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长距离有压输水工程水锤防护方案研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《供水技术》2015,(6)
长距离有压输水管道易发生断流空腔再弥合水锤,其危害性非常大。本文采用水锤计算的特征线法,并结合实际工程进行水锤分析。提出了在水泵出口处设置缓闭止回阀,管路中设置普通排气阀、缓冲排气阀、超压泄压阀、气压罐、单向调压塔、指定位置安装箱式双向调压塔等不同组合的8种水锤防护措施,并进行了比较,研究了不同水锤防护方案在水锤防护中的效果,最终选出有效的水锤防护方案。 相似文献
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新疆准东五彩湾供水工程属于长距离、高扬程、多起伏、两级串联的水泵加压供水系统,从控制工况开始,以规范规定的水锤防护必须达到的要求为约束条件,分别对一级泵站与二级泵站依次进行空气阀设置、泵出口阀关闭程序优化、调压塔设置等水锤防护效果计算,最后对所有可能发生的工况进行校核,将水锤破坏影响力降到最低。针对工程实际情况,结合停泵水锤计算,最终找出合理、经济、有效的水锤防护措施。自2011年10月正式通水至今,未发生过水锤事故,整个供水工程运行情况良好。 相似文献
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目前针对长距离跨海供水项目水锤防护的研究较少,由于跨海段管道设置水锤防护措施较难,因此水锤防护主要集中在陆地段管道,实施范围有限,水锤防护难度较大。某沿海企业用水量为20×104 m3/d,通过提升泵站从水库向企业供水,采用D1 600 mm钢管单管敷设,管线全长约36.5 km,其中约24.8 km埋设在海底。借助Bentley Hammer软件,针对长距离“凹”字状跨海管道布置模型,分析了该模型的特点,并在停泵水锤工况下分析了水锤波的传递,进行了两阶段关阀水锤防护、设置单向调压塔和空气阀等水锤联合防护研究。针对“凹”字状管道模型跨海段后的陆地段管道负压大、水头线低等特点,提出加深该段管道埋深、放缓管道坡度的措施,并进行了经济技术比选。 相似文献
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以洛宁抽水蓄能电站工程为背景,介绍了钢丝网骨架聚乙烯复合管(简称SRTP)在长距离、多起伏山群里进行供水时产生水锤效应的原因和解决措施。当SRTP长距离输水管关闭水泵阀门时,SRTP管和阀门收到的水压力增大产生水锤效应;SRTP长距离输水管中产生气泡时,对SRTP管的压力也会增大,产生断流弥合水锤效应;采用安装超压阀门的方式,减缓SRTP管和阀门受到的水压力,并建立SRTP长距离运输管道水锤计算模型,分析超压阀门的安装效果;设置单向调压塔、双向调压塔和SRTP管减压调蓄池,预防SRTP长距离输水管中的断流弥合水锤应力。 相似文献
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长距离输水管线的一次性投资大,且管网重要程度高,做好水锤防护关系到用水的安全与稳定。以援非某重力流输水工程为例,管网全长57.6 km,地势两边高、中间低,且起伏较大,水锤削减存在较大难度。在确定管道最大允许承受压力、关阀时间、关阀方式后,针对危害较大的末端关阀水锤,通过布置进气阀、排气阀、调压塔、超压泄压阀等系列组合防护措施进行软件模拟与分析。结果表明:进气阀、排气阀的传统快进慢排布置并不具备普适性,应根据工程实际情况合理选择布置方法;进气阀、排气阀搭配调压塔能有效消除负压及断流弥合水锤引起的正压,进一步搭配超压泄压阀,可将水锤带来的危害降至管道承受范围内,为输水管线的安全运行提供保障。 相似文献
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本文介绍了蝶式水泵控制阀的水锤防护功能、阀门结构、工作原理、主要技术参数和技术特点,对应用了蝶式水泵控制阀的卡洛湖泵站输水管网的水力坡度进行了详细的计算分析,提出了增设防水锤空气阀的优化方案,并现场检测和验证了蝶式水泵控制阀的实际应用效果。 相似文献
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上海青草沙水源地原水工程中金海支线和南汇支线具有输水规模大和输水距离长的特征。比选了泵站增压方式,采用泵站串联式管道直接增压技术;介绍了4种水锤防护措施,结合工程特点采取设置智能缓闭止回阀、单向补压塔以及辅助设置进排气阀等组合方式来消除水锤的危害;介绍了4种水泵调节措施,通过比选,最终选用了变频水泵调速控制方式,给出了确定变频泵台数的原则和数量。通过关键技术的研究,工程达到了节地、节电和安全运行的目的。 相似文献
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设计了适用于CO2热泵热水器的喷射器。分析了喷射器内部CO2流体压力、速度的变化趋势。建立了基于等压混合理论的喷射器模型,并对带喷射器的CO2热泵热水器系统进行热力学计算和火用损失分析。对带喷射器的热泵系统和带热力膨胀阀的传统热泵系统进行性能比较。考查了喷射系数、气体冷却器出口温度、蒸发温度等参数对系统制热系数的影响。 相似文献
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介绍多功能水泵控制阀防止水锤的原理,根据不同的工况简述了多功能水泵控制阀的工作过程、调试要点及应用,并列举了工程实例,证明多功能水泵控制阀可以起到防护水锤的作用。 相似文献
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以金碧花园六、七期工程为例,对变频控制柜、水泵进出口法兰、阀门、气压罐等变频供水泵房材料及设备的相关技术标准和操作要求进行了探讨,并阐述了泵房安装的相关注意事宜,为类似安装工程提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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This paper consists of an experimental and numerical study into transient behaviour in a residential building. The analysed effects occur by centrifugal pumps when they start with a direct supply (fixed-speed pumps are connected to the service pipe without an atmospheric tank). Direct supply increases the transient effect and places higher demands on the water main. The properties of such an installation were analysed using a hydraulic model in order to detect the most unfavourable scenario. The results were compared to experimental data. Basic hydraulics demonstrates that a pressure drop occurs during the start-up. The magnitude mainly depends on the pump capacity. But, numerical and field results show that other variables related to service pipe design could also negatively affect the pressure surge. The study provides water utilities with information about the influence of the different variables on pressure surge magnitude and basic design criteria to minimize these effects. 相似文献
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《Urban Water Journal》2013,10(4):203-217
This paper presents a new method for identifying the segments that are formed after the installation and closure of isolation valves in a water distribution network. This method is able to identify segments also when one-way devices are installed in the network. Thanks to its short computing times, the method enables the analysis of real networks which always comprise a large number of nodes and pipes. The numerical examples presented in this paper refer to two real water distribution networks. The first network is a part of a provincial network where two one-way devices are present; the second is a complex urban network without one-way devices. The method was first used to analyse the existing situation in both networks, i.e. the set of segments that are formed as a consequence of the present valve system. The method was subsequently used for the problem of the hypothetic redesign of the isolation valve system in the second urban network, i.e. the search for the optimal positions of the isolation valves in the network; in the redesign phase it provided solutions which are more cost-effective than the configuration of isolation valves currently present, the level of water service reliability being the same. 相似文献
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《Urban Water Journal》2013,10(4):309-314
Circular sedimentation tanks are preferred for removal of inorganic solids by class-I sedimentation during water and wastewater treatment processes. The present design practice for obtaining the exit diameter of circular settling tanks is based on using an arbitrarily fixed overflow rate. Such practice does not consider the non-uniformity of sediment particles and the mechanics of suspension and settlement. Although the equations which describe sedimentation are available, design equations have not been attempted as yet. In this paper the design equations for a circular sedimentation tank have been formulated taking into account the non-uniformity of suspended particles. These equations are based on the desired removal efficiency and ensure that the deposited material is not resuspended. The design equations are dependent upon the fluid, flow and sediment characteristics, and enable the exit diameter and the flow depth of the settling tank to be calculated. 相似文献