A Study of the Compatibility Between Asphalt and SBS

Abstract

In this article, the compatibilities between different components of a base asphalt and styrene butadiene styrene (SBS) have been analyzed from microscopic structures. Specifically, the asphalt was separated into three components: saturates, aromatics, and resins, by Solvent Recycled Absorption Chromatography Separation Technology (SRACST). The compatibilities between these different components and the polymer were compared with the help of Fluorescence Microscope (FM) with which the existing state of the polymer SBS in these different components could be examined obviously. The modified effects indicated that aromatics could cause SBS swollen and, resins dissolved SBS better than saturates, though both the two components could partially dissolve SBS and the two mixtures presented two immiscible phase systems. In order to further investigate the compatibility between aromatics and SBS, from macroscopic properties, an additive rich in aromatics was added to the SBS/asphalt mixture, and the result was satisfactory.     

聚合物SBS和沥青的相容性研究

以胜华100^#沥青为原料,采用溶剂脱青工艺和溶剂再循环吸附色谱分离技术将沥青分成三组分：富饱和烃组分（S）、富芳香烃组分（A）、富胶质组分（R）。根据微观形态结构的不同,考察了聚合物苯乙烯－丁二烯－苯乙烯（SBS）在不同组分中的存在形式,研究了沥青组分与聚合物的相容性。结果发现：饱和分对SBS起溶胀作用;而芳香分和胶质对SBS部分溶解,整个体系呈两相结构。改性沥青要达到最佳性能,其饱和分、芳香分和胶质需达到一定配比。     

Influence of asphalt chemical composition on moisture susceptibility of asphalt mixtures

To evaluate sensitivity of moisture damage resistance with chemical composition of asphalt, the adhesion energy, debonding energy as well as compatibility ratio of 69 asphalt-aggregate combinations were calculated with thermodynamical models. Pearson correlation analysis and regression analysis were carried out to correlate the relationships between asphalt chemical composition (saturates, aromatics, resins, asphaltenes, and wax) and moisture stability of asphalt mixture. The results showed that more resins and less asphaltenes in asphalt could lead to better moisture stability of asphalt mixture under dry and wet conditions, which can be effectively predicted by multiple regression models with different asphalt chemical components.     

原位红外研究沥青的热氧老化过程

用四组分法将沥青分为饱和分、芳香分、胶质、沥青质。采用原位红外研究了四组分在不同气氛下的热氧老化过程。研究表明，在氮气氛围下，各组分均无明显老化现象。在氧气中，饱和分和芳香分的热氧化速度最快，在空气中次之。在氧气或空气中，胶质和沥青质的热氧老化程度很弱。同时分别在饱和分和芳香分中加入一定量的不同添加剂，通过研究其热氧老化过程考察添加剂对饱和分和芳香分抗氧化性能的影响。     

APPLICATION OF THE COMPATIBILITY THEORY AND THE SOLUBILITY PARAMETER THEORY IN SBS MODIFICATION ASPHALT

ABSTRACT

The effect of different base asphalts on the styrene butadiene styrene (SBS) modification had been studied in this paper and the solubility parameter theory was used to predict its modification effect. The results showed that the compatibility between the base asphalt rich in aromatics and SBS was good. The closer the polarity of the two substances, the smaller the difference of their solubility parameter, the more easily they are miscible. Therefore, the solubility parameter between the modifier SBS and the base asphalt can be used to evaluate their compatibility. To find a suitable blender (or stabilizer) based on the solubility parameter model is one of the best methods to reduce the difference of the solubility parameter between SBS and the base asphalt and decreased the isolation of SBS in the polymer–asphalt mixture.     

APPLICATION OF THE COMPATIBILITY THEORY AND THE SOLUBILITY PARAMETER THEORY IN SBS MODIFICATION ASPHALT

The effect of different base asphalts on the styrene butadiene styrene (SBS) modification had been studied in this paper and the solubility parameter theory was used to predict its modification effect. The results showed that the compatibility between the base asphalt rich in aromatics and SBS was good. The closer the polarity of the two substances, the smaller the difference of their solubility parameter, the more easily they are miscible. Therefore, the solubility parameter between the modifier SBS and the base asphalt can be used to evaluate their compatibility. To find a suitable blender (or stabilizer) based on the solubility parameter model is one of the best methods to reduce the difference of the solubility parameter between SBS and the base asphalt and decreased the isolation of SBS in the polymer-asphalt mixture.     

增容剂对SBS改性沥青相容性和流变特性的影响研究

Adding compatibilizer to polymer-modified asphalt (PMA) is an effective method to improve material compatibility and performance. However, only a few studies have systematically focused on how compatibilizer can affect the performance of styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) polymer-modified asphalt (PMA). In this study, six compatibilizers with different compositions were used to prepare SBS PMA samples. Conventional performance, viscosity-temperature characteristics, viscoelastic behavior, creep properties, and morphology were investigated. The results show that adding compatibilizer to SBS PMA has a great effect on performance. High aromatics content in compatibilizers improve the high-temperature performance of SBS PMA, while a high saturates content increases low-temperature performance. Additionally, a high aromatics compatibilizer increases temperature sensitivity. While the aromatics content improves the compatibility of SBS PMA to some extent, adding compatibilizer to SBS PMA has few effects on microstructure. From our results, we can conclude that the optimum aromatics content for adding compatibilizer to SBS PMA is from 33.21 wt% to 54.22 wt%.     

改性剂SBS与沥青相容性的研究

改性剂与沥青的相容性是决定改性效果和改性沥青制作工艺的关键因素,而聚合物改性沥青的相容性与基质沥青的组成,聚合物的剂量,聚合物的结构和组成以及储存温度密度相关,利用热储存稳定性试验系统,研究了改性剂SBS（苯乙烯－丁二烯嵌段共聚物）与基质沥青的相容性,结果表明,线型SBS普遍比星型SBS具有较好的相容性,SBS含量小于3％时改性沥青的稳定性较好,沥青质含量适中,芳香分含量越大的基质沥青与SBS的相容性越好。     

塔河常压渣油及其亚组分的非等温热转化反应性能研究

采用热重分析法对塔河常压渣油(THAR)及其亚组分的热转化反应性能进行了考察;在Sharp微分法基础上,采用分段动力学拟合,获得了渣油及其亚组分热转化速率峰值、速率峰值处的反应温度、转化率和剧烈裂解温度区间等动力学基本数据以及各亚组分的生焦性能。结果表明：各亚组分生焦率由低到高依次为饱和分＜芳香分＜胶质＜沥青质,沥青质是焦炭的主要来源;四组分按组成加权后的生焦率较THAR生焦率高4.21百分点,表明THAR亚组分混合物共焦化有利于抑制各亚组分的生焦;饱和分可促进其它亚组分生焦,而芳香分和胶质可抑制沥青质生焦,且芳香分的抑焦性能更强;在热转化反应过程中,裂化反应活性由高到低的顺序为饱和分＞芳香分＞胶质＞沥青质,各亚组分在低温段和高温段的活化能由低到高的顺序均为饱和分＜芳香分＜胶质＜沥青质,表明胶质和沥青质大分子的热转化过程需要提供较多的能量。     

道路沥青及SBS改性沥青的紫外老化研究

采用紫外辐射试验对道路沥青和SBS改性沥青进行加速老化试验研究.利用老化前后的软化点、针八度、延度和四组分变化。分析了道路沥青的紫外线老化机理。结果表明:随紫外线老化时间的延长,道路沥青和SBS改性沥青软化点呈上升趋势、针入度和延度呈降低变化趋势,其中又以延度变化最为明显。经紫外线老化后道路沥青和SBS改性沥青的四组分也有变化,其中沥青质略微上升、芳香分略微降低,而饱和分和胶质变化不大。     

热重法考察渣油及其亚组分的焦化性能

以热重法考察锦州石化渣油及其亚组分的焦化性能，并揭示了渣油各亚组分间的焦化特理化学作用。结果表明，四组分焦化生焦率从大到不的顺序和沥青质，胶质，芳香分，饱和分，渣油的生焦率介于芳香分和胶质之间。焦化过程中表观热裂化反应活性顺序为饱和分＞芳香分＞胶质＞沥青质，而实际热裂化热裂化的剧烈程度的顺序相反。饱和分可促进其它亚组分生焦，而芳香分可抑制胶质，沥青质生焦，渣油按四组分组成物理加权后的生焦率大于该渣的生焦率。还探讨了渣油及其亚组分在焦化过程中的动力学特征。     

油浆调合沥青SBS改性研究

催化裂化油浆富含芳香分,是理想的道路沥青调合组分。以SBS为改性剂、油浆和渣油调合沥青作为基质沥青制备SBS改性沥青,利用FCC油浆蒸馏所得馏分油作为相容剂对SBS进行预溶胀,同时利用蒸馏所得的残油调节改性沥青的针入度,并对油浆调合SBS改性沥青的性能进行评价。结果表明：催化裂化油浆蒸馏馏分油对SBS具有较好的溶胀能力,经过溶胀后SBS的分散性能显著改善,直接利用机械搅拌即可获得分散均匀、储存稳定的SBS改性沥青;当SBS用量为4.5%（w）时,油浆与渣油的调合沥青通过机械搅拌工艺可制备出符合JTG F40—2004标准的SBS改性沥青。     

Group Type Analysis of Asphalt by Column Liquid Chromatography

An improved analysis method for characterization of asphalt was established. The method is based on column chromatography technique. The asphalts were separated into four groups: saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes, quantitatively. About 0.1 g of sample was required in each analysis. About 20 mL of n-heptanes was used to separate out saturates first. Then about 35 mL of n-heptanes/dichloromethane (1/2.5, v/v) mixture was used to separate out aromatics. About 30 mL of dichloromethane/tetrahydrofuran (1/3, v/v) mixture was used to separate out resin. The quality of the separation was confirmed by infrared spectra (IR) and ¹H NMR analysis. The model compounds, tetracosan for saturates, dibenz(ah)anthracen for aromatics, and acetanilide for resins were used for verification. The IR and ¹H NMR analysis of the prepared fractions from the column liquid chromatography were in good agreement that of pure reagents.     

Group Type Analysis of Asphalt by Column Liquid Chromatography

An improved analysis method for characterization of asphalt was established. The method is based on column chromatography technique. The asphalts were separated into four groups: saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes, quantitatively. About 0.1 g of sample was required in each analysis. About 20 mL of n-heptanes was used to separate out saturates first. Then about 35 mL of n-heptanes/dichloromethane (1/2.5, v/v) mixture was used to separate out aromatics. About 30 mL of dichloromethane/tetrahydrofuran (1/3, v/v) mixture was used to separate out resin. The quality of the separation was confirmed by infrared spectra (IR) and ¹H NMR analysis. The model compounds, tetracosan for saturates, dibenz(ah)anthracen for aromatics, and acetanilide for resins were used for verification. The IR and ¹H NMR analysis of the prepared fractions from the column liquid chromatography were in good agreement that of pure reagents.     

The Mechanism of Asphalt Modification by Crumb Rubber

To investigate the mechanism of asphalt modification by crumb rubber,the interactions between FCC slurry and rubber particles were evaluated at different temperatures and time.The rules of the change in mass of SARA composition in FCC slurry were obtained before and after its interaction with rubber particles,which showed that crumb rubber not only absorbed saturates and aromatics but also resins.Asphaltenes promoted the desulfurization or degradation of crumb rubber during the interaction between asphalt and crumb rubber.     

高性能改性沥青应用于乌鲁木齐国际机场的研究

介绍了克拉玛依石化公司以优质的重交沥青为原料,通过原料中加入高芳烃组分,采用特殊工艺制备出改性基质沥青,烃组成匹配合理,与SBS相容性好,能够满足重交通道路沥青标准的指标要求。以此改性基质沥青生产出的高性能改性沥青完全满足乌鲁木齐国际机场飞行区道面改造工程对沥青材料的技术要求。     

THE STUDY OF PRODUCING SBS MODIFIED ASPHALT BY USING LIAOSHU HIGH VISCOUS CRUDE OIL

The high viscous crude from Shuguang No.1 zone of Liaohe oilfield has the characteristics of high contents of resin, asphaltene and low wax content, which belongs to low sulfur naphthene-base crude oil and is ideal material for producing high grade paving asphalt. Waste oil used as blender and stabilizer that is rich in aromatics and poor in wax and styrene butadiene styrene (SBS) were added into vacuum residue of the said crude oil. By reasonable process, various brand SBS modified asphalts meeting JTJ036-98 specification were developed. The modified mechanism and road properties were studied. The laboratory test showed these modified paving asphalts had good low-temperature properties and antiaging feature.     

APPLICATION OF GRAY SYSTEM THEORY IN SBS MODIFIED ASPHALT

A system whose partial information is known and partial information is unknown is called gray system. In this paper, the compatibility relationship between Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) modifier and base asphalt composition was studied by correlation analysis method. The analysis results of correlation level show that aromatics and asphaltene of base asphalt affect SBS modified effect mainly as the content of SBS is lower, while the content of aromatics and resin become the main effect factors as SBS content is increased.     

大港减压渣油超临界萃取残渣极性组分的化学结构特征

 将大港减压渣油超临界萃取（SFEF）的残渣利用中性Al2O3色谱柱进行四组分（SARA）分离，得到饱和分、芳香分、胶质和沥青质。然后对其中的芳香分、胶质和沥青质3个极性组分进行钌离子催化氧化反应（RICO）选择性降解，生成的混合物分离处理后，非挥发性羧酸用CH2N2-乙醚溶液酯化，挥发性羧酸用苯甲酰甲基溴酯化。采用GC-MS、GC、FT-IR等手段对这些酯化产物进行定性和定量分析，检测到各组分的降解产物含有一系列的一元正构脂肪酸、α,ω-二元正构脂肪酸和多种芳羧酸，以此可了解各组分的结构特征。结果表明，3个组分的RICO产物中，芳环上的正构烷基侧链含量和连接两个不同芳碳的聚亚甲基桥含量均随着碳链增长都呈递减趋势。沥青质组分的芳核中迫位缩合结构比芳香分要多，而芳香分中的联苯和渺位缩合结构比沥青质中的比例要大，胶质中各种结构的分布介于两者之间。     

THE STUDY OF PRODUCING SBS MODIFIED ASPHALT BY USING LIAOSHU HIGH VISCOUS CRUDE OIL

The high viscous crude from Shuguang No.1 zone of Liaohe oilfield has the characteristics of high contents of resin, asphaltene and low wax content, which belongs to low sulfur naphthene-base crude oil and is ideal material for producing high grade paving asphalt. Waste oil used as blender and stabilizer that is rich in aromatics and poor in wax and styrene butadiene styrene (SBS) were added into vacuum residue of the said crude oil. By reasonable process, various brand SBS modified asphalts meeting JTJ036-98 specification were developed. The modified mechanism and road properties were studied. The laboratory test showed these modified paving asphalts had good low-temperature properties and antiaging feature.