热压烧结制备SiC增强石墨复合材料及其性能

以天然鳞片石墨为起始原料,SiC颗粒为增强相,采用热压烧结工艺制备了SiC增强石墨复合材料。研究了SiC含量对SiC增强石墨复合材料微观结构、力学性能和摩擦性能的影响。结果表明:SiC颗粒均匀分布在石墨基体中,降低了基体中的孔隙率;随着SiC含量增加,SiC增强石墨复合材料的相对密度和弯曲强度相应增加,开孔率显著降低,当SiC含量达到40vol%时,SiC增强石墨复合材料中形成了SiC网络骨架结构,相对密度达到了94.2%,比商品高强纯石墨材料提高了11.8%,弯曲强度达到了146 MPa,比商品高强纯石墨材料提高了147%;基体石墨保持了层状结构;SiC含量低于40vol%时,SiC增强石墨复合材料的摩擦系数随SiC含量的增加轻微增加,与纯石墨材料的摩擦系数相当,具有良好的摩擦性能。     

多孔C/SiC复合材料的制备及其性能

以W丝作为成孔剂,采用孔隙预置技术制备了发汗多孔C/SiC复合材料,对其孔隙结构进行表征,研究了材料的力学性能和渗透行为.结果表明:采用孔隙预置技术能够有效的控制多孔C/SiC材料开孔率和孔隙结构,其孔隙主要由W丝去除后形成的直通孔组成,开孔率决定于W丝的体积含量,所制备的材料具有良好的力学性能和渗透性能.其弯曲强度达到358 MPa、弯曲模量达到124 GPa,断裂韧性达到16.7 MPa·m1/2,空隙率为23.5%,渗透率为1.02×10-3mm2,材料表现为韧性断裂模式,其孔隙的存在并没有对材料的力学性能产生明显的影响.     

反应热压烧结法制备SiC/Ti3SiC2复合材料及其性能

采用反应热压烧结法制备了SiC/Ti3SiC2复合材料,研究了热压温度、SiC含量及粒度对SiC/Ti3SiC2复合材料相组成、力学性能以及应力-应变行为的影响.结果表明:热压温度影响SiC/Ti3SiC2复合材料相组成;随着热压温度的提高,复合材料的弯曲强度和断裂韧性提高;随SiC含量的增加,SiC/Ti3SiC2复...     

Fabrication of Tia SiC2 modified C/C - SiC composites by liquid silicon infiltration

采用浆料浸渗结合液硅渗透法原位生成高韧性Ti3SiC2基体,制备Ti3SiC2改性C／C—SiC复合材料。研究了TiC颗粒的引入对熔融Si浸渗效果的影响,分析了Ti3SiC2改性C／C-SiC复合材料的微结构和力学性能。实验结果表明：TiC与熔融si反应生成Ti3SiC2是可行的,而且c的存在更有利于生成Ti3SiC2;在含TiC颗粒的C／C预制体孔隙（平均孔径22．3μm）内,熔融si的渗透深度1min内可达10．8cm;Ti3SiC2取代残余Si后提高了C／C-SiC复合材料的力学性能,C／C-SiC-Ti3SiC2复合材料的弯曲强度达203MPa,断裂韧性达到8．8MPa·m^[1/2];对于厚度为20rllm的试样,不同渗透深度处材料均具有相近的相成分、密度和力学性能,无明显微结构梯度存在,表明所采用的浆料浸渗结合液硅渗透工艺适用于制备厚壁Ti3SiC2改性C／C-SiC复合材料构件。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of BAS/SiC composites sintered by spark plasma sintering

High-density BAS/SiC composites were obtained from β-SiC starting powder by the spark plasma sintering technique. Various physical properties of the BAS/SiC composites were investigated in detail, such as densification, phase analysis, microstructures and mechanical properties. The results demonstrated that the relative density of the BAS/SiC composites reached over 99.4% at 1900 °C. The SiC grains were uniformly distributed in the continuous BAS matrix which is probably because of complete infiltration of the SiC particles in BAS liquid-phase formed during sintering. The pull-out of SiC particles, crack deflection and bridging were observed as the major toughening mechanism. The flexural strength and fracture toughness of the BAS/SiC composites sintered at 1900 °C were up to 560 MPa and 7.0 MPa·m^1/2, respectively.     

3D C/SiC复合材料的热辐射性能

利用稳态量热计法和傅里叶红外光谱仪分别测定了3D C/SiC复合材料在90℃时的半球向总发射率和室温法向光谱反射率,研究了表面形貌、涂层厚度及高温氧化对3D C/SiC热辐射性能的影响。结果表明:3D C/SiC具有优异的热辐射性能,其总发射率可达0.83;随着SiC涂层厚度的增加,3D C/SiC总发射率先降低后上升;高温氧化后,3D C/SiC的热辐射性能有所提高。      

Fabrication of toughened Cf/SiC whisker composites and their mechanical properties

In this paper, dense short carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide matrix composites had been fabricated by hot-pressed (HP) sintering using Al₂O₃ and La₂O₃ as sintering additives. The results showed that the combination of Al₂O₃ and La₂O₃ system was effective to promote densification of short cut carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide composites (Cf/SiC). The whisker structure of silicon carbide was formed during the annealed treatment at 2023 K for 1 h. However, it was noted that this structure was not observed in the as-received HP material. The mechanism of forming whisker structure was not clear, but this kind of whisker structure was helpful to improve mechanical properties. The combination of grain bridging, crack deflection and whisker debonding would improve the fracture toughness of the Cf/SiC composites.     

Fabrication of barium-strontium aluminosilicate coatings on C/SiC composites via laser cladding

Barium-strontium aluminosilicate(BSAS) and Si/BSAS coatings were fabricated on the surface of C/SiC composites via a two-step laser cladding process. The microstructure, mechanical properties, and the water vapor corrosion behavior of the samples were investigated. The BSAS coating was found to be tightly bonded to the substrate and only a few pores and microcracks were observed. The introduction of a silicon middle layer was revealed to reduce thermal stress and promote the healing of defects formed during the laser cladding process. To evaluate the corrosion resistance, the BSAS and Si/BSAS-coated C/SiC composites were exposed to an atmosphere of 50% H_2O and 50% O_2 at 1250 °C. The resulting weight change and flexural strength were measured as a function of the corrosion time. The addition of the silicon middle layer below the BSAS top layer resulted in a better resistance to water vapor corrosion. Furthermore, the Si/BSAS-coated samples showed a lower weight loss and a smaller reduction in flexural strength than the BSAS-coated and the uncoated samples during water vapor corrosion. Thus, laser cladding is demonstrated to be an effective and feasible method to fabricate high-quality ceramic coatings on C/SiC composites. The introduction of a silicon middle layer can inhibit defect formation during the laser cladding process and protect the composite from water vapor corrosion.     

Fabrication of laminated TiB_2-B_4C/Cu-Ni composites by electroplating and spark plasma sintering

We proposed a new method, electroplating followed by spark plasma sintering(SPS), to fabricate laminated TiB_2-B_4 C/Cu-Ni composites with high strength and high toughness. It is found that a thin intermediate Cu layer can effectively enhance the strength of the interface between the ceramics and the metals, resulting in a high flexural strength and toughness of the laminated TiB_2-B_4 C composites simultaneously. A flexural strength and fracture toughness of 651 MPa and 11.6 MPam~(1/2) respectively,are achieved, an approximately 90% improvement over TiB_2-B_4 C bulk.     

液硅渗透法制备Ti3SiC2改性C/CSiC复合材料

采用浆料浸渗结合液硅渗透法原位生成高韧性Ti₃SiC₂基体, 制备Ti₃SiC₂改性C/C-SiC复合材料。研究了TiC颗粒的引入对熔融Si浸渗效果的影响, 分析了Ti₃SiC₂改性C/C-SiC复合材料的微结构和力学性能。实验结果表明: TiC与熔融Si反应生成Ti₃SiC₂是可行的, 而且C的存在更有利于生成Ti₃SiC₂; 在含TiC颗粒的C/C预制体孔隙(平均孔径22.3 μm)内, 熔融Si的渗透深度1 min内可达10.8 cm; Ti₃SiC₂取代残余Si后提高了 C/C-SiC复合材料的力学性能, C/C-SiC-Ti₃SiC₂复合材料的弯曲强度达203 MPa, 断裂韧性达到8.8 MPa·m1/2; 对于厚度为20 mm的试样, 不同渗透深度处材料均具有相近的相成分、 密度和力学性能, 无明显微结构梯度存在, 表明所采用的浆料浸渗结合液硅渗透工艺适用于制备厚壁Ti₃SiC₂改性C/C-SiC复合材料构件。      

Mechanical properties of 3D fiber reinforced C/SiC composites

High toughness and reliable three dimensional textile carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide composites were fabricated by chemical vapor infiltration. Mechanical properties of the composite materials were investigated under bending, shear, and impact loading. The density of the composites was 2.0–2.1 g cm⁻³ after the three dimensional carbon preform was infiltrated for 30 h. The values of flexural strength were 441 MPa at room temperature, 450 MPa at 1300°C, and 447 MPa at 1600°C. At elevated temperatures (1300 and 1600°C), the failure behavior of the composites became some brittle because of the strong interfacial bonding caused by the mis-match of thermal expansion coefficients between fiber and matrix. The shear strength was 30.5 MPa. The fracture toughness and work of fracture were as high as 20.3 MPa m^1/2 and 12.0 kJ·m⁻², respectively. The composites exhibited excellent uniformity of strength and the Weibull modulus, m, was 23.3. The value of dynamic fracture toughness was 62 kJ·m⁻² measured by Charpy impact tests.     

炭纤维增强C/SiC双基体复合材料的制备及性能(英文)

以针刺炭纤维整体毡为预制体,联用化学气相沉积法与熔融渗硅法制得炭纤维增强C/SiC双基体(C/C-SiC)复合材料;研究了C/C-Si材料的显微结构、力学性能和不同制动速度下的摩擦磨损性能及机理。结果表明:C/C-SiC材料具有适中的纤维/基体界面结合强度,弯曲强度和压缩强度分别达240MPa和210MPa,具有摩擦系数高(0.41～0.54),磨损小(0.02cm3/MJ),摩擦性能稳定等特点.随着制动速度提高,C/C-Si材料的摩擦磨损机制也随之变化:在低速制动条件下主要表现为磨粒磨损;中速时以黏着磨损为主;高速时以疲劳磨损和氧化磨损为主。     

CaO-TiO_2烧结助剂对SiC基复相材料烧结性能的影响

以质量分数30%Al2O3-70%SiC为基,外加2%~10%CaO-TiO2复合烧结助剂,制备了一系列SiC基复相材料。研究了不同的烧成温度和CaOTiO2含量对该复相材料烧结性能的影响。研究结果表明,1 400~1 500℃,随着烧结温度升高,烧结致密性明显提高。烧结温度为1 450℃时,试样基本致密。当烧结助剂达到10%(质量分数)时,显气孔率降至0.15%,陶瓷烧结致密。烧结助剂CaO-TiO2,α-Al2O3和方石英反应,在1 200℃已经生成CaAl2Si2O8,在1 300℃以后才开始生成CaTiSiO5,促进6H-SiC进一步氧化。烧结过程中,CaAl2Si2O8转化为玻璃相,在促进莫来石生成的同时也使试样致密。在1 500℃,复合材料的主晶相为6H-SiC和莫来石。     

碳模板转化法制备管状SiC/Si复合陶瓷

利用纸作为原材料,通过卷曲、树脂浸渍、碳化预制备出具有层状结构的管状碳模板,之后在1550℃通过原位反应液相渗Si0.5-1h,在常压烧结条件下制备出具有层状结构特征的SiC/Si管状陶瓷复合材料.采用XRD、SEM对碳模板反应前后的物相变化和显微结构进行了研究.结果表明了该材料的最终产物为β-SiC和Si,且两者分布表现出明显的交替成层现象,呈现出层状陶瓷的结构特征.     

3D C/SiC复合材料拉伸性能的声发射研究

采用声发射平均频率和相对能量以及幅值识别了3D C/SiC复合材料的拉伸损伤模式, 探讨了拉伸加卸载过程中材料的费利西蒂(Felicity)效应。通过分析具有不同拉伸性能试样的损伤过程, 研究了不同损伤模式的时间分布特征对材料拉伸性能的影响关系。分析结果表明, 3D C/SiC复合材料中基本不存在凯瑟(Kaiser)效应, Felicity比随着应力水平的升高而降低, 相对应力水平高于65%时出现突降。3D C/SiC复合材料高性能的决定性因素不是声发射波击总数, 而是高幅高能量信号发生的时间和次数。在加载前期(应变<0.15%)损伤较少是材料高强度的必要条件, 纤维簇断裂在加载中后期的分散分布有利于提高拉伸强度。      

催化化学气相渗透法制备C/C复合材料

为了提高基体炭的沉积效率和抗氧化性能，采用常规化学气相渗透法催化制备C／C复合材料。研究了Ni／ZSM-5负载型催化剂对热解炭的致密化速率和性能的影响，并借助偏光显微镜（PLM）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线衍射法（XRD）表征了热解炭微观结构。结果表明：在添加Ni／ZSM-5的炭布预制体中，热解炭有较快的沉积速率，其微观结构和抗氧化性能均与催化剂有关。     

二维C/SiC复合材料准静态和动态拉伸力学性能

采用分离式Hopkinson拉杆装置和电子万能试验机研究了二维C/SiC复合材料在4种应变率（0.001、0.010、90.000和350.000 s-1）下的拉伸力学性能,计算并验证了动态试验中的应力平衡状态;采用SEM分析了复合材料在不同应变率下的破坏断口和失效机制;建立了复合材料包含损伤和应变率相关的本构方程。结果表明:二维C/SiC复合材料的应力-应变曲线都表现出非线性的特征。随着应变率的增加,二维C/SiC复合材料的拉伸强度从204 MPa增加到270 MPa,增加了33%,这表明复合材料的拉伸强度具有较强的应变率敏感性。复合材料在准静态和动态加载下表现出不同的破坏模式是由材料内部界面行为的应变率效应造成的。      

An approach to the mechanical behaviour of SiC/SiC and C/SiC ceramic matrix composites

The mechanical behaviour of two woven composites C/SiC and SiC/SiC was investigated at room temperature. The non-linear load-displacement curves and the damaging process were closely related to the specific structure of the composites, consisting of a network of impregnated bundles of fibres. The damage in the bundles proceeded by multiple cracking in the matrix before fibre failure, and dictated the response to the applied load. Other mechanisms, consisting mainly of distortions in bundles and their framework, induced a residual deformation and an energy dissipation. The behaviour was characterized according to the damaging process. Stress-electric strain curves revealed a mechanical response similar to those observed in unidirectional composites, although some effect of the specimen geometry on the curves was observed. Residual strains were similar in tensile and bending conditions. The work of fracture was consistently described by a volumetric rate of energy absorption, related to the applied strain, but the respective contributions of different damage mechanisms could not be determined.     

PyC/SiC界面相对PIP法制备3D HTA C/SiC复合材料性能的影响

利用三维编织炭纤维预制件通过先驱体浸渍裂解法制备C／SiC复合材料。研究了热解碳（PyC）／SiC界面相对复合材料的微观结构和力学性能的影响。弯曲性能通过三点弯曲法测试，复合材料的断口和抛光面通过扫描电镜观察。结果表明：通过等温化学气相沉积法在纤维表面沉积PyC／SiC界面相以后，复合材料的三点抗弯强度从46MPa提高到247MPa。沉积界面的复合材料断口有明显的纤维拔出现象，纤维与基体之间的结合强度适当，起到了增韧作用；而未沉积界面相复合材料的断口光滑、平整，几乎没有纤维拔出，纤维在热解过程中受到严重的化学损伤，性能下降严重，材料表现为典型的脆性断裂。