GPC技术在合成纤维相对分子质量及其分布测试中的应用

综述了凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)技术在腈纶、涤纶、聚酰亚胺纤维、氯纶、氨纶、尼龙纤维和聚乙烯醇纤维的相对分子质量及其分布测试中的应用的研究进展.重点对各合成纤维的GPC测试条件进行了总结,揭示了色谱条件的优化机理,并对GPC方法开发方向及在合成纤维工业中的进一步应用提出了建议.指出在以后的合成纤维生产和研究过程中,可以挖掘...     

纺织品纤维的今天与明天

合成纤维经过半个多世纪的发展,成为最有发展潜力的一种纤维.将来的纤维必须符合超舒适,高性能、高功能和高感性的要求.在本世纪可见预见的将来,并已开始开发的新型合成纤维大多是通过转基因生物工程,得到的是一种符合生态要求的绿色纤维,它们的性能和功能大大超越了今天的纤维.     

《合成纤维》杂志投稿须知

<正>《合成纤维》(月刊)创刊于1972年,是由国家科委批准、国内外公开发行的国家级技术类刊物。主要报道我国合成纤维工业的科研和生产方面的成果,并介绍了世界合成纤维工业科学技术的发展动向,已越来越受到国内外同行的关注,适合于从事石油化工、高分子材料和合成纤维生产、科研、设计、加工应用及管理部门的专家、工程技术人员和大专院校师生阅读。《合成纤维》自2014年第1期起栏目全新改版,设:纤维用原料及聚合技术、纤维研究及生产技术、     

国外涤/棉混纺一浴法用染料

随着石油化工及高分子有机化学的发展,为合成纤维提供了丰富的原料。近年来,合成纤维在纺织工业中渐占主要地位。国外纺织纤维产量如表1: 在合成纤维中又以涤纶发展最为迅速,从1972年起涤纶产量已超过锦纶,跃居首位。估计今后还将有更大的发展,其增长速度远在其他合成纤维之上。国外合成纤维产量如表2:     

化纤概况

20052001纺织用纤维变得越来越完美Thiry M.C.;AATCC Review,2004,4(1),p.7(英)早期的合成纤维起源于类似从木浆中得到的纤维素物质。十九世纪三十年代、四十年代、五十年代,合成纤维生产的潮流走上了历史的舞台并开始使用化学原料。在二十一世纪伊始,化学纤维的研究方向使纤维变得更加完美。当全面使用合成纤维的潮流仍然盛行的时候,在许多方面,对合成纤维的关注又一次集中在了回归自然,使用天然原料。文章对新型合成纤维产品的研究和发展及其终端使用情况进行了详细的描述。(沙玉明)合成纤维发展回顾20052002帝人:Morphotex增产Chemi…     

合成纤维阻燃改性的技术与市场发展

我国是合成纤维的生产大国和消费大国，合成纤维的产量发展很快，但是阻燃纤维在其中所占的比例还非常低，影响了阻燃纤维产业化的市场发展。     

热塑性纤维素纤维Foresse(R)的开发

世界纤维需求随人口增加每年都在增加,年消费纤维7 000万t以上.聚酯及尼龙等合成纤维由于力学性能好、制造成本低,年产量为3800万t,相当于纤维年消费量的一半.但是合成纤维多是以不可再生的石油为原料,因此为保持经济的持续发展,需要开发非石油基纤维.     

1974年合成纤维内部期刊题录索引

,’8巨源危机”来看1974年美国的合成纤维《合成纤维动态》1974年第l期P.5上海市合成纤维研究所合成纤维工业科技情报服务站7从一、合成纤维我国合成纤维原液着色纤维试制概况 《合成纤维动态》1974年第4期P.8 上海市合成纤维研究所 合成纤维工业科技情报服务站2我国合成纤维工业向针织化道路开始发展 《合成纤维动态》1974年第3期P.5 上海市合成纤维研究所 合成纤维工业科技情报服务站8日本合成纤维工业向针织化道路推进 《合成纤维动态》1974年第1期P.6 上海市合成纤维研究所 合成纤维工业科技情报服务站3辽宁省合成纤维工业技革成果简…     

复合纤维及异形纤维

20064220双组分纤维:现时代的纤维Khatwani P.A.…;Journal of the Textile Association,2004,65(2),p.53(英)在合成纤维领域,过去的世纪经历了巨大的发展。合成纤维的用途获得扩展,其他领域也是如此。目前没有一种纤维能满足所有的要求。这导致了双组分纤维的发展,其可设计出满足最终产品的要求。最近,双组分纤维在全球引起了注目。文章简明介绍了双组分纤维的生产工艺、性能和用途。(涂君植)双组分纤维综述20064221SWNT聚合物纳米复合纤维的多功能和结构Park C.…;Poly meric Materials Science an dEngineering,2004,90,p.56(英)…     

国外噻吩、噻唑类分散偶氮染料的发展情况

一、噻吩和噻唑类分散偶氮染料的发展情况随着石油工业和高分子化学工业的迅速发展,合成纤维也迅速发展。在七十年代中期,世界三大合成纤维总量已经接近九百万吨,其中涤纶纤维由于具有优异的穿着性能,发展尤为迅速,其总量早已超过了锦纶纤维。涤纶纤维的发展促进了分散染料的发展;     

AMF抗菌纤维及其应用

就上海市合成纤维研究所研制成功的AMF系列抗菌纤维的制备及其性能作了介绍,并概述了其在多方面的应用.     

Liquid spouting of pulp fibers in a conical vessel

Pulp fibers can be spouted in water in a conical vessel. The entities which are spouted are fiber flocs rather than individual fibers. Synthetic fibers, which do not flocculate, cannot be spouted. For comparison, rigid spherical particles were spouted with water in the same conical vessel. Liquid spouting of rigid particles was similar to gaseous spouting. For pulp spouting, the minimum spouting velocity is proportional to the mass of fibers in the bed and inversely proportional to the diameter of the inlet. For rigid particles, the minimum spouting velocity is proportional to the height of the bed and inversely proportional to the square of the diameter of the inlet. A model for the minimum spouting velocity was developed for pulp spouting.     

Single-Fiber Interception Efficiency for Elliptical Fibers

Synthetic fibers with non-circular cross-sections are used in air filters. These fibers may offer performance advantages over traditional fibers with circular cross sections because they have more surface per unit volume of fiber upon which particles can collect. Starting with a solution for the velocity field around fibers with elliptical cross-sections, expressions for predicting the single-fiber efficiency for particle collection by the interception mechanism were developed for elliptical fibers. The interception efficiency predictions depend on filter solidity, fiber properties such as size, aspect ratio, and orientation of the cross section relative to the incoming flow, and particle diameter. The expressions demonstrate that single fiber interception efficiency for elliptical fibers generally increases with increasing particle diameter, increasing solidity, increasing aspect ratio, and as the major axis of the ellipse becomes more perpendicular to the incoming air flow.     

纤维混杂及其与膨胀剂复合对水泥基材料的物理性能的影响

选用不同尺度的钢纤维、高弹维纶纤维、低弹聚丙烯纤维,按二元或三元混杂增强水泥基复合材料,系统研究了其限缩与抗渗性能及其与膨胀剂的复合效应,并通过孔结构测试剖析了纤维混杂增强及其与膨胀剂复合对提高水泥基的限缩与抗渗能力的机理.     

ZrO2陶瓷纤维制备及性能研究

通过挤压法制备ZrO_2陶瓷纤维；采用参量变换法研究了PVA和甘油含量分别对纤维密度和收缩率的影响；并且对ZrO_2纤维的前躯体进行热重(TG)和差热(DTA)分析,对ZrO_2纤维进行扫描电镜(SEM)分析。且在实验中用溶胶取代粘结剂制备纤维,提高了纤维密度。     

Polymers in Asia: Research Institute on Synthetic Materials Aging,Ministry of Chemical Industry

The Research Institute on Synthetic Materials Aging was organized in 1961 by the Government of the People's Republic of China after a special recommendation of Prof. Alexander Samoilovich Kuzminsky (from the Rubber Research Institute, Moscow, USSR), who was a pioneer in the USSR (perhaps in the world) in the field of degradation and stabilization of polymers. The institute specializes in varied aging and antiaging research on plastics, rubbers, paints, synthetic fibers, adhesives, and their products. It is also engaged in development research on polymer processing applications, additive synthesis, plastics special master batches, and fine chemical products. The Quality Supervision and Inspection Center of the Synthetic Material Aging Ministry of the Chemical Industry and the Guagdong Provincial Quality Supervision and Inspection Station of Industrial Paint Products are set up in this institute. Also, the Aging Method Subcommittee of the China Plastics Standardization Technical Committee is set up in the institute.     

Comparison of tensile,thermal, and thermo‐mechanical properties of polyester filaments having different cross‐sectional shape

One of the most important morphological features of fibers is their cross‐sectional shape. Nowadays, the circular fiber cross‐section is the most common shape of melt‐spun man‐made fibers. Other shapes are beginning to emerge for a variety of reasons such as performance, comfort, pilling propensity, bulkiness, tactility, processing etc. The filaments' cross‐section can be easily varied by changing the spinneret hole shape. Synthetic fibers that are predominantly spun by the melt spinning method with spinnerets having the noncircular hole geometry are called profiled or noncircular fibers. Modifications of the fiber cross‐section allow designing surface properties in yarn and fabric. However, the effect of profiled fibers on yarn properties has not been well documented yet. In this article, the influence of different filament cross‐section geometry on fiber properties was studied. PET (polyethylene terephthalate) filament yarns having two different cross‐sectional shaped filaments, circular and cruciform, were manufactured by melt spinning. Differences in tensile properties of filament yarn and as well as of individual filament depending on the cross‐sectional type were studied and revealed. More over, thermal and thermomechanical properties of filament yarn of both the cross‐sections were studied and revealed by DSC and TMA method, respectively. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

第28届国际化纤会议的论题及世界化纤技术的进展

本文根据第28届国际化纤会议的议题和论文内容,分析了当前世界化纤的主要技术成就和发展动向,并介绍了几种引人注目的人纤和合纤新品种。     

In vitro cytotoxicity of Manville Code 100 glass fibers: Effect of fiber length on human alveolar macrophages

Background  

Synthetic vitreous fibers (SVFs) are inorganic noncrystalline materials widely used in residential and industrial settings for insulation, filtration, and reinforcement purposes. SVFs conventionally include three major categories: fibrous glass, rock/slag/stone (mineral) wool, and ceramic fibers. Previous in vitro studies from our laboratory demonstrated length-dependent cytotoxic effects of glass fibers on rat alveolar macrophages which were possibly associated with incomplete phagocytosis of fibers ≥ 17 μm in length. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of fiber length on primary human alveolar macrophages, which are larger in diameter than rat macrophages, using length-classified Manville Code 100 glass fibers (8, 10, 16, and 20 μm). It was hypothesized that complete engulfment of fibers by human alveolar macrophages could decrease fiber cytotoxicity; i.e. shorter fibers that can be completely engulfed might not be as cytotoxic as longer fibers. Human alveolar macrophages, obtained by segmental bronchoalveolar lavage of healthy, non-smoking volunteers, were treated with three different concentrations (determined by fiber number) of the sized fibers in vitro. Cytotoxicity was assessed by monitoring cytosolic lactate dehydrogenase release and loss of function as indicated by a decrease in zymosan-stimulated chemiluminescence.     

阳离子可染聚丙烯纤维的研究

采用共混纺丝的方法,制备阳离子可染聚丙烯纤维,并对其性能进行了研究。结果表明:ＰＰ/ＭＰＴ共混体系具有良好的可纺性,纺制的纤维上染率达９５%以上。共混纤维有良好的力学性能,符合纺制加工的要求,并使纤维的吸湿性和抗静电性能有明显的改善。