国内首台1kgTNF当量复合板爆炸容器的设计

介绍了国内首台用爆炸合成的不锈钢复合板制造的爆炸密封容器，并应用爆炸相似律，解析方法及数值模拟等方法对该爆炸容器进行了物理设计，确定出等效载荷，然后进行了机械设计，该容器用复合板为不锈钢（0Cr18Ni9Ti,4mm)和16MnR钢（20mm)复合而成，该爆炸密封容器设计当量为1kgTNT。     

2205双相不锈钢复合板爆炸-轧制工艺研制

就 2 2 0 5双相不锈钢复合板的生产工艺过程进行了研制、观察 ,重点介绍了厚复层 2 2 0 5双相不锈钢复合板爆炸焊接 ,轧制温度控制与相比例的关系及对板形的控制 ,并对试验结果进行了讨论 ,从而找出爆炸—轧制双相不锈钢复合板生产的可行性工艺路线。     

压力容器用大幅面爆炸焊接不锈钢复合板缺陷形成机理

在爆炸焊接宽2600 mm、长10000 mm以上的大幅面金属复合板中,常常发现在对角线附近,离开板角1000~2000 mm处,出现条状不结合缺陷,缺陷宽度一般在80~200 mm,长度为400~600 mm,最大长度可达2000 mm。这种缺陷的出现,严重影响了复合板的整体质量,增加了产品制造成本,限制了爆炸焊接更大面积的金属复合板产品。通过分析界面空间的排气路径,合理地解释了爆炸焊接大幅面金属复合板,特别是不锈钢复合板时,这种缺陷的形成机理,从而采取有效方法和措施来减小和消除这类缺陷。     

氟橡胶/不锈钢复合板的制备及耐蚀密封性能研究

以不锈钢为金属芯板,氟橡胶为橡胶涂层,制备出氟橡胶/不锈钢复合密封板。采用电化学测试技术(交流阻抗、极化曲线和线性扫描)对复合板进行耐蚀性能研究,通过压缩回弹实验研究复合板的密封性能。电化学测试结果表明,制备的复合板具有良好的耐蚀性能,其腐蚀电流密度为1.318μA/cm2,极化电阻为5.93×104Ω,传荷电阻为1.389×104Ω/cm2。压缩回弹实验表明,该复合板压缩率为15.38%、回弹率为89.5%,密封性能优秀。     

树脂基玻璃纤维复合材料爆炸容器的研制

采用HS2高强玻璃纤维及0Cr18Ni9不锈钢内衬,设计了内径500mm的球形及柱形树脂基玻璃纤维复合材料爆炸容器,容器通过了6MPa的水压试验和系列爆轰加载考核实验,炸药与球形及柱形容器的质量比分别达到3.3%和0.9%,研究结果表明容器的设计是成功的,并具有重要的推广应用价值。     

16MnR与奥氏体不锈钢堆焊

我厂生产的二硫化碳盐水冷凝器,其中大法兰、管板的材质为δ=36mm的Q345(16MnR) 中 (δ=14mm)0Cr18Ni2Mo2Ti复合板。由于该复合板不好采购,交货期短。为此,我们决定采用奥氏体不锈钢作为堆焊焊材。过渡层选用A042焊条,复层选用A022焊条来满足产品各项性能要求,为验证该焊材能否达到产品要求,在产品正式堆焊前,我们进行了堆焊试验。     

压力容器用钛-钢复合板的三种制造工艺

由于钛材优异的耐蚀性能以及钢材的低成本特性,钛-钢复合板被越来越多地应用于压力容器等领域。为了促进钛-钢复合板的标准化生产,通过对爆炸焊接、爆炸+轧制以及真空轧制这3种复合材料制备技术机理的综合分析,比较其制造工艺和技术参数,并进一步分析3种制造工艺的特点和适用范围,对3种制造工艺下的复合板各项性能进行测试,结果表明,爆炸焊接复合板适用于高压容器和超高压容器;爆炸+轧制复合板适用于中、高压容器;真空轧制复合板适用于低压容器。     

热处理对双相不锈钢复合板组织和性能的影响

讨论双相不锈钢爆炸复合板在不同工艺下退火后的成分、组织和性能,在本试验的条件下,该复合板都有良好的结果.由此可以根据消除应力和再结晶的需要,为了获得综合的物理和化学性能的需要而选用不同的退火工艺.同时指出:双相不锈钢复合板在高温下退火的表现,为相图理论在爆炸焊接中的应用提供了范例.     

爆炸容器的工程设计方法及其应用

1　前言爆炸容器 (ｅｘｐｌｏｓｉｏｎ -ｃｏｎｔａｉｎｍｅｎｔｖｅｓｓｅｌ)是一类特殊的密封压力容器[1] ,它能对其内部所发生的爆炸过程进行有效地约束 ,使爆炸产生的冲击波及破片被限制在容器内部 ,因此 ,它被广泛地运用于工业、国防及科研领域[2～ 5] 。如图 1所示 ,爆炸容器与一般压力容器最根本的区别就在于其内部作用载荷是瞬态的 (毫秒级 ) ,炸药在其中心爆炸 ,形成向四周传播的冲击波 ,冲击波到达容器内壁而受阻 ,便形成向容器中心反射的冲击波 ,该反射冲击波即是作用于容器内壁的瞬态载荷。因此 ,要设计一台爆炸容器 ,其前提就…     

5kg TNT当量爆炸容器的研制

介绍了爆炸容器的设计方法 ,用此方法设计了一台 5kgTNT当量爆炸容器并对该容器进行了动态测试 ,测试结果表明 :该容器设计合理 ,工作安全、可靠     

SAF2205/16MnR双相不锈钢复合板焊接接头的组织与性能

对SAF2205/16MnR双相不锈钢复合板进行了焊接,基层采用手工电弧焊,以E5015焊条为填充材料,过渡层及覆层采用钨极氩弧焊,以ER2209焊丝为填充材料;对焊接接头进行了拉伸试验,利用扫描电镜、光学显微镜及X射线衍射仪等分析了接头过渡层焊缝及其熔合区域的显微组织及物相组成.结果表明:焊接接头的抗拉强度为512 MPa;覆层母材/热影响区/过渡层焊缝之间的显微组织过渡缓和,且铁素体和奥氏体相的比例均在控制范围内;异种金属熔合界面未出现明显的合金元素短程扩散,且在焊缝金属中未发现有M23C6和σ等脆性相析出;所得接头具有良好的力学性能和耐腐蚀性能.     

转速对三元硼化物基金属陶瓷覆层耐磨性的影响

以Mo粉、FeB合金粉和Fe粉为基本原料,同时加入Cr、Ni、C合金元素成分,采用原位反应真空液相烧结工艺,在Q235钢基体上制备三元硼化物基金属陶瓷覆层材料。利用摩擦磨损试验测试了不同转速下三元硼化物基金属陶瓷覆层材料的耐磨损性能,研究了转速对该覆层材料耐磨性的影响。     

A novel iso-scallop tool-path generation for efficient five-axis machining of free-form surfaces

Weld cladding is a process of depositing a thick layer of a corrosion resistance material over carbon steel plate to improve the corrosion resistance properties. The main problem faced in stainless steel cladding is the selection of process parameters for achieving the required clad bead geometry and its shape relationships. This paper highlights an experimental study carried out to develop mathematical models to predict clad bead geometry and its shape relationships of austenitic stainless steel claddings deposited by gas metal arc welding process. The experiments were conducted based on four-factor, five-level central composite rotatable design with full replication technique. The mathematical models were developed using multiple regression method. The developed models have been checked for their adequacy and significance. The direct and interaction effects of process parameters on clad bead geometry and its shape relationships are presented in graphical form.     

哈氏合金B-3／304爆炸复合板封头的制造

目前国内哈氏合金B-3／304爆炸金属复合板封头的制造较少,其制造工艺较为复杂。以成功制造的哈氏合金复合板封头为例,对哈氏合金材料的性能、加工特性以及复合板封头制造过程中的下料、拼焊、成形及热处理等进行了较为详细的阐述。     

爆炸复合钢板的复层中残余应力分布的测定

用改进的盲孔法对一种复合钢板的双相不锈钢00Cr18Ni5Mo3Si2复层中残余应力测试结果表明，复层内存在不均匀的残余应力，复层表面的残余应力较小，约靠近复层与基层的结合面应力越大，最大残余应力可达100MPa以上。该测试结果对复合钢板的选用具有一定的实际意义。     

层状金属复合板带铸轧复合技术研究进展

介绍了层状金属复合板带铸轧复合技术的发展背景和意义,概述了近年来固-液铸轧复合工艺和液-液铸轧复合工艺开发现状及研究成果,对比分析了传统的固-固相、固-液相金属界面结合机理和铸轧复合机理的区别,并结合研究现状,从产品极限规格、产品种类、复合界面性能调控、全生命周期理论等方面对层状金属复合材料铸轧复合工艺发展进行了展望。     

Software supports and E-manufacturing for DMT process

The working principle of the laser-aided direct metal tooling(DMT) process is the use of a laser to selectively clad metallic powder on the substrate material part. A high-powered laser beam is focused on a metal substrate to create a molten weld pool; as the laser passes by the deposit is quickly cooled, leaving behind a thin line of metal clad. The major advantage of the DMT process is its capability of depositing a multitude of materials. Since the material deposition relies only on the feeding of a powder, it is relatively simple to use multiple kinds of materials. In fact, recent research has shown that DMT is capable of manufacturing binary functionally graded materials as well. The study is to develop a software support tool, visual simulation technique, as one of the e-manufacturing capability established for a unique DMT process.     

Erosion wear behavior of laser clad surfaces of low carbon austenitic steel

Austenitic steel surfaces are laser cladded using a 4 kW continuous wave CO₂ laser with coaxial powder feeding nozzle to investigate the improvement in slurry erosion characteristics. Colmonoy-6 and Inconel-625 are cladded on AISI 316L steel and AISI 304L steel, respectively by laser cladding. Initially, single-pass clad track is overlaid to optimize the laser processing parameters, namely scanning speed and powder feed rate to obtained a sound clad. Minimum cracks, porosity and distortion were found at scanning speed of 0.1 m/min and powder feed rate of 12 g/min. For these parameters, the dilution was 17.33% for Colmonoy-6 and 40% for Inconel-625. To clad large surface area, the optimized laser processing parameters were used to deposit the clad tracks with 60% overlap. Maximum surface hardness of 746 VHN is obtained in case of Colmonoy-6 clad on AISI 316L steel and is 352 VHN in case of Inconel-625 clad on AISI 304L steel. EDAX analysis shows higher degree of mixing of substrate material in the clad pool of Inconel-625 than Colmonoy-6. The results of slurry erosion test of Colmonoy-6 clad surface have shown improvement in erosion resistance of the order of 1.75–4.5 times of the substrate AISI 316L steel at all impact angles and the maximum wear angle has also increased which can be attributed to the increase in the surface hardness. However, Inconel-625 laser clad surface has shown little improvement in erosion resistance of the substrate AISI 304L steel at shallow impact angles with no significant improvement at normal impact condition. The SEM micrographs of worn out Colmonoy-6 clad surfaces at shallow impact angles show that the material is removed mainly by micro-cutting which increases with increase in the impact angle.