家用中央空调及其有关问题讨论(一)

本文介绍了目前家用中央空调产品的现状及其优缺点的分析 ,其中包括小型风冷热泵冷热水机组、风冷热泵管道式分体空调系统 (管道机 )、VRV系统、水源热泵系统和燃气中央空调 ,最后对家用中央空调的冷热负荷进行了讨论。     

双级离心式高温水源热泵设计应用分析

介绍双级离心式高温水源热泵的设计过程和应用优势。通过理论计算及系统流程分析,推导出可实现77℃高温出水的大容量双级离心系统。并结合实际工程案例对双级离心式高温水源热泵方案做经济性评估。指出在应用双级离心式高温水源热泵制冷/供热时,不仅节约能源,降低运行费用,而且对环境保护有着积极的推动作用。     

水源热泵技术在某可再生能源项目中的应用研究

以水源热泵技术在某项目中的应用为例,详细介绍了水源热泵系统设计过程中的负荷分析、技术方案、取退水及供能管网方案,对某项目采用水源热泵技术的节能效果及投资进行了分析,并对取退水口处水流影响情况作了模拟分析。分析结果表明:退水水流不会对取水及河流水温产生影响;供能管网水力损失较小;水源热泵系统减排、节能效果十分明显。通过介绍水源热泵技术的应用,对节能环保领域的发展具有一定推动作用。     

水源热泵空调系统及工程实例分析

阐述了水源热泵空调系统的工作原理和特点,然后利用工程实例,介绍了工程技术方案,包括取水系统、空调风系统和空调水系统、水处理系统的设计。最后通过对工程运行费用进行分析,可知水源热泵系统经济效益明显,水源热泵空调具有极高的推广价值。     

开式地表水水源热泵系统取水和水质处理设计探讨

取水和水质处理是开式地表水水源热泵系统应用中的关键问题,需要综合考虑水量、水质、水温、地形和经济性等因素确定方案。本文给出3个开式地表水水源热泵案例,对项目实际情况进行分析,并分别给出不同的取水和水质处理方案,为开式地表水水源热泵系统的设计提供参考。     

重庆某空调系统节能改造与能耗模拟

利用重庆某建筑的原有空调设备和周边地理环境,以节能改造为目的,提出了将该建筑原有电锅炉采暖方式改为湖水源热泵采暖的方案,设计了该湖水源热泵冷热源系统的改造原理和实施方案.通过建筑的DeST模型,计算建筑冬季的逐时热负荷,再利用湖水源热泵设计评估软件对热泵的采暖运行进行能耗模拟,模拟结果显示:整个冬季水源热泵系统的运行能耗比电加热锅炉系统节省410841.2kWh,节能率为71.13％,最后模拟分析了该热泵系统中变流量与定流量取水系统的能耗特征,并提出了设计建议.     

福州大学新校区山北行政楼湖水源热泵空调系统设计

介绍了该工程水源热泵空调系统的技术方案,包括空调风系统和水系统的设计、湖水取水及水处理系统的设计。并与传统空调系统进行了对比,结果表明：水源热泵空调系统比传统空调系统具有明显的经济优势。水源热泵空调系统的初投资多出19.79万元,但每年的运行费用可以节约15.2%,为4.35万元,简单投资回收期为4.55年,而且随着电费费率的提高,投资回收期会相应缩短。     

江西自然科学博物馆空调冷热源方案的技术经济分析

根据当地气候条件、空调负荷特性、自然环境、能源政策及政府文件资料,优选了两种空调冷热源方案,即水源热泵系统和水源热泵＋冰蓄冷系统。综合考虑方案特性、设备初投资、年运行费等因素,采用经济评价法对两种方案进行技术经济分析,并定量的计算了两种方案的能耗及其对环境的影响。最终确定水源热泵＋冰蓄冷系统为江西自然科学博物馆的空调冷热源方案。     

大连某大厦水环热泵空调系统设计

介绍了该工程的概况及水环热泵空调系统的设计情况.总建筑面积为10万m2,由两栋高层主楼和下部裙楼组成.塔楼采用水环热泵VRV空调系统,裙楼采用中央空调系统.     

水源热泵在某办公楼的可行性研究及能耗分析

根据项目办公楼所在地的水文地质及相关资料,应用层次分析法建立地下水源热泵系统和土壤源热泵系统的评价体系模型并计算二者的适宜性指数,得出两种系统均适宜项目所在区域。综合分析两种系统的经济性、环境影响及地下水源热泵的回灌方式,比较确定地下水源热泵系统方案。利用DEST软件模拟结合负荷频率法计算年运行能耗,利用概算指标计算初投资并与传统系统进行对比。得出该办公楼地下水源热泵系统的费用年值比采用冷水机组+燃煤锅炉方案节省18%。对于地下水源热泵系统的设计及方案的选择具有很好的借鉴意义。     

Development of a BIM-based production planning and control system for Lean Construction through advancement and integration of existing management techniques

As part of general construction management, production planning and control is vital for successful project delivery. Numerous approaches supporting production planning and control exist in practice and research. However, the different approaches focus on distinct areas such as workflow stabilization or cost control, and no single system combines all the requirements of a holistic production management system. Varying production management systems can be explained by the unique characteristics of many construction projects. As an approach for the digital twinning in the construction industry, building information modeling (BIM) can help standardize production management through shifting the management system design toward the digital prototype. Previous scientific work has acknowledged this approach, thereby generating numerous concepts for using building information models within construction management approaches. However, BIM is often merely used as a parallel support rather than as an integral part of production management systems. To address this gap and in terms of research methodology, we follow a Design Science Research approach. Thus, we propose a new BIM-based production management system, which is characterized by a theoretical integration model for BIM and existing construction management techniques, and a methodology for applying these concepts in practice.     

Design and implementation of an identification system in construction site safety for proactive accident prevention

Identifying accident precursors using real-time identity information has great potential to improve safety performance in construction industry, which is still suffering from day to day records of accident fatality and injury. Based on the requirements analysis for identifying precursor and the discussion of enabling technology solutions for acquiring and sharing real-time automatic identification information on construction site, this paper proposes an identification system design for proactive accident prevention to improve construction site safety. Firstly, a case study is conducted to analyze the automatic identification requirements for identifying accident precursors in construction site. Results show that it mainly consists of three aspects, namely access control, training and inspection information and operation authority. The system is then designed to fulfill these requirements based on ZigBee enabled wireless sensor network (WSN), radio frequency identification (RFID) technology and an integrated ZigBee RFID sensor network structure. At the same time, an information database is also designed and implemented, which includes 15 tables, 54 queries and several reports and forms. In the end, a demonstration system based on the proposed system design is developed as a proof of concept prototype. The contributions of this study include the requirement analysis and technical design of a real-time identity information tracking solution for proactive accident prevention on construction sites. The technical solution proposed in this paper has a significant importance in improving safety performance on construction sites. Moreover, this study can serve as a reference design for future system integrations where more functions, such as environment monitoring and location tracking, can be added.     

资产全寿命周期管理体系标准化建设思路

企业创建管理体系时,建设思路非常重要,它关系到管理体系的建设目标是否能够实现。本文从顶层设计、体系建设、体系运行以及体系评价等几个方面,介绍国家电网公司资产全寿命周期管理体系的标准化建设思路,以期为其他企业特别是大型国有企业的资产管理体系建设提供一些经验。     

Symbolic homotopy construction

The classical Theorem of Bézout yields an upper bound for the number of finite solutions to a given polynomial system, but is very often too large to be useful for the construction of a start system, for the solution of a polynomial system by means of homotopy continuation. The BKK bound gives a much lower upper bound for the number of solutions, but unfortunately, constructing a start system based on this bound seems as hard as solving the original given polynomial system. This paper presents a way for computing an upper bound together with the construction of a start system. The first computation is performed symbolically. Due to this symbolic computation, the constructed start system can be solved numerically more efficiently. The paper generalizes current approaches for homotopy construction towards the BKK bound.     

国外航空发动机参数量值溯源体系综述

在搜集、整理、研究国外航空发动机量值溯源体系建设总体情况的基础上,重点介绍了国外量值溯源体系的顶层设计、相关标准规范体系建设的总体概况,并以国外著名航空发动机公司的量值溯源体系为例,阐述了国外航空发动机计量体系的先进性和完备性,为我国航空发动机参数量值溯源体系的建设提供参考。     

IoT sensor-based BIM system for smart safety barriers of hazardous energy in petrochemical construction

The accidental release of hazardous energy is one of the causes of construction site accidents. This risk is considerably increased during petrochemical plant construction because the project itself is complex in terms of process, equipment, and environment. In addition, a general construction safety barrier hardly isolates and controls site hazardous energy effectively. Thus, this study proposes an Internet of Things (IoT) sensor-based building information modeling (BIM) system, which can be regarded as a new smart barrier design method for hazardous energy in petrochemical construction. In this system, BIM is used to support the identification of on-site hazardous energy, whereas IoT is used to collect the location of on-site personnel in real time. A hazardous energy isolation rule is defined to enable the system to generate a smart barrier on the web terminal window, thereby ensuring the safety of on-site person. This system has been applied to a large-scale construction project in Sinopec for one year and accumulated substantial practical data, which supported the idea about the application of sensor and BIM technology in construction. The related effects of the system on hazardous energy management are also presented in this work.     

磁州窑装饰纹样智能辅助设计研究

目的 探索以磁州窑装饰纹样为例的智能辅助非遗传承与创新方法。方法 首先,对磁州窑装饰纹样美学特征与内涵进行解析,探索其智能辅助设计路径;其次,构建磁州窑装饰纹样数据资产库,引入人工智能技术对装饰纹样进行提取与分类,以此作为装饰纹样的基础素材库供机器进行学习,并构建满足用户个性化操作的算法系统;最后,设计出磁州窑装饰纹样智能辅助设计系统界面,增强用户参与性,并最终设计出用户创作的个性化新磁州窑风格器物。结果 从前期纹样特征与内涵解析、纹样数据资产库的构建、纹样智能辅助设计系统算法搭建、智能辅助系统人机交互界面设计4个方面,来对磁州窑装饰纹样智能辅助设计系统进行构建,以瓷盘为例进行设计应用并验证了智能辅助设计系统的可行性。结论 磁州窑装饰纹样智能辅助设计系统的构建,为数字化赋能非物质文化遗产传承与创新提供新路径,同时增强公众非遗创作参与性,提高非遗公众认知度。研究结果揭示了数字技术在非物质文化遗产传承与创新中应用的可行性,为学科交叉发展进行了有益探索。     

超深立井安全高效施工信息化监测监控

随着立井建设深度的增加,井壁不安全性及施工难度逐渐增加,为确保立井井壁安全、吊桶运行安全及施工过程安全,需要实时掌握井壁的受力状态及监测施工过程,信息化监测是保证工程施工安全的重要措施和基本前提。基于本溪大台沟铁矿直径6.5 m、井深1 640 m的超深立井井筒施工背景,在阐述目前超深立井建设过程存在的井壁安全、吊盘安全、施工实时安全等问题的基础上,提出了凿井施工过程视频监控系统、吊盘关键点荷载监控系统、提升吊桶运行监控系统的信息化集成方案,以达到实时掌握井壁安全及施工安全的目的,监测方案的实施可为深立井安全高效施工提供技术依据。     

构建立体网络结构标准体系的思考

标准体系表是一定范围标准体系内的标准按照特定形式排列起来的图表,建立在对组织的产品及标准现状分析和系统梳理的基础上,对组织的未来规划及标准化工作的推进意义重大。本文总结了当前标准体系表编制中存在的问题,提出了一种基于“抽屉”模式的立体网络结构标准体系表编制方法,并以质量与可靠性标准体系表为例,说明标准体系表的编制及实施步骤,总结对标准体系表建设的一些体会。     

刚构-连续梁桥健康监测系统设计

为了解决刚构-连续梁桥结构健康监测系统的建设问题,以金水沟大桥为研究对象,针对刚构-连续梁桥的结构环境和受力特点,研究了刚构-连续梁桥健康监测系统的监测内容,系统组成、作用及原理,提出了建立健康监测系统项目的选择依据,并对金水沟大桥健康监测系统的构成、主要功能、监测仪器选择以及传感器布置等进行了分析,为金水沟大桥健康监测系统的建立提供科学依据,同时也为此类桥梁健康监测系统的建设提供参考。