多源异构数据库数据查询处理研究

针对多源敖据库之间的异构差异,分析和研究查询执行过程中的查询预处理、查询分解、查询优化相关问题,提出中间件体系结构的多教据库系统解决方法.查询预处理完成时全局查询语句的等价修改,辅助查询分解执行,提高其效率,查询分解将全局查询分解为可在局部数据库上执行的局部查询,同时尽可能保证取回全局查询相关数据,井给出查询分解方法及优化算法.     

基于JDO查询语言的数据查询

介绍了JDO查询语言的必需组成部分和Query接口中的核心方法。通过一个应用实例讨论了JDO查询的过程以及Query接口中方法的应用,该实例包括一个简单查询和一个复杂查询。特别分析了JDO查询过滤器语义与Java语义在方法调用等方面的区别。最后概述了新的JDO规范在提高JDOQL效率方面所做的改进。     

软件开发中查询模块的设计

在软件开发过程中,查询模块设计的优劣对整个软件的质量起着非常大的作用。因此查询模块在整个软件的设计中尤为重要,如何设计出一个通用的、功能强大、方便、简单实用的查询模块,是本文讨论的重点。     

基于分布式数据库的查询优化分析

在分析比较了分布式数据库和集中式数据库的不同特点的基础上,归纳出分布式数据库系统查询优化的目标、准则和查询过程,进而提出查询优化的策略,并总结了估算分布式查询代价的方法。     

REPS:一种高效的容错并行概率流Skyline查询方法

概率数据流的并行Skyline查询作为当前大数据分析的一个重要方面,在诸多实际应用中发挥着重要作用。针对并行概率流Skyline查询过程中因发生故障而导致查询结果不准确和查询中断等问题,提出了一种基于复制的容错并行Skyline查询方法REPS。该方法选择参与并行处理的计算节点作为副本节点,并采用层次-循环式数据副本放置策略,选择优先级高的副本恢复数据来保证数据恢复的高效性;同时将故障检测、丢失数据恢复和查询过程恢复贯穿于整个查询更新过程中,以减少容错处理的额外通信和计算开销,并实现快速的容错并行查询。实验结果表明,REPS方法不仅在无故障发生和单个节点失效时具有较高的查询处理效率,而且对于多节点失效情形,仍然能够保持较高的查询处理速率且满足查询需求。     

一种高效的XML多分支路径查询算法

目前XML单路径查询和简单的分支路径查询已经得到了较好的解决,但如何高效地实现XML多分支路径查询还没有很好的方法。提出一种高效的XML多分支查询算法MBPQ。算法MBPQ首先对XML文档和被查询的多分支路径结点分别按照各自不同的方式进行编码,并将被查询的多分支路径拆分成单路径,最后将单路径查询匹配成多分支查询结果。在单路径查询结果匹配过程中,算法MBPQ利用栈控制匹配过程,按照查询树从左到右、自底向上的顺序匹配具有共同祖先结点的单路径查询结果,从而提高匹配效率。实验表明,与现有的XML多分支查询一般算法相比,算法MBPQ的查询效率高。     

LINQ to DataSet应用实例

以单位物资供应管理查询系统为实例,介绍了运用LINQ to Data Set查询语言开发物资供应管理的各种查询,总结了在实际开发过程中遇到的问题和几点体会。     

多媒体对象查询语言及其查询处理

文章研究了多媒体数据库的查询需求,提出结构化的多媒体对象查询语言MOQL(multi-media object query language).它能够支持基于类型、结构特征、同步关系、时态关系和内容信息的多媒体查询.以DB2数据库为存储机制,定义了一组代数算子和变换规则,利用它们可以将用户定义的MOQL查询变换为代数表达式,进行代数优化,并将代数查询表达式转换为能够在DB2数据库上运行的DB2SQL和C++查询过程.     

CMS实验中关系数据库的精确关键词查询

在大型强子对撞机(LHC)上紧凑型缪子螺线管探测器(CMS)实验的复杂数据环境下,有多个关系型数据源记录了关于数据组织和分布的信息。为实现数据查询系统的精确关键词查询功能,通过分析数据库模式图的方法,将关键词查询语言动态翻译成SQL语言,设计并实现一个跨数据库平台的关键词查询系统。针对动态翻译过程中存在的二义性问题,提出基于查询实体的模式图分析算法,以及基于最小权重树查找的动态连接算法。实验结果表明,该动态连接算法能为关键词查询正确生成所需数据库表的连接方式,使关键词查询系统具有较高的查询效率,以满足用户实时、精确查询的需求。     

查询表达式优化的研究与实现

查询是数据库应用系统中使用最频繁的操作,其执行效率很大程度上影响了整个系统的性能.介绍了查询表达式优化的一般过程,在查询重写阶段提出了一种面向对象的框架,设计和实现了"多字段间关系自动推理"等若干种优化算法.测试结果表明,查询取得了良好的优化效果.     

并行查询下查询执行计划的选择

查询是数据库系统的主要负载,其效率决定了数据库性能的好坏。一个查询存在多种执行计划,当前,查询优化器只能按照数据库系统的配置参数,静态地为查询选择一个较优的执行计划。并行查询间存在复杂多变的资源争用,很难通过配置参数准确反映,而且同一执行计划在不同情景下的效率并不一致。并行查询下执行计划的选择需考虑查询间的相互影响——查询交互。基于此,提出了一种在并行查询下度量查询受查询交互影响大小的标准QIs。针对并行查询下查询执行计划的选择,还提出了一种动态地为查询选择执行计划的方法TRating,该方法通过比较查询组合中按不同执行计划执行的查询受查询交互影响的大小,选择受查询交互影响较小的执行计划作为该查询的较优执行计划。实验结果表明,TRating方法为查询选择较优执行计划的准确率达61%,相比查询优化器提高了25%;而且在为查询选择次优执行计划时,其准确率也高达69%。     

A query index for continuous queries on RFID streaming data

RFID middleware collects and filters RFID streaming data to process applications＇ requests called continuous queries, because they are executed continuously during tag movement. Several approaches to building an index on queries rather than data records, called a query index, have been proposed to evaluate continuous queries over streaming data. EPCglobal proposed an Event Cycle Specification （ECSpec） model, which is a de facto standard query interface for RFID applications. Continuous queries based on ECSpec consist of a large number of segments that represent the query conditions. The problem when using any of the existing query indexes on these continuous queries is that it takes a long time to build the index, because it is necessary to insert a large number of segments into the index. To solve this problem, we propose a transform method that converts a group of segments into compressed data. We also propose an efficient query index scheme for the transformed space. Comparing with existing query indexes, the performance of proposed index outperforms the others on various datasets.     

无线传感器网络Top-k多查询算法

针对无线传感器网络中多个Top-k查询问题,提出了一种Top-k多查询处理的算法,对接收到的多个Top-k查询请求进行预处理,预处理依据是约束条件,得出两类不同的查询集合:单约束条件的多查询和多约束条件的多查询。针对单约束条件的多查询提出了ETOP算法,该算法首先对排在时间序列最前面的Top-k查询请求进行基于网内处理,然后把查询结果存入基站缓存,并把结果的最小值设定为阈值传输到各个节点,再根据后续查询请求的查询范围进行相应的查询,从而快速地获得Top-k查询结果。实验表明:Top-k多查询方法在能够很好地实现查询的同时,减少了无线传感器网络中的传输消耗和能量消耗。     

Foundations for object-oriented query processing

A minimal framework for an object-oriented query language standard should (1) include a formal definition of a high-level data model and the syntax and semantics of associated query languages, (2) provide the functionality of relational query languages, and (3) support proofs of correctness of transformations for logical query optimization. In this paper, a high-level conceptual model for object-oriented query processing is discussed; the model includes widely-used structural abstractions such as the isa relationship, associations (properties) between complex objects and complex objects/values, and inheritance of properties. A formal, algebraic query language for the model, inspired by relational algebra, is presented. Operators of the algebra allow queries based on values, queries that manipulate entire objects, and queries that construct new objects from existing objects/values. All queries retain connections to existing database objects, providing logical access paths to data. Each query result is a class, so the algebra has the closure property. The intensional and extensional results of query operators are summarized. Two forms of logical query optimization supported by the query algebra are outlined: algebraic transformations and classifier-based optimizations (optimizations which employ inclusion and exclusion dependencies between classes).     

语义缓存的聚集查询匹配研究

为提高海量数据库系统的查询效率,围绕海量数据库系统中的聚集查询技术,把通常应用于小型数据库查询的语义缓存技术拓展到海量数据库的聚集查询中．首先研究了面向聚集查询的语义缓存形式化描述,在此基础上讨论了利用缓存处理查询的条件并对查询匹配进行了分类,提出并实现了包含匹配判定算法和相交匹配判定算法,最后给出了相应的实验结果．在某大型实际工程中的应用表明上述判定算法是有效的．     

道路网中的移动对象连续范围查询

研究了采用网络距离的道路网上移动对象连续多范围查询处理技术。设计了道路网、移动对象和查询数据在内存中存储的数据模型。基于该数据模型提出了两种道路网上的移动对象连续多范围查询处理算法。其中,增量式范围查询算法(incremental range query algorithm,IRQA)通过使用扩张树和影响列表结构减少查询的重新计算;组范围查询算法(group range query algorithm,GRQA)利用同一路径上多查询的结果具有相关性这一特点减少查询的重新计算。实验结果表明GRQA算法在查询分布比较集中时性能较优,IRQA算法在查询均匀分布时性能较优,此外,两种算法均优于重新计算所有查询结果的原始算法。     

基于翻译模型的查询会话检测方法研究

查询会话检测的目的是确定用户为了满足某个特定需求而连续提交的相关查询。查询会话检测对于查询日志分析以及用户行为分析来说是非常有用的。传统的查询会话检测方法大都基于查询词的比较,无法解决词语不匹配问题(vocabulary-mismatch problem)——有些主题相关的查询之间并没有相同的词语。为了解决词语不匹配问题,我们在该文提出了一种基于翻译模型的查询会话检测方法,该方法将词与词之间的关系刻画为词与词之间的翻译概率,这样即使词与词之间没有相同的词语,我们也可以捕捉到它们之间的语义关系。同时,我们也提出了两种从查询日志中估计词翻译概率的方法,第一种方法基于查询的时间间隔,第二种方法基于查询的点击URLs。实验结果证明了该方法的有效性。     

面向对象数据库系统的查询处理

本文将传统数据库系统中导航式技术与描述式技术相结合，提出了一种全新的面向对象数据库系统（ＯＯＤＢＳ）查询策略．文中对该查询预处理作了详细讨论，并给出了有关ＯＯＤＢＳ查询的形式定义与描述．该策略已经在我们研制的分布式ＯＯＤＢＳ中实现     

Query optimization in XML structured-document databases

While the information published in the form of XML-compliant documents keeps fast mounting up, efficient and effective query processing and optimization for XML have now become more important than ever. This article reports our recent advances in XML structured-document query optimization. In this article, we elaborate on a novel approach and the techniques developed for XML query optimization. Our approach performs heuristic-based algebraic transformations on XPath queries, represented as PAT algebraic expressions, to achieve query optimization. This article first presents a comprehensive set of general equivalences with regard to XML documents and XML queries. Based on these equivalences, we developed a large set of deterministic algebraic transformation rules for XML query optimization. Our approach is unique, in that it performs exclusively deterministic transformations on queries for fast optimization. The deterministic nature of the proposed approach straightforwardly renders high optimization efficiency and simplicity in implementation. Our approach is a logical-level one, which is independent of any particular storage model. Therefore, the optimizers developed based on our approach can be easily adapted to a broad range of XML data/information servers to achieve fast query optimization. Experimental study confirms the validity and effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

Personalized query suggestion diversification in information retrieval

Query suggestions help users refine their queries after they input an initial query.Previous work on query suggestion has mainly concentrated on approaches that are similarity-based or context-based,developing models that either focus on adapting to a specific user(personalization)or on diversifying query aspects in order to maximize the probability of the user being satisfied(diversification).We consider the task of generating query suggestions that are both personalized and diversified.We propose a personalized query suggestion diversification(PQSD)model,where a user's long-term search behavior is injected into a basic greedy query suggestion diversification model that considers a user's search context in their current session.Query aspects are identified through clicked documents based on the open directory project(ODP)with a latent dirichlet allocation(LDA)topic model.We quantify the improvement of our proposed PQSD model against a state-of-the-art baseline using the public america online(AOL)query log and show that it beats the baseline in terms of metrics used in query suggestion ranking and diversification.The experimental results show that PQSD achieves its best performance when only queries with clicked documents are taken as search context rather than all queries,especially when more query suggestions are returned in the list.