹板或翼缘将偏离正常位置,发生局部失稳。局部失稳将加快构件整体失稳。因此,应保证构件局部失稳不先于整体失稳发生,控制好构件的高厚比和宽厚比。     

Local buckling of welded steel I-beams considering flange–web interaction

This paper presents an analytical study to investigate the effect of flange–web interaction on local buckling of welded steel I-sections subjected to bending. An inelastic local buckling stability model is presented that accounts for all the geometric and material variables of the problem. The deformation theory of plasticity was used to describe the behavior of steel beyond the elastic limit. The model results were verified through comparison with finite element model results and published experimental ones. A parametric study was conducted to investigate the effect of flange–web interaction on the width to thickness limits. Using the parametric study results, new width to thickness limits were proposed in which all the parameters of the section are reflected.     

Numerical investigation of inelastic buckling of steel–concrete composite beams prestressed with external tendons

The ultimate resistance of a continuous composite beam is governed by either distortional lateral buckling or local buckling, or an interactive mode of the two which is sharply different from the torsional buckling mode in a bare steel beam. A finite element model is developed and based on the proposed FE model, inelastic finite element analysis of composite beams in negative bending is investigated, considering the initial geometric imperfection and the residual stress patterns and the FE results are found agree well with the test results. Parametrical analysis is carried out on the prestressed composite beams with external tendons in negative bending. Factors that influence load carrying performance and buckling moment resistance of prestressed composite beams are analyzed, such as initial geometric imperfection, residual stress in steel beams, force ratio, which is defined as the extent of prestressing force and negative reinforcement in the beams, as well as the slenderness ratios of web, flange, and beams. By varying cross-section parameters, 25 groups of composite beams under negative uniform bending with initial geometric imperfection, residual stress as well as different force ratios, 200 beams in total are studied by means of the FE method. The computed buckling moment ratios are drawn against the modified slenderness proposed by the authors and compared with the Chinese Codified steel column design curve. It is demonstrated that the tentative design method based on the Chinese Codified design curve can be used in assessment of buckling strength of composite beams in a term of the modified slenderness defined.     

不设加劲肋的钢梁腹板高厚比限值研究

分析处于统剪状态的钢梁腹板临界应力,综合考虑弯曲应力和局部压应力及翼缘时腹板的约束作用,得出不需设呈置加劲肋时腹板的高厚比限值计算公式,并给出便于设计应用的硬板高厚比限值简化计算公式．     

Shear buckling of thin-walled channel sections

The elastic buckling stresses of channel sections with and without lips and subject to shear forces parallel with the web are determined, where computational modelling of the thin-walled steel sections is implemented by means of a spline finite strip analysis. Both unlipped and lipped channels are studied, where the main variables are flange width, different boundary conditions and shear flow distribution. The channel sections are also analysed at different lengths, to investigate the effect of length/width ratio on the critical shear buckling stresses. Comparisons between cases and with classical solutions are included in this paper.