热电厂采用热、电、冷三联供技术的节能分析

发电厂在热电联产基础上发展蒸汽制冷,构成热电冷三联供系统。文章通过对热、电、冷三联供技术的分析,表达了热电厂在大城市发展集中供热和蒸汽制冷的节能意义。     

溴化锂吸收式热泵在热电联产机组中的应用

介绍了溴化锂吸收式热泵在热电联产机组中应用的背景,并以某工程的供热改造为实例,阐述了溴化锂吸收式热泵在热电联产机组中应用的系统参数及系统流程,包括驱动蒸汽系统、余热系统以及供热介质系统,并分析了溴化锂吸收式热泵技术在热电联产机组中应用取得的社会效益、经济效益。     

690KW燃气轮机热电联产机组

日本东京煤气公司会同环保设备生产企业及加拿大在日合资企业共同开发成功６９０ｋＷ燃气轮机发电兼供汽的小型热电联产机组、很适合日本市场的需要并受用户欢迎。日本自１９９５年以来,大力鼓励发展热利用率高和少排ＣＯ２的热电联产机组,东京煤气公司已开发成功利用煤气发电机发电并供应热水的３００ｋＷ热电联产机组,并已正式上市销售。随着市场的扩大,有不少用户需要电力同时又供应蒸汽的小型热电联产机组,煤气发动机发电的热电联产机组不便于供应蒸汽,而便于供应蒸汽的燃气轮机发电的热电联产机组大多在１０００ｋＷ以上,为解决…     

溴化锂制冷在热电联产企业中的应用

根据北京市热力管网发展现状以及北京市热电厂的分布情况,分析了热电联产企业的特性以及发展热电冷联产的必要性,根据国华北京热电厂溴化锂制冷在华贸中心应用的案例,分析了蒸汽或热水制冷的社会效益和经济效益。     

用电顾问

正热电冷联产的定义问:什么是热电冷联产?答:热电冷联产系统就是以天然气、煤、其他可燃燃料作为能源,产生蒸汽和电力后,同时满足小区域或建筑物内的供热(冷)和供电需求的分布式能源供应系统。随着空调设备的安装使用日益普及,空调设备所消耗的能量占能源总耗量的比例越来越大。在集中式空调系统中,空调制冷(供热)主机即可采用电力驱动的冷水(热泵)机组,如电力螺杆式冷水机组、     

我国热电联产产业的发展趋势

介绍了国内外热电联产产业发展的现状和热电联产的优势,分析了今后我国热电联产机组的发展模式,指出今后我国热电联产产业应以大容量、高参数的热电联产机组和分布式能源系统这两个模式为主,并大力发展CFB锅炉、燃气轮机技术和研发高温气冷核反应堆技术。     

某热电联产汽轮发电机组供热经济性分析

介绍了太原第二热电厂热电联产机组的供用热现状 ,就该厂热电联产机组的热经济性、供热成本的盈亏平衡进行了分析 ,结合上述分析对该厂目前供热工作中存在的问题 ,提出了采用合理定价 ,发展夏季制冷技术 ,实现热、电、冷三联产以增加供热负荷是提高热电厂热经济性的较为有效的途径的观点。     

太阳能燃气-蒸汽联合循环机组热电负荷特性分析

本文以太阳能燃气-蒸汽联合循环(ISCC)为研究对象,建立了太阳能燃气-蒸汽联合循环热电联产机组的稳态模型,分析了太阳能辐射强度对ISCC热电联产机组系统整体运行性能和热力参数的影响,并以此为依据分析了太阳能引入前后运行特性及热电调峰能力的变化情况.结果 表明:ISCC系统的炯效率随太阳能辐射强度的增大逐渐上升;系统循...     

燃气蒸汽联合循环热电联产机组热经济性分析

通过比较不同工况下燃气蒸汽联合循环热电联产机组的热力学特性,找出机组热损失产生的位置和原因,为机组的优化运行和节能改造提供理论指导。本文首先采用热量法的正平衡法来计算机组的热效率;其次用反平衡法计算该机组的?损失,将计算结果与正平衡法相校核并加以分析;最后用?方法对燃气蒸汽联合循环热电联产机组进行能量损失和效率计算。比较热量法和?方法的计算结果发现:燃气轮机负荷增大对联合循环?损失和?效率影响较大,使得机组?效率也有所提高;机组?效率随着环境温度的上升稍有降低;燃气轮机?效率的变化决定了机组?效率的变化趋势,采用热电联产可有效提高燃气蒸汽联合循环机组的运行经济性。     

300MW改空冷供热机组节能与空冷运行特点经验

为实现国家节能目标,提出发展300 MW空冷热电联产机组和改型热电联产机组,并以200 MW空冷热电联产机组替代小型机组。鉴于空冷机组的运行技术明显不同于湿冷机组介绍了空冷机组运行的特点和经验。     

中型抽汽供热机组特点和应用条件研究

针对中型抽汽供热机组应用较多，但却面临大容量两用机组挑战的问题，通过研究中型抽汽供热机组的特点和影响热力发电厂节能的因素，客观地评价其优缺点，得出其应用条件和范围。     

Cement Plant Cogeneration Opportunities

Rapid escalation of energy costs during the seventies requires a serious investigation of ways to reduce the industrial energy bill which has more than doubled in many states since 1977. Cogeneration offers one way of improving the efficiency of energy utilization for the cement industry. During the forties and fifties, it was common practice in the cement industry to recover the waste heat from kilns to generate electric power. With the advent of central power plants and availability of cheaper power, most of these units were phased out. The energy costs, however, have escalated considerably in the past decade and are now subject to uncertainty with respect to future price and supply. Several engineering studies aimed at evaluating the technical and economic feasibility of cogeneration for cement plants in California were recently conducted. Both steam and organic rankine cycle concepts were considered. The capital requirements and operating and maintenance cost were estimated, and discounted cash flow analyses were performed to determine potential project feasibility. The results of these studies are presented, and cogeneration opportunities are discussed. A discussion of the operating experience at an existing cement plant cogeneration project is also included.     

Reserves for improving the utilization efficiency of regenerative extractions from turbines at cogeneration stations

It is shown that considerable reserves for improving energy efficiency are available at the majority of Russian cogeneration stations, because the arrangements using which heat is supplied for the needs of water treatment plants are far from being optimal. New solutions are proposed that allow heat to be supplied to these loads in a more economically efficient manner with the use of low-potential regenerative extractions from cogeneration steam turbines, as well as technologies for improving the efficiency of combined-cycle plants the exhaust gases from which are discharged into a boiler.     

小火电机组供热改造案例分析

热电联产是国家大力发展的节能技术。如何利用小火电发展热电联产是改造小火电机组的当务之急。本文以马鞍山发电厂小火电机组供热改造工程为例 ,通过供热经济性分析、财务评价经济指标分析 ,以及环境保护综合评价分析等 ,较全面地论述了“发展热电联产 ,改造小火电”的可行性     

Refrigeration generation using expander-generator units

The problems of using the expander–generator unit (EGU) to generate refrigeration, along with electricity were considered. It is shown that, on the level of the temperatures of refrigeration flows using the EGU, one can provide the refrigeration supply of the different consumers: ventilation and air conditioning plants and industrial refrigerators and freezers. The analysis of influence of process parameters on the cooling power of the EGU, which depends on the parameters of the gas expansion process in the expander and temperatures of cooled environment, was carried out. The schematic diagram of refrigeration generation plant based on EGU is presented. The features and advantages of EGU to generate refrigeration compared with thermotransformer of steam compressive and absorption types were shown, namely: there is no need to use the energy generated by burning fuel to operate the EGU; beneficial use of the heat delivered to gas from the flow being cooled in equipment operating on gas; energy production along with refrigeration generation, which makes it possible to create, using EGU, the trigeneration plants without using the energy power equipment. It is shown that the level of the temperatures of refrigeration flows, which can be obtained by using the EGU on existing technological decompression stations of the transported gas, allows providing the refrigeration supply of various consumers. The information that the refrigeration capacity of an expander–generator unit not only depends on the parameters of the process of expansion of gas flowing in the expander (flow rate, temperatures and pressures at the inlet and outlet) but it is also determined by the temperature needed for a consumer and the initial temperature of the flow of the refrigeration–carrier being cooled. The conclusion was made that the expander–generator units can be used to create trigeneration plants both at major power plants and at small energy.     

新型燃气－氨水蒸汽功冷联供联合循环

基于能的梯级利用原理及氨水工质系统的能量利用特性,将产功与制冷有机结合,提出一种由燃气轮机循环和氨水工质功冷联供循环组成的新型燃气-氨水蒸汽功冷联供联合循环。在系统能量输入及主要参数相同的前提下,将新循环与由常规燃气-蒸汽联合循环和氨吸收式制冷循环组成的功冷联供联合循环进行模拟计算比较,发现新循环的功、冷输出均有增加,热效率和火用效率分别相对提高了6.3%和1.9%。通过火用平衡分析,揭示了新循环的系统性能提高的主要原因在于加热、排烟过程火用损失的大幅减小,证明采用氨水作为底循环工质是将常规燃气-蒸汽联合循环发展为功冷联供循环,提高系统性能的有效措施。     

用成本矩阵算法分析热电厂热电成本

通过修改火电机组热力系统成本分布通用矩阵模型,建立了抽凝机组成本分布通用矩阵模型,并将其应用于热电厂热电成本分摊。对某300 MW单抽机组的热力系统进行了实例计算,并将计算结果与其他几种分摊方法所得结果进行了对比分析。结果表明：与以往的热电分摊方法相比,本方法采用的矩阵形式简单方便,以系统工程的观点来追踪能量生产过程以及成本形成过程,能够反映热电厂真实的热、电成本。另外,还定量分析了某300 MW双抽机组在不同抽汽工况下的热、电成本。结果表明,该机组在有抽汽的工况下的发电燃料成本比纯凝汽工况下的成本低大约0.03～0.04元/kW＆#183;h左右。随着工业抽汽量或采暖抽汽量的增加,该机组的发电、供热及工业抽汽的燃料成本均降低。     

A comparative analysis of the economic effect from using cogeneration gas-turbine units and combined-cycle plants in a power system

The net cost of heat production at cogeneration stations equipped with gas turbine units, steam turbine units, and combined-cycle plants is analyzed by way of comparison. It is shown that the minimal net cost will be achieved in the case of using certain types of power installations depending on the network tariff for electric energy.     

Gland seal heaters and steam jet ejectors with surface coolers used in the steam units produced by the Ural Turbine Works

The designs of coolers for gland seal heaters, as well as the main ejectors and seal ejectors, used as part of cogeneration steam turbine-based steam turbine units developed by specialists of the Ural Turbine Works are described. The design features of the apparatuses connected with the specific features of their operation as part of combined-cycle plants equipped with cogeneration turbines are shown.     

热电冷联产节能效果的研究

该文以国产背压式机组和调整抽汽式机组为对象,对热电冷联产的节能效果进行了较深入的研究,从而探讨了热电冷联产的节能条件。图６表１参８